EnvZ is not essential for the upregulation of OmpC following
... Increased OmpC expression and kanamycin resistance has been observed in Escherichia coli exposed to sublethal concentrations of kanamycin. However, the regulatory pathway through which kanamycin induces OmpC upregulation has not been elucidated. It is known that Escherichia coli detects increased en ...
... Increased OmpC expression and kanamycin resistance has been observed in Escherichia coli exposed to sublethal concentrations of kanamycin. However, the regulatory pathway through which kanamycin induces OmpC upregulation has not been elucidated. It is known that Escherichia coli detects increased en ...
Spore Formation Bacillus subtilis during Compartmentalization of
... Many of the loci discussed in this review were identified almost three decades ago as spo loci, because mutations in them blocked spore formation. Since then, our understanding of the roles of those loci has increased enormously. In general, spo loci encode proteins with unique roles in spore format ...
... Many of the loci discussed in this review were identified almost three decades ago as spo loci, because mutations in them blocked spore formation. Since then, our understanding of the roles of those loci has increased enormously. In general, spo loci encode proteins with unique roles in spore format ...
Molecular mapping of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in focal
... To assess directly the FRET efficiency, as measured by sensitized emission, we used an alternative approach for quantifying FRET, namely, the ‘dequenching of the donor’ following acceptor photobleaching (Siegel et al., 2000). Photobleaching of the YFP-dSH2 induced a 7% increase of CFP-paxillin fluor ...
... To assess directly the FRET efficiency, as measured by sensitized emission, we used an alternative approach for quantifying FRET, namely, the ‘dequenching of the donor’ following acceptor photobleaching (Siegel et al., 2000). Photobleaching of the YFP-dSH2 induced a 7% increase of CFP-paxillin fluor ...
Secondary Cell Walls: Biosynthesis, Patterned
... in the six particle rosette is proposed to contain one of each of the three interacting secondary wall CesAs (Newman et al. 2013). Close homologs of CesA4, CesA7 and CesA8 are present in other vascular plants and their disruption has been shown to result in a reduction in cellulose content and secon ...
... in the six particle rosette is proposed to contain one of each of the three interacting secondary wall CesAs (Newman et al. 2013). Close homologs of CesA4, CesA7 and CesA8 are present in other vascular plants and their disruption has been shown to result in a reduction in cellulose content and secon ...
Effects of nitric oxide on red blood cell deformability
... has been suggested to have cardiovascular effects via regulation of red blood cell (RBC) deformability. The present study was designed to further explore this possibility. Human RBCs in autologous plasma were incubated for 1 h with NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors [N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NA ...
... has been suggested to have cardiovascular effects via regulation of red blood cell (RBC) deformability. The present study was designed to further explore this possibility. Human RBCs in autologous plasma were incubated for 1 h with NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors [N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NA ...
Pericentriolar material structure and dynamics
... showed that microtubules (MTs) originate from the PCM (figure 1) [2] and that PCM integrity is sensitive to chelating divalent cations [9]. The resolution required to distinguish subdomains within the PCM would not be achieved until the implementation of EM tomography. Using this approach, in combin ...
... showed that microtubules (MTs) originate from the PCM (figure 1) [2] and that PCM integrity is sensitive to chelating divalent cations [9]. The resolution required to distinguish subdomains within the PCM would not be achieved until the implementation of EM tomography. Using this approach, in combin ...
Pollen Tube Growth Oscillations and Intracellular
... that all these components are well represented in the apex of growing pollen tubes (Hepler et al., 2001). Calcium (Ca21) and pH gradients are well expressed, and exhibit oscillations (Hepler et al., 2006). Of particular note, recent work reveals that an increase in the alkaline band, which resides i ...
... that all these components are well represented in the apex of growing pollen tubes (Hepler et al., 2001). Calcium (Ca21) and pH gradients are well expressed, and exhibit oscillations (Hepler et al., 2006). Of particular note, recent work reveals that an increase in the alkaline band, which resides i ...
Induction of stable ER–plasma-membrane junctions by Kv2.1
... ER–plasma-membrane junctions, or sub-surface cisterns (SSCs), as demonstrated by more than 50 years of electron microscopy experiments (Rosenbluth, 1962), little is known about the molecular components involved in neuronal ER–plasma-membrane junction formation, maintenance and function (Helle et al. ...
... ER–plasma-membrane junctions, or sub-surface cisterns (SSCs), as demonstrated by more than 50 years of electron microscopy experiments (Rosenbluth, 1962), little is known about the molecular components involved in neuronal ER–plasma-membrane junction formation, maintenance and function (Helle et al. ...
Barley Aleurone Cells Contain Two Types of
... two separate types of vacuoles: the protein storage vacuoles that contain HvAP, and storage proteins and another organelle that contain aleurain. In previous work from our laboratory, we began our characterization of aleurone protein storage vacuoles. In common with many plant vacuoles (Sze, 1985; R ...
... two separate types of vacuoles: the protein storage vacuoles that contain HvAP, and storage proteins and another organelle that contain aleurain. In previous work from our laboratory, we began our characterization of aleurone protein storage vacuoles. In common with many plant vacuoles (Sze, 1985; R ...
Liposomes Types, Mechanism,Sizing and Preparation
... contact with the polar environment and at the same time shields the non polar part. • Among the amphiphiles used in the drug delivery, viz. soaps detergents, polar lipids; the latter are often employed to form concentric ...
... contact with the polar environment and at the same time shields the non polar part. • Among the amphiphiles used in the drug delivery, viz. soaps detergents, polar lipids; the latter are often employed to form concentric ...
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... and is closely related to the development of neural crest cells (SaukaSpengler et al., 2007; Shigetani et al., 2002). Primitive neural crestlike populations are present in cyclostomes, including hagfish (jawless, vertebraeless) and lamprey (jawless vertebrate), which are considered to be a sister gr ...
... and is closely related to the development of neural crest cells (SaukaSpengler et al., 2007; Shigetani et al., 2002). Primitive neural crestlike populations are present in cyclostomes, including hagfish (jawless, vertebraeless) and lamprey (jawless vertebrate), which are considered to be a sister gr ...
Intracellular localization of NDH II - Journal of Cell Science
... Association of NDH II with perichromatin RNP fibrils The subnuclear localization of NDH II in HeLa cells was studied by immunoelectron microscopy. An EDTA-regressive staining method was used to contrast RNP-structures against condensed chromosomal areas in the nucleus (Bernhard, 1969). NDH II, ident ...
... Association of NDH II with perichromatin RNP fibrils The subnuclear localization of NDH II in HeLa cells was studied by immunoelectron microscopy. An EDTA-regressive staining method was used to contrast RNP-structures against condensed chromosomal areas in the nucleus (Bernhard, 1969). NDH II, ident ...
Deep Insight Section Mechanisms and regulation of autophagy in mammalian cells
... Figure 2. Regulation of autophagy and its relationship with signaling molecules and apoptotic mediators. In the presence of amino acids, growth factors and energy, the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) represses autophagy by inhibiting the kinase activity of ULK1. In contrast, in the absence of amino acids an ...
... Figure 2. Regulation of autophagy and its relationship with signaling molecules and apoptotic mediators. In the presence of amino acids, growth factors and energy, the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) represses autophagy by inhibiting the kinase activity of ULK1. In contrast, in the absence of amino acids an ...
Role of lectins (and rhizobial exopolysaccharides) in legume
... and mild trypsinization of the soybean protoplasts removed SBL, but not other lectins [44]. These findings demonstrate that receptors specific for SBL are localized to the plasma membrane. A gene encoding a new class of receptor-like kinase has been cloned from Arabidopsis [45]. It appears to be a m ...
... and mild trypsinization of the soybean protoplasts removed SBL, but not other lectins [44]. These findings demonstrate that receptors specific for SBL are localized to the plasma membrane. A gene encoding a new class of receptor-like kinase has been cloned from Arabidopsis [45]. It appears to be a m ...
Current Opinion in Plant Biology
... and mild trypsinization of the soybean protoplasts removed SBL, but not other lectins [44]. These findings demonstrate that receptors specific for SBL are localized to the plasma membrane. A gene encoding a new class of receptor-like kinase has been cloned from Arabidopsis [45]. It appears to be a m ...
... and mild trypsinization of the soybean protoplasts removed SBL, but not other lectins [44]. These findings demonstrate that receptors specific for SBL are localized to the plasma membrane. A gene encoding a new class of receptor-like kinase has been cloned from Arabidopsis [45]. It appears to be a m ...
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... 100 genes that are required for mouse neural tube closure, regulating processes as diverse as patterning, PCP and organization of the actin cytoskeleton (Copp and Greene, 2010). Mutations in a number of genes that affect F-actin organization cause failure of closure of the cranial neural tube, inclu ...
... 100 genes that are required for mouse neural tube closure, regulating processes as diverse as patterning, PCP and organization of the actin cytoskeleton (Copp and Greene, 2010). Mutations in a number of genes that affect F-actin organization cause failure of closure of the cranial neural tube, inclu ...
Arrested Differentiation of Proplastids into Chloroplasts in
... 1996, Carol and Kuntz 2001). With the exception of mutations caused by transposons and organelle genomes (leading to a genetic mosaic), most of the mutants are recessive and are nuclear encoded. The recessive nature of variegation indicates that two plastid types separated in green/white sectors are ...
... 1996, Carol and Kuntz 2001). With the exception of mutations caused by transposons and organelle genomes (leading to a genetic mosaic), most of the mutants are recessive and are nuclear encoded. The recessive nature of variegation indicates that two plastid types separated in green/white sectors are ...
Combating MultidrugResistant Bacteria: Current
... 1. Introduction and Overview Lead compounds for antibacterial chemotherapy, as for all chemotherapy, are obtained from two sources: de novo chemical synthesis and natural products. For antibacterials, natural products have historically been by far the more important, with only three clinically used ...
... 1. Introduction and Overview Lead compounds for antibacterial chemotherapy, as for all chemotherapy, are obtained from two sources: de novo chemical synthesis and natural products. For antibacterials, natural products have historically been by far the more important, with only three clinically used ...
Characterization of the ATPase Activity of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000
... sensitivity in resistant cells, caused an increase in the P-glycoprotein ATPase activity suggesting that P-glycoprotein might be the target molecule of these agents. ...
... sensitivity in resistant cells, caused an increase in the P-glycoprotein ATPase activity suggesting that P-glycoprotein might be the target molecule of these agents. ...
Chediak-Higashi–Like Granules in Acute
... the granules seen in the congenital CH disease. Flat, nonstructural pinkish content was seen in round granules, and in granules with a colorless halo (a pinkish, nonstructural center and vacuole-like periphery). We saw different relations between the central and peripheral part of these granules. Th ...
... the granules seen in the congenital CH disease. Flat, nonstructural pinkish content was seen in round granules, and in granules with a colorless halo (a pinkish, nonstructural center and vacuole-like periphery). We saw different relations between the central and peripheral part of these granules. Th ...