IJMS 45(10) 1234-1244
... hemocytes detect LPS molecules on their surfaces46, and then release, via rapid exocytosis, the contents of L- and S-granules47. These released granular components include two biosensors, named factors C and G. These two factors are serine protease zymogens and are autocatalytically activated by LPS ...
... hemocytes detect LPS molecules on their surfaces46, and then release, via rapid exocytosis, the contents of L- and S-granules47. These released granular components include two biosensors, named factors C and G. These two factors are serine protease zymogens and are autocatalytically activated by LPS ...
here - The Nebenführ Lab
... form of hybrid stacks after 20 min of treatment (Figure 4). Interestingly, the average number of cisternae per stack did not change during this period, irrespective of their appearance as Golgi or ER like (Figure 4). The Golgi stacks with at least two cisternae remaining after 10 to 30 min of treatm ...
... form of hybrid stacks after 20 min of treatment (Figure 4). Interestingly, the average number of cisternae per stack did not change during this period, irrespective of their appearance as Golgi or ER like (Figure 4). The Golgi stacks with at least two cisternae remaining after 10 to 30 min of treatm ...
MYC Rearrangement and Translocations Involving
... detail elsewhere! In these 171 DLCL, DNA for Southern blotting analysis was available in 96, and an abnormal karyotype was obtained in 124; 76 cases had both available, 48 had only abnormal karyotypes available, 20 had only DNA results available, and 27 cases had neither type of data available. The ...
... detail elsewhere! In these 171 DLCL, DNA for Southern blotting analysis was available in 96, and an abnormal karyotype was obtained in 124; 76 cases had both available, 48 had only abnormal karyotypes available, 20 had only DNA results available, and 27 cases had neither type of data available. The ...
Bacillus anthracis produces membrane-derived vesicles containing biologically active toxins
... Many Gram-negative pathogenic bacterial species, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, produce vesicles that contain toxins or other virulence factors and, in several cases, vesicles have been proposed to be vehicles for toxin delivery to eukaryotic cells (14– 17). Significantly less is known about the r ...
... Many Gram-negative pathogenic bacterial species, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, produce vesicles that contain toxins or other virulence factors and, in several cases, vesicles have been proposed to be vehicles for toxin delivery to eukaryotic cells (14– 17). Significantly less is known about the r ...
Dual Modes of Endoplasmic Reticulum-to
... the ER, VSVG-GFP was present in many After incubation for 24 hr at 39.5°C, VSVG-YFP has a diffuse somatodendritic distribution and colocalizes with ER resident highly mobile tubulovesicular carriers proteins (data not shown). Scale bar, 10 m. B, A confocal slice through the soma of a neuron express ...
... the ER, VSVG-GFP was present in many After incubation for 24 hr at 39.5°C, VSVG-YFP has a diffuse somatodendritic distribution and colocalizes with ER resident highly mobile tubulovesicular carriers proteins (data not shown). Scale bar, 10 m. B, A confocal slice through the soma of a neuron express ...
COWDRIA RUMINANTIUMIN PROTECTIVE ROLE OF LYT -2+ T CELLS J .
... One me of reconstituted freeze-dried rabbit serum and one me of a 10-fold dilution thereof in bovine foetal serum (BFS) were added to one me of the Kiimm stock infective inoculum and to two 10-fold serial dilutions thereof in BLP. The test tubes were placed in a waterbath at 37 oc for 30 min and 0,2 ...
... One me of reconstituted freeze-dried rabbit serum and one me of a 10-fold dilution thereof in bovine foetal serum (BFS) were added to one me of the Kiimm stock infective inoculum and to two 10-fold serial dilutions thereof in BLP. The test tubes were placed in a waterbath at 37 oc for 30 min and 0,2 ...
Micromechanical studies of mitotic chromosomes
... traditional microscopy of higher-order chromatin structure. The fact that new models for large-scale chromosome structure (Kimura et al., 1999; Machado and Andrew, 2000; Dietzel and Belmont, 2001; Losada and Hirano, 2001; Stack and Anderson, 2001) continue to be proposed in the literature indicates ...
... traditional microscopy of higher-order chromatin structure. The fact that new models for large-scale chromosome structure (Kimura et al., 1999; Machado and Andrew, 2000; Dietzel and Belmont, 2001; Losada and Hirano, 2001; Stack and Anderson, 2001) continue to be proposed in the literature indicates ...
Enhancement of Hypothalamic STAT3 Acetylation by
... weight and energy homeostasis in hypothalamus to date. Analysis of samples from hypothalamus showed a significant decrease of Nur77 expression in both mRNA and protein level in obese db/db and ob/ob mice compared with corresponding normal mice (Fig. 1A). Immunofluorescent staining also revealed a dis ...
... weight and energy homeostasis in hypothalamus to date. Analysis of samples from hypothalamus showed a significant decrease of Nur77 expression in both mRNA and protein level in obese db/db and ob/ob mice compared with corresponding normal mice (Fig. 1A). Immunofluorescent staining also revealed a dis ...
View/Open - Queen Mary University of London
... performed CCO and succinate dehydrogenase enzyme histochemistry (‘CCO staining’) on frozen tissue sections of these mucosal strips. CCO staining reveals enzyme activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex. The loss of epithelial substrate conversion indicates an underlying somatic ...
... performed CCO and succinate dehydrogenase enzyme histochemistry (‘CCO staining’) on frozen tissue sections of these mucosal strips. CCO staining reveals enzyme activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex. The loss of epithelial substrate conversion indicates an underlying somatic ...
Human HL-60 Myeloid Leukemia Cells Transport
... concentration of 2 X io6 cells/mL. Cell viability was greater than 95% as determined by trypan blue exclusion. For uptake assays, 0.5 mL of incubation buffer containing 2 X lo6 cellslml was added to 0.5 mL of incubation buffer containing 0.1 mmoVL DTT and the appropriate concentrations of ascorbic a ...
... concentration of 2 X io6 cells/mL. Cell viability was greater than 95% as determined by trypan blue exclusion. For uptake assays, 0.5 mL of incubation buffer containing 2 X lo6 cellslml was added to 0.5 mL of incubation buffer containing 0.1 mmoVL DTT and the appropriate concentrations of ascorbic a ...
How proteins produce cellular membrane curvature
... equal zero (c1 = 0 and c2 = 0, so J = 0 and K = 0) (see figure, part a). There is a cylindrical shape, which has one positive principle curvature, c1 > 0, whereas the second principle curvature equals zero, c2 = 0. This produces a non-zero total curvature, J = c1 ≠ 0, and a zero Gaussian curvature, ...
... equal zero (c1 = 0 and c2 = 0, so J = 0 and K = 0) (see figure, part a). There is a cylindrical shape, which has one positive principle curvature, c1 > 0, whereas the second principle curvature equals zero, c2 = 0. This produces a non-zero total curvature, J = c1 ≠ 0, and a zero Gaussian curvature, ...
Second Messengers Mediate Increases in Cytosolic Calcium in
... 6). The addition of cAMP, cGMP, or buffer alone immediately produced very rapid and small transients of cytosolic free Ca21 attributable to the touch response. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, a rapid transient is also seen immediately upon addition of db-cGMP or db-cAMP, which can be attributed t ...
... 6). The addition of cAMP, cGMP, or buffer alone immediately produced very rapid and small transients of cytosolic free Ca21 attributable to the touch response. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, a rapid transient is also seen immediately upon addition of db-cGMP or db-cAMP, which can be attributed t ...
physiology of ion transport across the tonoplast of higher plants
... endomembrane distribution, or in acidification of a localized extracellular compartment in the case of the plasma membrane V-ATPase (84). The enzyme resembles the F0F1-ATPases (F-ATPases) of mitochondria, chloroplasts, and eubacteria in their multimeric structure, lack of a phosphorylated intermedia ...
... endomembrane distribution, or in acidification of a localized extracellular compartment in the case of the plasma membrane V-ATPase (84). The enzyme resembles the F0F1-ATPases (F-ATPases) of mitochondria, chloroplasts, and eubacteria in their multimeric structure, lack of a phosphorylated intermedia ...
In vitro skin models to study epithelial regeneration from the hair
... 1.5 × 1.5 cm squares of C-GAG and DED were placed in 12-well-plates, with the silicone surface (GAG) and the papillary dermal surface (DED) located at the bottom of the multiwell plate. 1 cm stainless-steel rings were placed on the DEs into which DP cells were resuspended in DP medium (2 × 105 per c ...
... 1.5 × 1.5 cm squares of C-GAG and DED were placed in 12-well-plates, with the silicone surface (GAG) and the papillary dermal surface (DED) located at the bottom of the multiwell plate. 1 cm stainless-steel rings were placed on the DEs into which DP cells were resuspended in DP medium (2 × 105 per c ...
Host cell-derived lactate functions as an effector molecule in
... after 5 h in the presence of host cells, we collected medium after 5 h of incubation with both infected and uninfected FaDu cells. The conditioned medium (CM) from the infected or uninfected cells was added at a 1:1 volume ratio to bacterial suspensions in which microcolonies had been allowed to for ...
... after 5 h in the presence of host cells, we collected medium after 5 h of incubation with both infected and uninfected FaDu cells. The conditioned medium (CM) from the infected or uninfected cells was added at a 1:1 volume ratio to bacterial suspensions in which microcolonies had been allowed to for ...
Annexins: multifunctional components of growth and adaptation
... function. This is supported by the observation that both plant and animal annexins bind to a range of negatively charged phospholipids in addition to phosphatidylserine, including phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, and malonaldehyde-conjugated lipids (Blackbourn et al., 1991; Balasubramanian e ...
... function. This is supported by the observation that both plant and animal annexins bind to a range of negatively charged phospholipids in addition to phosphatidylserine, including phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, and malonaldehyde-conjugated lipids (Blackbourn et al., 1991; Balasubramanian e ...
Generation of the podocyte and tubular components
... mesonephric kidney, and presents several findings that refine our understanding of the initial events of nephron formation. First, well before the first morphological or molecular signs of nephron formation, mesonephric mesenchyme can be separated on the basis of morphology and the expression of the ...
... mesonephric kidney, and presents several findings that refine our understanding of the initial events of nephron formation. First, well before the first morphological or molecular signs of nephron formation, mesonephric mesenchyme can be separated on the basis of morphology and the expression of the ...
Amphibian gastrulation: history and evolution of a 125 year
... this journal has been devoted. Neural induction during gastrulation was to be investigated for decades. Mesoderm induction at a pregastrula stage was characterized later (Nieuwkoop, 1969). At the present time, an immense number of articles have dealt with cell inductive interactions in the Amphibian ...
... this journal has been devoted. Neural induction during gastrulation was to be investigated for decades. Mesoderm induction at a pregastrula stage was characterized later (Nieuwkoop, 1969). At the present time, an immense number of articles have dealt with cell inductive interactions in the Amphibian ...
Cytotoxic effect of lomefloxacin in culture of human epidermal
... by serious adverse effects on pigmented tissues. The exact mechanisms of lomefloxacin side effects have not been well established yet. The aim of this study was to characterize the interaction between lomefloxacin and melanin, and to examine how this interaction affects the cell viability and melani ...
... by serious adverse effects on pigmented tissues. The exact mechanisms of lomefloxacin side effects have not been well established yet. The aim of this study was to characterize the interaction between lomefloxacin and melanin, and to examine how this interaction affects the cell viability and melani ...
Protein-Reactive Natural Products
... the trade names orlistat or xenical, tetrahydrolipstatin was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in March 1999 and has been successful in helping obese patients lose weight.[26b, 27] Obesity affects approximately one third of the U.S. population,[26b] and many problems are thought to stem f ...
... the trade names orlistat or xenical, tetrahydrolipstatin was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in March 1999 and has been successful in helping obese patients lose weight.[26b, 27] Obesity affects approximately one third of the U.S. population,[26b] and many problems are thought to stem f ...
Generation of the podocyte and tubular components
... mesonephric kidney, and presents several findings that refine our understanding of the initial events of nephron formation. First, well before the first morphological or molecular signs of nephron formation, mesonephric mesenchyme can be separated on the basis of morphology and the expression of the ...
... mesonephric kidney, and presents several findings that refine our understanding of the initial events of nephron formation. First, well before the first morphological or molecular signs of nephron formation, mesonephric mesenchyme can be separated on the basis of morphology and the expression of the ...
Ribosomes slide on lysine-encoding homopolymeric A stretches
... abnormal sliding behavior, it rapidly triggers the destruction of the mRNA molecule. In contrast, when ribosomes encounter consecutive AAG codons, they slow down but do not slide, and therefore produce a correct protein. Koutmou et al.’s findings also provide an explanation for why there are relativ ...
... abnormal sliding behavior, it rapidly triggers the destruction of the mRNA molecule. In contrast, when ribosomes encounter consecutive AAG codons, they slow down but do not slide, and therefore produce a correct protein. Koutmou et al.’s findings also provide an explanation for why there are relativ ...
Chapter 4. Unnatural amino acids with caged side chains
... metabolic processes. As a result of these critical functions, ion channels are tightly regulated. All of a cell’s regulatory mechanisms are probably brought to bear upon ion channels, including transcriptional control; translational control; RNA editing; posttranslational modification of all varieti ...
... metabolic processes. As a result of these critical functions, ion channels are tightly regulated. All of a cell’s regulatory mechanisms are probably brought to bear upon ion channels, including transcriptional control; translational control; RNA editing; posttranslational modification of all varieti ...
Imaging Cell Wall Architecture in Single Zinnia
... directly probe for polysaccharide and aromatic molecules in native as well as treated plant material (Carpita et al., 2001; McCann et al., 2001). FTIR spectromicroscopy is not only able to identify chemical components in a specific system but also can determine their distribution and relative abunda ...
... directly probe for polysaccharide and aromatic molecules in native as well as treated plant material (Carpita et al., 2001; McCann et al., 2001). FTIR spectromicroscopy is not only able to identify chemical components in a specific system but also can determine their distribution and relative abunda ...
Dynamics of a=Tubulin Deacetylation in Intact Neurons
... min, after which the labeled medium was removed from all cultures and replaced with HB 10 1 containing all the supplements described above plus 10 times the normal level of unlabeled methionine. The cultures were incubated an additional 30 min to allow for the continued incorooration of labeled meth ...
... min, after which the labeled medium was removed from all cultures and replaced with HB 10 1 containing all the supplements described above plus 10 times the normal level of unlabeled methionine. The cultures were incubated an additional 30 min to allow for the continued incorooration of labeled meth ...