An Auxin Gradient and Maximum in the Arabidopsis
... fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and mass spectrometry–based IAA quantification and biosynthesis measurements. This approach complements the similar approach used to generate a transcriptional expression map of the Arabidopsis root at cell type–specific resolution (Birnbaum et al., 2003, 2 ...
... fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and mass spectrometry–based IAA quantification and biosynthesis measurements. This approach complements the similar approach used to generate a transcriptional expression map of the Arabidopsis root at cell type–specific resolution (Birnbaum et al., 2003, 2 ...
Chromosome silencing mechanisms in X
... reactivation may be uncoupled. In both B and C, Xp gene expression patterns in late stage blastocysts are extrapolated, as data for this stage have not been published. ...
... reactivation may be uncoupled. In both B and C, Xp gene expression patterns in late stage blastocysts are extrapolated, as data for this stage have not been published. ...
A Trafficking Pathway for Anthocyanins Overlaps
... significant challenge for plant cells, which can simultaneously accumulate hundreds of different phytochemicals, derived from both primary and secondary metabolism. Establishing the cellular and molecular mechanisms that participate in the trafficking of phytochemicals within and between plant cells ...
... significant challenge for plant cells, which can simultaneously accumulate hundreds of different phytochemicals, derived from both primary and secondary metabolism. Establishing the cellular and molecular mechanisms that participate in the trafficking of phytochemicals within and between plant cells ...
Hopanoids Play a Role in Membrane Integrity and pH
... at the C-2 or C-3 position and some are unsaturated, and the functionalization of the side chain can differ greatly (59). To date, no genetic, biochemical, physiological, or environmental studies have been done that explain the biological significance of these modifications. A few studies have propo ...
... at the C-2 or C-3 position and some are unsaturated, and the functionalization of the side chain can differ greatly (59). To date, no genetic, biochemical, physiological, or environmental studies have been done that explain the biological significance of these modifications. A few studies have propo ...
Anti-CCP antibodies: the past, the present and the future
... A few years later, a group led by Guy Serre convincingly showed that filaggrin in differentiated skin tissue was identical to the perinuclear factor. 16,17 Given the apparently discrepant results between these reports, an explanation that could be forwarded was that the mature filaggrin in fully d ...
... A few years later, a group led by Guy Serre convincingly showed that filaggrin in differentiated skin tissue was identical to the perinuclear factor. 16,17 Given the apparently discrepant results between these reports, an explanation that could be forwarded was that the mature filaggrin in fully d ...
PDF - The Kaeberlein Lab
... According to the Science of Aging Knowledge Environment’s Aging Genes/Interventions Database (Kaeberlein et al., 2002b), more than 50 genes have been reported to alter RLS when mutated or over-expressed. To date, no attempt has been made to determine which of these genes act to determine longevity i ...
... According to the Science of Aging Knowledge Environment’s Aging Genes/Interventions Database (Kaeberlein et al., 2002b), more than 50 genes have been reported to alter RLS when mutated or over-expressed. To date, no attempt has been made to determine which of these genes act to determine longevity i ...
Mesoderm induction: from caps to chips - UNC
... biology. Various developmental biology approaches, particularly in Xenopus and zebrafish, have identified many of the key factors that are involved in this process and have provided major insights into how these factors interact as part of a signalling and transcription-factor network. These data ar ...
... biology. Various developmental biology approaches, particularly in Xenopus and zebrafish, have identified many of the key factors that are involved in this process and have provided major insights into how these factors interact as part of a signalling and transcription-factor network. These data ar ...
μMACS™ mRNA Isolation Kits
... μ Columns or M Columns placed in a MACS Separator. After magnetic isolation, the mRNA can be eluted from the column in a small volume ready for downstream analysis (refer to figure 2). The fast mRNA preparation in 15–30 minutes directly from cells or tissue reduces the risk of RNA degradation, while ...
... μ Columns or M Columns placed in a MACS Separator. After magnetic isolation, the mRNA can be eluted from the column in a small volume ready for downstream analysis (refer to figure 2). The fast mRNA preparation in 15–30 minutes directly from cells or tissue reduces the risk of RNA degradation, while ...
Daclatasvir Prevents Hepatitis C Virus by Blocking Transfer of
... and NS5A proteins were readily detected in Jc1-infected cells at 72h post-infection (see the extractions of E2/core/NS5A colocalization pixels in the right panels A of either figure and quantifications in panels B-C). Strikingly, after a 6h-long DCV treatment, they appeared ca. 85% bigger than witho ...
... and NS5A proteins were readily detected in Jc1-infected cells at 72h post-infection (see the extractions of E2/core/NS5A colocalization pixels in the right panels A of either figure and quantifications in panels B-C). Strikingly, after a 6h-long DCV treatment, they appeared ca. 85% bigger than witho ...
structure-function analysis of the drosophila stubble type ii
... Vertebrate type II transmembrane serine proteases and pathology Upon sequencing of vertebrate genomes, a surprising number of genes belonging to previously identified but sparsely populated protease families have been described. One of these families, the mammalian type II transmembrane serine prote ...
... Vertebrate type II transmembrane serine proteases and pathology Upon sequencing of vertebrate genomes, a surprising number of genes belonging to previously identified but sparsely populated protease families have been described. One of these families, the mammalian type II transmembrane serine prote ...
An autophagy-related kinase is essential for the symbiotic
... Downregulation of PI3K affects root hair growth and curling in response to rhizobia inoculation To gain insight into the role of Pv-PI3K during nodule organogenesis and AM symbiosis, we used RNAi to knock down the expression of Pv-PI3K in P. vulgaris composite plants, in which only the hairy roots ...
... Downregulation of PI3K affects root hair growth and curling in response to rhizobia inoculation To gain insight into the role of Pv-PI3K during nodule organogenesis and AM symbiosis, we used RNAi to knock down the expression of Pv-PI3K in P. vulgaris composite plants, in which only the hairy roots ...
Genetic Analyses of Schizosaccharomyces pombe dna2
... approach, we sought in vivo evidence for a role of DNA2 in Okazaki fragment metabolism. For this purpose, we isolated the S. pombe homolog (dna2⫹) of S. cerevisiae DNA2 and constructed ts alleles of dna2⫹. Characterization of the S. pombe dna2 mutants revealed that S. pombe Dna2 interacted genetical ...
... approach, we sought in vivo evidence for a role of DNA2 in Okazaki fragment metabolism. For this purpose, we isolated the S. pombe homolog (dna2⫹) of S. cerevisiae DNA2 and constructed ts alleles of dna2⫹. Characterization of the S. pombe dna2 mutants revealed that S. pombe Dna2 interacted genetical ...
REVIEWS Structural insights into the function of the
... The relative tissue abundance of different isoforms is therefore an important factor in dictating which population of Rabs is associated with a particular GDI isoform. However, at least one isoform, the mouse GDI-2 (the ~/-isoform) is specifically enriched in endosomal compartments ]~ suggesting a m ...
... The relative tissue abundance of different isoforms is therefore an important factor in dictating which population of Rabs is associated with a particular GDI isoform. However, at least one isoform, the mouse GDI-2 (the ~/-isoform) is specifically enriched in endosomal compartments ]~ suggesting a m ...
A microfluidic culture platform for CNS axonal injury, regeneration
... revealed the presence of H1 histone (H1f0), calcium/calmodulin- mRNA expression of the immediate early gene FBJ murine osteodependent protein kinase II a (Camk2a), b actin (Actb) and sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (Fos; also known as c-fos) were synaptophysin (Syp) mRNAs within the somal compartment ...
... revealed the presence of H1 histone (H1f0), calcium/calmodulin- mRNA expression of the immediate early gene FBJ murine osteodependent protein kinase II a (Camk2a), b actin (Actb) and sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (Fos; also known as c-fos) were synaptophysin (Syp) mRNAs within the somal compartment ...
REVIEWS
... region-1’ from protein kinase C (PKC), and were identified almost 20 years ago as the binding sites that are responsible for PKC activation by phorbol esters and DAG8. They are zinc-finger domains of ~50 amino acids that contain the signature motif HX12CX2CX13–14 CX2CX4HX2CX7C (in which C is cystein ...
... region-1’ from protein kinase C (PKC), and were identified almost 20 years ago as the binding sites that are responsible for PKC activation by phorbol esters and DAG8. They are zinc-finger domains of ~50 amino acids that contain the signature motif HX12CX2CX13–14 CX2CX4HX2CX7C (in which C is cystein ...
Understanding the role of growth factors in embryonic development
... potentiate the effects of FGF on rat lens epithelial explants, leading to a fibre-differentiation response [27,29 – 31]. This is consistent with studies on chick lens cells that showed roles for insulin/IGF [32], EGF/ transforming growth factor (TGF)-a [33,34] and also bone morphogenetic proteins (B ...
... potentiate the effects of FGF on rat lens epithelial explants, leading to a fibre-differentiation response [27,29 – 31]. This is consistent with studies on chick lens cells that showed roles for insulin/IGF [32], EGF/ transforming growth factor (TGF)-a [33,34] and also bone morphogenetic proteins (B ...
Microtubules Regulate Dynamic Organization of Vacuoles in
... their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Physcomitrella patens. This tiny plant has a very simple b ...
... their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Physcomitrella patens. This tiny plant has a very simple b ...
Defect in neutrophil killing and increased
... Groups of PGRP-S⫹/⫹ and PGRP-S⫺/⫺ mice were injected by intraperitoneal or intravenous route with the numbers and species of bacteria indicated in “Results,” and survival was monitored every 6 hours for the first 48 hours and every 12 hours for 10 days. The significance of differences in the surviva ...
... Groups of PGRP-S⫹/⫹ and PGRP-S⫺/⫺ mice were injected by intraperitoneal or intravenous route with the numbers and species of bacteria indicated in “Results,” and survival was monitored every 6 hours for the first 48 hours and every 12 hours for 10 days. The significance of differences in the surviva ...
Long-Circulating and Target-Specific Nanoparticles: Theory to Practice
... Long-circulating particulate carriers might also act as oxygen delivery systems and end the centuries-old search for “artificial or substitute blood”. An artificial colloid-based blood substitute would be expected to be compatible with all blood types and have a better shelf life than blood itself, ...
... Long-circulating particulate carriers might also act as oxygen delivery systems and end the centuries-old search for “artificial or substitute blood”. An artificial colloid-based blood substitute would be expected to be compatible with all blood types and have a better shelf life than blood itself, ...
Oriented cell motility and division underlie early limb bud
... supplementary material). We confirmed that short-term culture under these conditions did not result in increased cell death as assessed by LysoTracker Red staining (see Fig. S1B in the supplementary material), nor in dysmorphology of the limb bud (see Fig. S1C in the supplementary material). Using t ...
... supplementary material). We confirmed that short-term culture under these conditions did not result in increased cell death as assessed by LysoTracker Red staining (see Fig. S1B in the supplementary material), nor in dysmorphology of the limb bud (see Fig. S1C in the supplementary material). Using t ...
Cellular function and pathological role of ATP13A2 and related P
... life, which are recognized by several conserved signature motifs associated with their catalytic mechanism (Axelsen and Palmgren, 1998). The main characteristic of all P-type ATPases is the formation of an acid-stable aspartyl phosphate intermediate during the catalytic cycle (hence the name P-type) ...
... life, which are recognized by several conserved signature motifs associated with their catalytic mechanism (Axelsen and Palmgren, 1998). The main characteristic of all P-type ATPases is the formation of an acid-stable aspartyl phosphate intermediate during the catalytic cycle (hence the name P-type) ...
Integration of light and metabolic signals for stem cell
... E2 promoter binding factor a (E2Fa) (Xiong et al., 2013). S6K1 plays an important ...
... E2 promoter binding factor a (E2Fa) (Xiong et al., 2013). S6K1 plays an important ...
Novel Insights into Rice Innate Immunity Against Bacterial and
... varieties are appearing in the literature at a rapid pace (41, 98). Sequences for seven rice pathogen species, including multiple strains of some species, were reported over the past decade (Table 1). In this review, we discuss the new insights into rice immunity and microbial pathogenesis made poss ...
... varieties are appearing in the literature at a rapid pace (41, 98). Sequences for seven rice pathogen species, including multiple strains of some species, were reported over the past decade (Table 1). In this review, we discuss the new insights into rice immunity and microbial pathogenesis made poss ...
Full-Text PDF
... in Ihh´/´ chondrocytes in order to clarify which functions of Ihh were mediated by PTHrP. The compound mutants inhibited premature chondrocyte hypertrophy, but did not increase the number of mitotically active chondrocytes compared to Ihh´/´ mutants. These results suggest that: (1) Ihh is required f ...
... in Ihh´/´ chondrocytes in order to clarify which functions of Ihh were mediated by PTHrP. The compound mutants inhibited premature chondrocyte hypertrophy, but did not increase the number of mitotically active chondrocytes compared to Ihh´/´ mutants. These results suggest that: (1) Ihh is required f ...
Regulatory Mechanisms of Monofunctional and
... for AHH activity as described by Nebert (39). The remaining samples were centrifuged at 5000 x g for 20 min and assayed for quinone reducÃ-aseactivity by measuring the rate of oxidation of NADH (200 ßM)by menadione (50 /¿M) at 340 nm in the assay system described by Prochaska and Talalay (40). Pro ...
... for AHH activity as described by Nebert (39). The remaining samples were centrifuged at 5000 x g for 20 min and assayed for quinone reducÃ-aseactivity by measuring the rate of oxidation of NADH (200 ßM)by menadione (50 /¿M) at 340 nm in the assay system described by Prochaska and Talalay (40). Pro ...