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27572 Blood and Transplant Matters (Issue 49).indd - NHSBT
27572 Blood and Transplant Matters (Issue 49).indd - NHSBT

... carries out more kidney transplants per year than the UK (6000 vs UK 3300). This is still far short of the need. Since Indian law only allows living kidney donation to a relative, one of the unique responsibilities of transplant ...
GI Resp tract Lecture 11 2015
GI Resp tract Lecture 11 2015

... corticosteroids to the mother (over a period of about 24 hours) prior to delivery of infants between 26-34 weeks. Post-natally, aerosolized surfactant can be administered to infants with suspected RDS. From the 1960’s until recently, the protein components of surfactant therapy were derived from ani ...
Histology and Embryology Self Test Book
Histology and Embryology Self Test Book

... 5. junctional complex An attachment point between epithelial cells composed of a number of complex structures, including desmosomes, tight junctions, adherent junction and gap junctions. 6. basement membrane ...
Leukemia 2012 Paula
Leukemia 2012 Paula

... {{Patients with cancer often become acquainted with one another, and these friendships provide support. Depression. Treatment for depression has proven benefits for people living with cancer. Depression is an illness that should be treated even when a person is undergoing CML treatment. Seek medical ...
BIOLOGY I - one credit - COMPETENCIES AND OBJECTIVES
BIOLOGY I - one credit - COMPETENCIES AND OBJECTIVES

... 2. Describe the biochemical basis of life and explain how energy flows within and between the living systems. a. Explain and compare with the use of examples the types of bond formation (e.g., covalent, ionic, hydrogen, etc.) between or among atoms. (DOK 2)  Subatomic particles and arrangement in a ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... “I’m Jimmy Carter, 39th President” “I am made of an enormous number of atoms” “Which come together to create molecules” “Which can organize to create cell organelles” “Many organelles can form a living cell.” “Many specialized cells form tissues.” “Specialized tissues can form organs.” “Many organs ...
Morphogenesis of intestinal villi
Morphogenesis of intestinal villi

... fragments was delayed by about 24 h as compared to cultured intact duodenal fragments. After culturing in MEM for 48 h the epithelia formed ridges in nine of the twelve fragments. Four of the fragments had formed six or more ridges (Fig. 4); the others formed two or three ridges. In most cases the r ...
Microtubule
Microtubule

... when neither microtubule growth nor shortening can be detected (2). Overall microtubule dynamics due to dynamic instability is best described as "dynamicity," which measures the sum of visually detectable tubulin dimer exchange per unit time at the ends of microtubules. These dynamic properties are ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Whereby the Apical Ectodermal
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Whereby the Apical Ectodermal

... stylopod and ending with formation of the autopod (Saunders, 1948). As the limb grows outward from the body wall, differences along each axis can be observed which allow for normal function of the vertebrate limb: the proximal bone structure is much different than the distal bone structure, the form ...
Sugar-Regulated Expression of a Putative
Sugar-Regulated Expression of a Putative

... Different lengths of the promoter of grape (Vitis vinifera) VvHT1 (Hexose Transporter 1) gene, which encodes a putative hexose transporter expressed during the ripening of grape, have been transcriptionally fused to the ␤-glucuronidase reporter gene. In transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) transfo ...
Cerebral artery - Association of Surgical Technologists
Cerebral artery - Association of Surgical Technologists

... layer, attached to the lateral zygoma surface of the temporal bone, and a deeper layer, attached to the medial zygomatic border. The fascia is opened and split near the frontozygomatic process. The outer fascial layer is reflected forward toward the orbit and forms a sleeve to protect the nerve to t ...
Department of Biological Sciences 63
Department of Biological Sciences 63

... In the cells that make up our bodies, a wide variety of macromolecules including proteins move quickly at the velocity of several meters per second using thermal energy. However, that is not useful for the long-distance transportation to the specific direction in the cells because the direction of t ...
Hematopoietic cells expressing the peripheral cannabinoid receptor
Hematopoietic cells expressing the peripheral cannabinoid receptor

... Two distinct cannabinoid receptors have previously been identified: the central1 (Cb1) and the peripheral (Cb2) cannabinoid receptor.2 In retrovirally induced murine leukemia, proviral insertions frequently occur in the gene encoding Cb2, suggesting that the peripheral cannabinoid receptor is an onc ...
PDF
PDF

... fragments was delayed by about 24 h as compared to cultured intact duodenal fragments. After culturing in MEM for 48 h the epithelia formed ridges in nine of the twelve fragments. Four of the fragments had formed six or more ridges (Fig. 4); the others formed two or three ridges. In most cases the r ...
Living together in biofilms: the microbial cell factory and its
Living together in biofilms: the microbial cell factory and its

... concentrations of rhamnolipids alter cell-surface properties by increasing the hydrophobicity of the cell, which increases its surface affinity and therefore its initial surface adherence [40, 48, 49]. However, the overproduction of rhamnolipids inhibits biofilm formation, blocks cellular aggregatio ...
AN ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE STUDY OF NATURALLY
AN ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE STUDY OF NATURALLY

... pili was difficult to determine but was about 4.5 nm. There appeared to be no difference in the thickness of pili from different strains. The length typically exceeded 6 pm and was variable. The commonest was designated pilus a; according to Brinton’s nomenclature (1965) these pili could be classifi ...
Chapter 2 - William Stallings, Data and Computer
Chapter 2 - William Stallings, Data and Computer

... • network alerts end systems of growing congestion using – backward explicit congestion notification – forward explicit congestion notification ...
Competition with pathogens in mucosal colonization
Competition with pathogens in mucosal colonization

... cells re-suspended in Eagle MEM. Paradoxically, the intensity of the adherence rate was higher when live bacterial cultures were used, as compared to bacterial washed sediments, meaning that the intensity of adherence to the cellular substrate is depending on the gradient of some bacterial compounds ...
Body Systems Working Together
Body Systems Working Together

... remove waste and excess water from the body, and the kidneys will conserve water as necessary. The skin also conserves water by covering the body. • The ultimate control of homeostasis is accomplished by the nervous system (for rapid responses such as reflexes to avoid picking up a hot pot off the s ...
Overview of the Circulatory System
Overview of the Circulatory System

... In all animals, except a few simple types, the circulatory system is used to transport nutrients and gases through the body. Simple diusion allows some water, nutrient, waste, and gas exchange into primitive animals that are only a few cell layers thick; however, bulk ow is the only method by whic ...
Localization of Phospholamban in Smooth Muscle
Localization of Phospholamban in Smooth Muscle

... the degree of labeling of the cytoplasmic membranes of smooth muscle cells is less than that observed in similar preparations of canine cardiac muscle (unpublished observations) and it often forms small patches. A striking feature of these cells is that the outer nuclear envelope is quite heavily la ...
Body Systems Working Together
Body Systems Working Together

... remove waste and excess water from the body, and the kidneys will conserve water as necessary. The skin also conserves water by covering the body. • The ultimate control of homeostasis is accomplished by the nervous system (for rapid responses such as reflexes to avoid picking up a hot pot off the s ...
Anatomy – Exam 1 (Part 2)
Anatomy – Exam 1 (Part 2)

...  Causes cells to release a bunch of biogenic amines and results in carcinoid syndrome, flushing of skin, diarrhea, heart problems  Lamina Propria – loose fibroelastic CT running longitudinally (perpendicular to cross section) ...
J Exp Med. 2009 Aug 31;206(9):1899-911. Epub 2009 Aug 3.
J Exp Med. 2009 Aug 31;206(9):1899-911. Epub 2009 Aug 3.

... and Brucella abortus, it appears that induction of type I IFN is via a novel cytosolic pathway and is independent of TLRs. It has been suggested that these pathogens trigger the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, but neither the host sensors nor the bacterial ligands that trigger cytosolic induction of ...
Glucose Metabolism in T Cells and Monocytes: New Perspectives in
Glucose Metabolism in T Cells and Monocytes: New Perspectives in

... 2014a). The pathogenesis of HIV disease is characterized by chronic immune activation, inflammation and increased oxidative stress. Even in the presence of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), chronic immune activation persists and is associated with, and predictive of, incomplete CD4 + T cell rec ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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