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Low dose effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissue stem cells
Low dose effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissue stem cells

... and is generally observed to be a stochastic process. Secondly, a cancer outcome following radiation is most likely affected by the microenvironment, signalling between irradiated and non-irradiated cells and inflammatory responses. Finally, controversial ‘abscopal effects’ have been observed in viv ...
HISTOLOGY— THE STUDY OF TISSUES
HISTOLOGY— THE STUDY OF TISSUES

... When viewing such sections, you must try to translate the ­microscopic image into a mental image of the whole structure. Like the boiled egg and elbow macaroni in figure 3.1, an object may look quite different when it is cut at various levels, or planes of section. A coiled tube, such as a gland of ...
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BE WHEN THEY GROW UP? Lessons from Epidermal Patterning in

... transcription factors. Second, the timing and location of differentiation is often regulated by both long-range hormonal signals and local cell-cell signaling. Third, differentiating cells often either stop cycling mitotically or enter a modified cell cycle. The plant epidermis is an excellent tissu ...
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Suffix Meaning -ac pertaining to

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SCIENCE - Troup County School System
SCIENCE - Troup County School System

... robins fly. The next step would be to find some common characteristic that at least two of those flying animals share. This step is repeated until the dichotomous key leads to clearly identifying a species by separating it from the others based on traits. Dichotomous keys are often revised as they a ...
Chapter 42 pulmonary only 2008
Chapter 42 pulmonary only 2008

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Two-photon laser scanning microscopy imaging of intact spinal cord and
Two-photon laser scanning microscopy imaging of intact spinal cord and

... 2007). Induction of the microglial injury response is a sensitive measure of such damage (Davalos et al., 2005; Kim and Dustin, 2006). The underlying tissue is also potentially more vulnerable to additional inflammatory artifacts such as acute neutrophil recruitment (Kim and Dustin, 2006). These shor ...
Cell Differentiation for the Regulation of Thymocyte and Th2 Distinct
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Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You
Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You

... Gram-positive cells with their very thick peptidoglycan cell walls, are susceptible to penicillins and cephalosporins. Gram-negative cells with their thin cell walls and lipopolysaccharide layer are resistant to these antibiotics. ...
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Respiratory System
Respiratory System

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Cell Biology
Cell Biology

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CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS

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... tumour or not. Sometimes they release histamine after a bump or handling and this causes them to swell up suddenly, so owners may think they are a ‘bee sting’. They can appear anywhere on the body and be any size. About 1/3 of tumours in dogs are skin tumours, and up to 20% of these will be MCT. Abo ...
Lung dendritic cells and host immunity to infection
Lung dendritic cells and host immunity to infection

... (Th)1 lymphocytes are effector cells that predominantly secrete IL-2, interferon (IFN)-c and TNF-b to activate macrophages and cytotoxic T-cells. CD4z Th2 lymphocytes secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-13 to induce a predominantly humoral immune response, sometimes dominated by the formati ...
function - Coastal Bend College
function - Coastal Bend College

... 1. Define key basic chemistry terms, including atom, element, ion, chemical bond, solution, solvent, solute, acid, base, and enzyme. 2. Explain the basic function of an enzyme. 3. Define cell, tissue, organ, and organ system. 4. List the organ systems, identify major organs or tissues in each system ...
Long-Term Potentiation in Cultures of Single Hippocampal Granule
Long-Term Potentiation in Cultures of Single Hippocampal Granule

... size and frequency of these events in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) before and after inducing LTP. Figure 8A shows the results from one experiment. In basal conditions, the frequency of mEPSCs was approximately 0.2 Hz and the amplitude distribution showed a skewed distribution toward larger eve ...
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PDF - Blood Journal

... melanocytes and platelets.16 These lineage-restricted effects could result either from a high concentration of Rab proteins in target cells, so that reduced enzyme activity is limiting, or from the particular sensitivity of cell type–specific Rabs to reduced RGGT levels. Regardless of the precise me ...
Transient light-induced changes in ion channel
Transient light-induced changes in ion channel

... the ORCs to current changes is small. Apart from changes in channel activities, changes of the pump activity may also be involved in the light effect. To evaluate the involvement of the pump in light responses, conditions were created in which changes of 7K ORC will not contribute to changes of / m ...
Action Potential 2
Action Potential 2

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Formins: Linking Cytoskeleton and Endomembranes in Plant Cells
Formins: Linking Cytoskeleton and Endomembranes in Plant Cells

... In typical differentiated plant cells, most endomembrane organelles are literally sandwiched in a thin layer of cortical cytoplasm between the plasmalemma and tonoplast, close to each other and in an intimate contact with the cortical cytoskeleton. Common to all eukaryotes, the endomembranes are int ...
Treating the Nonhealing Epithelial Defect
Treating the Nonhealing Epithelial Defect

... bandage soft contact lenses to apply preservative-free artificial tears every 1 to 2 hours. Furthermore, there is a known risk of infectious keratitis with contact lens use, so it is recommended to prescribe a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic drop such as a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone or poly ...
Chapter 16: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
Chapter 16: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

... Red blood cells transport oxygen to the cells and tissues of the body. Formed in bone marrow, red blood cells contain hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein in blood. Hemoglobin contains iron that binds with oxygen in the lungs and releases the oxygen in the tissues. Hemoglobin also c ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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