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The integrin–actin connection, an eternal love affair
The integrin–actin connection, an eternal love affair

... microtubular network and the directed movement of the cells (Etienne-Manneville and Hall, 2003). Finally, complexity is added by the fact that integrin-associated molecules are multifunctional. Integrin-linked actin binding proteins attach to signalling molecules and function as platforms, which bri ...
Pseudorabies Virus: A Highly Specific
Pseudorabies Virus: A Highly Specific

... or transmitter enzymesin virally infected neurons(Strack et al., 1989a,b; Spenceret al., 1990).Thus, this procedurecan be used to study the neuroanatomicalconnectionsof specificchemically coded central neurons. Becauseof the latter reason, our laboratory has been particularly interested in determini ...
Article - Archive ouverte UNIGE
Article - Archive ouverte UNIGE

... dermal papillae after papilla removal, or lower follicle amputation (Oliver, 19666; Jahoda et al. 1991). The finding that cultured rat vibrissa dermal papilla cells (Jahoda and Oliver, 1981) retain their capacity to stimulate hair growth (Jahoda et al. 1984; Home et al. 1986) distinguishes them as a ...
8 DJ Begley Short Res CV 4-2013-1
8 DJ Begley Short Res CV 4-2013-1

... (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). In particular: Structure-activity relationships (SAR) of brain uptake. The physico-chemical factors determining the uptake, transport and interactions of drugs, peptides, hormones and other solutes at the blood-brain interfaces. CNS, drug targ ...
Early Development of the Japanese Spiny Oyster (Saccostrea
Early Development of the Japanese Spiny Oyster (Saccostrea

... embryogenesis, we sequenced the 5’ ends of 106 clones selected randomly from a gastrula-stage cDNA library (Oda et al., 2002). Among the 106 clones, 46 independent transcripts (from 49 clones read) showed significant similarity to known sequences in the Uniprot database (the cut-off value was less t ...
ER Membrane Protein Complex Required for Nuclear
ER Membrane Protein Complex Required for Nuclear

... movement and subsequent alignment of nuclei that precedes their fusion. These include mutations that cause defects in microtubule stability and/or morphology, such as those that affect the TUB2 (encoding [3-tubulin), KAR4, and KAR9 genes (17, 18), and mutations that affect microtubule-based movement ...
The Role of Model Organisms in the History of Mitosis
The Role of Model Organisms in the History of Mitosis

... events, such as cases of unequal segregation or transposition. In addition, she rightly pointed out that differentiated cells often arise after asymmetric mitosis. She stated that different gene regulations arise from daughter cells formed by asymmetric cell divisions in which one daughter cell gain ...
Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

... to intravenous glucose, despite the fact that β–cells in type 2 diabetes clearly contain insulin. Second: delivery of non-glucose secretagogues can acutely increase insulin release but dose not result in equivalent responses to those seen with similar stimulation in healthy subjects. Third: although ...
Dynamics of PhiX174 protein E-mediated lysis of
Dynamics of PhiX174 protein E-mediated lysis of

Human CHMP6, a myristoylated ESCRT-III protein, interacts directly
Human CHMP6, a myristoylated ESCRT-III protein, interacts directly

... a mammalian orthologue of yeast Class E Vps31/Bro1) interacts with viral Gag proteins and serves as a bridge between the selected components of ESCRT-I and ESCRT-III, i.e. Tsg101 and a mammalian orthologue of yeast Snf7 named CHMP (charged MVB protein) 4 respectively. From the viewpoint of membrane ...
S-layer Structure in Bacteria and Archaea
S-layer Structure in Bacteria and Archaea

... with layered supramolecular architectures surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane. Of the finest examples of such supramolecular cell wall components are surface or S-layers. These regular paracrystalline pericellular structures were first observed in the bacterium Spirillum serpens and in the archaeum ...
Reviews
Reviews

... of this paper is the following: The first section, after some preliminary classification and definition, will deal with some of the most important biological properties of HA, introducing its interactions with proteins, cells, and tissue. Then, since the molecular structure of HA is at the basis of ...
Transmembrane domains control exclusion of membrane proteins
Transmembrane domains control exclusion of membrane proteins

... are concentrated in transport vesicles are depleted from the donor compartment and enriched in the acceptor compartment. Proteins that are excluded from transport vesicles are restricted to the donor compartment. Both mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and might act in concert to ensure efficient ...
Drosophila C-terminal Binding Protein Functions as a Context
Drosophila C-terminal Binding Protein Functions as a Context

... Transcriptional repression plays a major role in segmentation gene expression that leads to proper body patterning during early Drosophila development (cf. Refs. 1 and 4). A number of different transcriptional repressors present in the early Drosophila embryo have been shown to encode sequence-speci ...
GARDNER, CARTON & DOUGLAS
GARDNER, CARTON & DOUGLAS

... product sample collection, contains batch requirements that are inappropriate for a product quality BE assessment. Because of the critical nature of this testing in the BE assessment, and because of the limited number (three) of batches examined, it is appropriate and fair to require three productio ...
Specialized filopodia direct long-range transport of SHH
Specialized filopodia direct long-range transport of SHH

... cellular level remains poorly understood1. For more than a century, the vertebrate limb bud has served as a model for studying cell signalling during embryonic development2. Here we optimize single-cell realtime imaging to delineate the cellular mechanisms for how signalling proteins, such as sonic ...
Pseudoaneurysm of profunda femoris paper
Pseudoaneurysm of profunda femoris paper

COMPOUND-INDUCED HOST CELL RESPONSES AND EFFECTS ON WHOLE VIRUS CHAPTER 4
COMPOUND-INDUCED HOST CELL RESPONSES AND EFFECTS ON WHOLE VIRUS CHAPTER 4

... clinical trials (Hamid et al., 2004) with toxicity and adverse effects being some of the reasons for the failures. While the in silico prediction models (covered in chapter 3) provides insights into potential toxicity and can significantly shorten the drug discovery time line (Lobell and Sivarajah, ...
2, 3, and 4-Electrode Experiments
2, 3, and 4-Electrode Experiments

... Electrodes ...
Co-option of an endogenous retrovirus envelope for host defense in
Co-option of an endogenous retrovirus envelope for host defense in

... containing antibiotic resistance or fluorescent protein genes (Figure 2A). This procedure progressively enriched MLV-ancHTenv-susceptible DF-1 cells (Figure 2—figure supplement 1A). Lentiviralvector directed PCR primers were then used to identify a human cDNA in the selected cells, that encoded huma ...
Respiratory System - eCurriculum
Respiratory System - eCurriculum

... Regenerate type I and type II cells Mitochondria, RER, Golgi Vacuoles containing the phospholipid surfactant Surfactant lowers surface tension of alveoli ...
Disruption of a Dynamin Homologue Affects Endocytosis, Organelle
Disruption of a Dynamin Homologue Affects Endocytosis, Organelle

... Measurement of Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis Fluid-phase endocytosis and exocytosis of surface-attached wildtype Ax2, rescue cells, and dymA2 cells were quantitatively analyzed using a method adapted from Bacon et al. (1994). Cells were grown to confluency on 6-cm Petri dishes or in shaking culture a ...
1. (a) cells if more than one box is ticked, award no mark 1 (b) tail 1
1. (a) cells if more than one box is ticked, award no mark 1 (b) tail 1

... blood flowing around the body’ ‘you would die’ is insufficient ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration: Original
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration: Original

... 7. The light-dependent reactions produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into ATP and NADPH. The light-dependent reactions occur in different ares of the thylakoid, called photosystem I and photosystem II. 8. The Calvin uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to produce high-energ ...
A Novel Plant Kinesin-Related Protein Specifically
A Novel Plant Kinesin-Related Protein Specifically

... (RACE) experiments were performed. We predicted that the full-length open reading frame would encode a polypeptide of 869 amino acids, which has been named AtPAKRP2 (Figure1). The deduced polypeptide has a calculated molecular mass of 97 kD and a pI of 5.8. The deduced AtPAKRP2 sequence showed a num ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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