Chara Myosin and the Energy of Cytoplasmic Streaming
... fluorescent spots on actin cables probably represent artifactual myosin stack due to fixation. Glutaraldehyde cannot stop all myosin molecules at once. If one myosin molecule stops moving due to the glutaraldehyde fixation, it will disturb other myosin molecules following the same actin track. This ...
... fluorescent spots on actin cables probably represent artifactual myosin stack due to fixation. Glutaraldehyde cannot stop all myosin molecules at once. If one myosin molecule stops moving due to the glutaraldehyde fixation, it will disturb other myosin molecules following the same actin track. This ...
Lipopolysaccharide modulates neutrophil recruitment and
... change in acute inflammation? and 3) What are the molecular mechanisms of LPS-induced changes in lymphatic contractions? To address these questions, we designed a series of experiments to specifically delineate the association of two key innate immune cell populations, neutrophils and macrophages, w ...
... change in acute inflammation? and 3) What are the molecular mechanisms of LPS-induced changes in lymphatic contractions? To address these questions, we designed a series of experiments to specifically delineate the association of two key innate immune cell populations, neutrophils and macrophages, w ...
Diatoms
... 2. What unique color do the chloroplasts of most diatoms share? 3. True or false, diatoms can be found in both fresh and salt water. 4. The asexual division of diatoms leaves each daughter with how much of the cell wall? 5. The cell walls of diatoms are made of what material? 6. Although diatoms are ...
... 2. What unique color do the chloroplasts of most diatoms share? 3. True or false, diatoms can be found in both fresh and salt water. 4. The asexual division of diatoms leaves each daughter with how much of the cell wall? 5. The cell walls of diatoms are made of what material? 6. Although diatoms are ...
Comparison of fermentation rates of a wild-type and
... of 0.6413 was reported (p-value not ≤ 0.05). Our prediction, the pattern of ethanol production being the same for both wild-type and mutant strains, is supported by our results. Figure 4 shows the ethanol concentrations per cell of both the wild-type and mutant strains continuing to increase throug ...
... of 0.6413 was reported (p-value not ≤ 0.05). Our prediction, the pattern of ethanol production being the same for both wild-type and mutant strains, is supported by our results. Figure 4 shows the ethanol concentrations per cell of both the wild-type and mutant strains continuing to increase throug ...
Plasma membrane HATPase regulation is required for auxin
... in a situation where light comes from a different side (rotated by 90 degrees) than in the original simulations. As our hypocotyl cross section and others that we found in the literature (Gendreau et al, 1997; Crowell et al, 2011) are not perfectly symmetric under (discrete) rotations, different dir ...
... in a situation where light comes from a different side (rotated by 90 degrees) than in the original simulations. As our hypocotyl cross section and others that we found in the literature (Gendreau et al, 1997; Crowell et al, 2011) are not perfectly symmetric under (discrete) rotations, different dir ...
CHAPTER 3: Early tissue patterning is recreated by MEFs in... Figure 5: Osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of MEFs cultured in
... we analyzed the presence of link protein, a component of the proteoglycans responsible for stabilizing the link between Aggrecan molecules and Hyaluronan polymers [67]. On the one hand, Real time PCR analysis has showed that link protein is upregulated in MEFs cultured in RAD16-I in comparison to ME ...
... we analyzed the presence of link protein, a component of the proteoglycans responsible for stabilizing the link between Aggrecan molecules and Hyaluronan polymers [67]. On the one hand, Real time PCR analysis has showed that link protein is upregulated in MEFs cultured in RAD16-I in comparison to ME ...
a gene required for dorsoventrality of leaves in
... The wild-type line, JI.75, was produced at the John Innes Institute, Norwich, UK (Harrison and Carpenter, 1979). The mutants phanambigua (phan-250G) and phanantiqua (phan-249G), originally isolated by Baur (1926) were obtained from Zentralinstitut für Genetik und Kulturflanzenforschung, Gatersleben, ...
... The wild-type line, JI.75, was produced at the John Innes Institute, Norwich, UK (Harrison and Carpenter, 1979). The mutants phanambigua (phan-250G) and phanantiqua (phan-249G), originally isolated by Baur (1926) were obtained from Zentralinstitut für Genetik und Kulturflanzenforschung, Gatersleben, ...
At the border: the plasma membrane–cell wall continuum
... et al., 2009). However, the CesA proteins were not identified in other proteomic studies of DRMs (Borner et al., 2005; Morel et al., 2006; Lefebvre et al., 2007), probably due to the different plant species and different extraction methods used. Indeed, the large size of the CSCs makes them difficul ...
... et al., 2009). However, the CesA proteins were not identified in other proteomic studies of DRMs (Borner et al., 2005; Morel et al., 2006; Lefebvre et al., 2007), probably due to the different plant species and different extraction methods used. Indeed, the large size of the CSCs makes them difficul ...
At the border: the plasma membrane–cell wall
... 1556 | Liu et al. et al., 2009). However, the CesA proteins were not identified in other proteomic studies of DRMs (Borner et al., 2005; Morel et al., 2006; Lefebvre et al., 2007), probably due to the different plant species and different extraction methods used. Indeed, the large size of the CSCs ...
... 1556 | Liu et al. et al., 2009). However, the CesA proteins were not identified in other proteomic studies of DRMs (Borner et al., 2005; Morel et al., 2006; Lefebvre et al., 2007), probably due to the different plant species and different extraction methods used. Indeed, the large size of the CSCs ...
PDF - SAGE Journals
... LPL-facilitated uptake of lipoproteins is potentially of high importance in the brain, because lipoprotein uptake by neuronal cells is relevant for structural and functional integrity of synapses (Mauch et al. 2001; Göritz et al. 2005; Fester et al. 2009), and changes in lipoprotein metabolism have ...
... LPL-facilitated uptake of lipoproteins is potentially of high importance in the brain, because lipoprotein uptake by neuronal cells is relevant for structural and functional integrity of synapses (Mauch et al. 2001; Göritz et al. 2005; Fester et al. 2009), and changes in lipoprotein metabolism have ...
Using monoclonal antibodies to label living root hairs: a novel tool
... Figure 2 Live cell LM15 labeling of wild type (wt) Arabidopsis root hairs. A: Overview of live root demonstrating strong LM15 labeling of root hairs (arrows) and epidermis (hollow arrow). Bar = 100 μm. B: Magnified view of a root hair labeled with LM15 (arrow). Bar = 19 μm. C and D: LM15 labeling of ...
... Figure 2 Live cell LM15 labeling of wild type (wt) Arabidopsis root hairs. A: Overview of live root demonstrating strong LM15 labeling of root hairs (arrows) and epidermis (hollow arrow). Bar = 100 μm. B: Magnified view of a root hair labeled with LM15 (arrow). Bar = 19 μm. C and D: LM15 labeling of ...
Prodigiosin - an antibacterial red pigment produced by Serratia
... obtained and was used for spectral analysis. Fifty microgram of dried red pigment was dissolved in 10.0 ml of absolute ethanol and in order to get an acidic condition, 1.0 ml of 1.0 M HCl was added into the solution. To get an alkaline solution, 1.0 ml of 1.0 M NaOH was added and to get a neutral co ...
... obtained and was used for spectral analysis. Fifty microgram of dried red pigment was dissolved in 10.0 ml of absolute ethanol and in order to get an acidic condition, 1.0 ml of 1.0 M HCl was added into the solution. To get an alkaline solution, 1.0 ml of 1.0 M NaOH was added and to get a neutral co ...
Molecular paleontology and complexity in the last eukaryotic
... Figure 2. Possible scenarios for the FECA to LECA transition. The top schema depicts the periods of prokaryotic (blue) and eukaryotic (red) evolution, separated by a transition period, which is expanded for clarity. Relative distances on the x-axis are arbitrary, and note that the earliest times sho ...
... Figure 2. Possible scenarios for the FECA to LECA transition. The top schema depicts the periods of prokaryotic (blue) and eukaryotic (red) evolution, separated by a transition period, which is expanded for clarity. Relative distances on the x-axis are arbitrary, and note that the earliest times sho ...
Here - Muscle Health Research Centre
... maturing skeletal muscle with expression expanding to include all skeletal muscles as the animal reaches maturity (10). That said, endogenous mRNA levels of Xin in healthy, uninjured, adult skeletal muscle are observed to be low (10), and protein expression appears to be primarily localized to the m ...
... maturing skeletal muscle with expression expanding to include all skeletal muscles as the animal reaches maturity (10). That said, endogenous mRNA levels of Xin in healthy, uninjured, adult skeletal muscle are observed to be low (10), and protein expression appears to be primarily localized to the m ...
Carbon partitioning in sugarcane (Saccharum species)
... by apoplastic acid invertase into glucose and fructose. These in turn are transported by hexose carriers, with sucrose re-synthesis occurring in the cytoplasm prior to vacuolar storage (Figure 1). Transporters of the plasma membrane appear to play an important role not only in phloem loading and unl ...
... by apoplastic acid invertase into glucose and fructose. These in turn are transported by hexose carriers, with sucrose re-synthesis occurring in the cytoplasm prior to vacuolar storage (Figure 1). Transporters of the plasma membrane appear to play an important role not only in phloem loading and unl ...
Arabidopsis Kinetochore Fiber-Associated MAP65-4
... Although the basic MT behavior necessary for creating and organizing cortical MT bundles has been revealed by dynamic imaging and genetic studies (Ehrhardt, 2008; Wasteneys and Ambrose, 2009), our knowledge of the organization and functioning of MT bundles within the acentrosomal plant mitotic spind ...
... Although the basic MT behavior necessary for creating and organizing cortical MT bundles has been revealed by dynamic imaging and genetic studies (Ehrhardt, 2008; Wasteneys and Ambrose, 2009), our knowledge of the organization and functioning of MT bundles within the acentrosomal plant mitotic spind ...
An Auxin Gradient and Maximum in the Arabidopsis
... of different sizes, we normalized their IAA concentrations according to their weight, calculated from size measurements, as follows. First, the diameter of the GFP-expressing protoplasts was measured using light microscopy, and the average cell size for each line was calculated (Figure 2A). The volu ...
... of different sizes, we normalized their IAA concentrations according to their weight, calculated from size measurements, as follows. First, the diameter of the GFP-expressing protoplasts was measured using light microscopy, and the average cell size for each line was calculated (Figure 2A). The volu ...
Exploration of peptide motifs for potent non
... largely overcome this problem, and provide a simple, safe and powerful approach for non-viral gene therapy. Methods We explored the functional properties of two motifs: the (Lys)16 motif (for binding and condensing DNA, and probably also nuclear translocation of plasmids) and the fusogenic peptide m ...
... largely overcome this problem, and provide a simple, safe and powerful approach for non-viral gene therapy. Methods We explored the functional properties of two motifs: the (Lys)16 motif (for binding and condensing DNA, and probably also nuclear translocation of plasmids) and the fusogenic peptide m ...
RalA ACTIVATION ASSAY BIOCHEM KIT
... and to carefully maintain cell lines in accordance with the guidelines given below. Adherent cells should be ready at 70 - 90% confluence or for non-adherent cells at approximately 3 x 105 cells per ml. Briefly, cells are seeded at 0.5 x 104 per ml (approximately 5 x 104 cells per 10 cm dish) and gr ...
... and to carefully maintain cell lines in accordance with the guidelines given below. Adherent cells should be ready at 70 - 90% confluence or for non-adherent cells at approximately 3 x 105 cells per ml. Briefly, cells are seeded at 0.5 x 104 per ml (approximately 5 x 104 cells per 10 cm dish) and gr ...
Viral and cellular subnuclear structures in human cytomegalovirus
... dispersed in the presence of IE1. The role of IE1 in Sp100 degradation is unclear. IE1 binding to Sp100 (Kim et al., 2011) may result in Sp100 degradation by an as-yetunknown mechanism. Alternatively, Sp100 degradation may be an indirect result of PML-NB modification by IE1. Other HCMV proteins may ...
... dispersed in the presence of IE1. The role of IE1 in Sp100 degradation is unclear. IE1 binding to Sp100 (Kim et al., 2011) may result in Sp100 degradation by an as-yetunknown mechanism. Alternatively, Sp100 degradation may be an indirect result of PML-NB modification by IE1. Other HCMV proteins may ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Several studies have implicated Zfp281/ZNF281 in regulating stem cell pluripotency and developmental processes. First, an earlier study [17] using transcriptomic profiling of human ESCs and their differentiated progenies identified ZNF281 as one of the upregulated transcriptional regulators in undiffe ...
... Several studies have implicated Zfp281/ZNF281 in regulating stem cell pluripotency and developmental processes. First, an earlier study [17] using transcriptomic profiling of human ESCs and their differentiated progenies identified ZNF281 as one of the upregulated transcriptional regulators in undiffe ...
Functional Regulation of MyD88-Activated Interferon Regulatory
... Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF-5) plays an important role in the innate antiviral and inflammatory response. Specific IRF-5 haplotypes are associated with dysregulated expression of type I interferons and predisposition to autoimmune disorders. IRF-5 is activated by Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) ...
... Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF-5) plays an important role in the innate antiviral and inflammatory response. Specific IRF-5 haplotypes are associated with dysregulated expression of type I interferons and predisposition to autoimmune disorders. IRF-5 is activated by Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) ...
Platelet Adhesion to Exposed Endothelial Cell Extracellular Matrixes
... umbilical endothelial cells (ECs) was studied underflowconditions. ECMs were prepared using a number of physical and chemical methods, and their reactivity toward platelets was morphometrically evaluated, von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibronectin (FN), and 13-hydroxy9-cis,ll-
... umbilical endothelial cells (ECs) was studied underflowconditions. ECMs were prepared using a number of physical and chemical methods, and their reactivity toward platelets was morphometrically evaluated, von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibronectin (FN), and 13-hydroxy9-cis,ll-
Methods for studying root colonization by introduced beneficial
... GFP characterized by its short half-life. The unstable GFP has been constructed by the addition of a short peptide sequence to the C-terminal end of the intact GFP: this modification allows its degradation by bacterial endogenous proteases. Since the GFP produced during bacterial growth does not acc ...
... GFP characterized by its short half-life. The unstable GFP has been constructed by the addition of a short peptide sequence to the C-terminal end of the intact GFP: this modification allows its degradation by bacterial endogenous proteases. Since the GFP produced during bacterial growth does not acc ...