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Excretory System
Excretory System

... Through the production/formation of perspiration (sweat), the skin gets rid of excess water, salts and urea through the pores. ...
Red Blood Cells - Aplastic Anemia and MDS International Foundation
Red Blood Cells - Aplastic Anemia and MDS International Foundation

... production of all three types of blood cells. Bone marrow damage may be caused by exposure to toxins, chemicals, viruses, or drugs. In most cases, the exact cause is not known but likely related to an autoimmune attack against the bone marrow stem cells. MDS also involves injury to the stem cells i ...
microcircuitry of bipolar cells in cat retina1
microcircuitry of bipolar cells in cat retina1

... the strata of the inner plexiform layer (Sl to S5) in which each arborized. Because we reconstructed a small portion of the bipolar cells in this strip of retina (perhaps 5 to 20% of the total), it was not possible to determine the relative abundance of any one type. Profiles in the inner plexiform ...
Biology-N5-Past-Paper-Questions-Multicellular
Biology-N5-Past-Paper-Questions-Multicellular

... Draw lines to link each structure with the enzyme(s) that it produces. Each structure may be linked to more than one enzyme. ...
Chapter 6 Microscopy (AFM)
Chapter 6 Microscopy (AFM)

... detail of the sample is translated from the electronic response of the van der Waal’s forces of attraction between the tip of the cantilever and the sample which is monitored and recorded (Dufrene and Müller, 2005). As the probe tip scans, the varying topographic features result in deflections betwe ...
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... agar, and several species can be grown as mass cultures in liquid media containing glucose and peptone, or in a defined mixture of amino acids and vitamins. This greatly facilitates the isolation and purification of cellular products for biochemical analysis and proteomics, and allows various analyt ...
Guard cells in albino leaf patches do not respond to
Guard cells in albino leaf patches do not respond to

... Terry 2004a). In addition, Nf affects the transcription rates of a large number of other genes encoding proteins that are not transported to chloroplasts (McCormac & Terry 2004b). The latter changes in gene transcription, to some extent, may be due to low levels of the stress hormone abscisic acid ( ...
Fabrication of novel biomaterials through molecular self
Fabrication of novel biomaterials through molecular self

... peptides to undergo ordered self-assembly, in a process resembling hydrophobic tails have four or more consecutive hydrophobic amino acids (see figures in refs. 33–35). For example, the peptide V6D some situations found in well-studied polymer assemblies. A broad range of peptides and proteins have ...
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A New Paradigm in Cellular Biology Gerson, Ling, Cope, Sodi
A New Paradigm in Cellular Biology Gerson, Ling, Cope, Sodi

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contour profile® tissue expander with bufferzone® area english

... Patient Groups in which the product is contraindicated: The use of this expander is contraindicated in patients who have any of the following conditions: • Implanted devices such as pacemakers, drug infusion devices, artificial sensing devices, etc., that would be affected by a magnetic field. • Act ...
Genetically Encoded Spy Peptide Fusion System to
Genetically Encoded Spy Peptide Fusion System to

... Since the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system gave efficient labeling under optimal live cell conditions, we tested its impact on neuronal function in primary neuronal cultures commonly used for microbial opsin characterization and refinement (Mattis et al., 2012). Application of the Catcher-GFP directly to ne ...
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH NAME: Mary K. Baylies eRA COMMONS
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH NAME: Mary K. Baylies eRA COMMONS

... pathways interfaced with the tissue specific transcriptional programs remained unknown. Moreover, many of these pathways were used iteratively during muscle development, yet the mechanisms that assured the correct responses in space and time were unclear. Among our achievements in this area, we show ...
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... cell Ig synthesis, can also mediate cell death. Using the CD27 cytoplasmic tail as the bait in yeast two hybrid assay, we previously cloned human Siva, a pro-apoptotic molecule. Here we report the characterization of the mouse Siva gene as a 4 kb sequence containing 4 exons and 3 introns. RT ± PCR h ...
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Angiography - St. Martinus University
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Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion

... Prevention and management of the infections caused by such pathogens would obviously benefit from understanding the manner in which they circumvent and often co-opt the immune response. This, in turn, requires detailed knowledge of the basic mechanisms underlying phagocytosis. To this end, we briefl ...
The allocation of early blastomeres to the ectoderm and endoderm
The allocation of early blastomeres to the ectoderm and endoderm

... normal embryo. For example, mesomeres differentiate into endoderm if cultured as isolated pairs or if obtained from subequatorially cleaving embryos (Henry et al., 1989). As the normal fate of mesomeres is to form ectoderm (Cameron and Davidson, 1991), this suggests that signaling between the mesome ...
A Shift toward Smaller Cell Size via Manipulation of Cell Cycle Gene
A Shift toward Smaller Cell Size via Manipulation of Cell Cycle Gene

... transgenic plants in which either AtCYCD3;1 expression could be induced or AtRBR1 expression could be repressed via the supply of an exogenous chemical, dexamethasone (DEX; Supplemental Fig. S1). Molecular analysis of transgenic plants generated using these constructs confirmed that following treatm ...
2009-2010 Course Syllabus for Intro to Biology
2009-2010 Course Syllabus for Intro to Biology

... 2. Describe the biochemical basis of life and explain how energy flows within and between the living systems. a. Explain and compare with the use of examples the types of bond formation (e.g., covalent, ionic, hydrogen, etc.) between or among atoms. (DOK 2) Subatomic particles and arrangement in ato ...
The end products of aerobic respiration are?
The end products of aerobic respiration are?

... alveolar wall, the capillary wall and a thin layer that lies between them. Respiration includes inhalation, expiration processes during inspiration the volume of the chest cavity is increased as the diaphragm contracts dome flattens out, its internal pressure decreases and the air from the outside r ...
Biology-N5-Past-Paper-Questions-Multicellular
Biology-N5-Past-Paper-Questions-Multicellular

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CHAPTER 35: PROTISTS
CHAPTER 35: PROTISTS

... a. Fuse with lysosomes containing digestive enzymes b. Digested molecules absorbed across vacuole membrane c. Food vacuole decreases in size F. Reproduction 1. Generally reproduce asexually 2. Sexual reproduction occurs only in time of stress 3. Asexual reproduction involved mitosis, but may be quit ...
a Gene Encoding a Putative Signal Transduction Receptor in
a Gene Encoding a Putative Signal Transduction Receptor in

... The gene encoding this RNA was designated ASI2, for anlagen stage induced 2. Because the cloned DNA contained only about 350 bp of the ASI2 open reading frame, two rounds of inverse PCR were done to obtain the full ASI2 gene (Materials and Methods). Inverse PCR products were cloned and sequenced (G ...
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Pausing of Golgi Bodies on Microtubules Regulates

... Plant growth and organ formation depend on the oriented deposition of load-bearing cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall. Cellulose is synthesized by plasma membrane–bound complexes containing cellulose synthase proteins (CESAs). Here, we establish a role for the cytoskeleton in intracellular traf ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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