Mutations in the non-helical linker segment L1
... Coulombe et al., 1991a; Fuchs et al., 1992). These mice exhibit skin blistering upon mild physical trauma. In the most severe cases, tonofilament clumping and cell degeneration occur in either basal or suprabasal cells, depending upon whether a K14 or a K10 mutant gene is expressed. These features a ...
... Coulombe et al., 1991a; Fuchs et al., 1992). These mice exhibit skin blistering upon mild physical trauma. In the most severe cases, tonofilament clumping and cell degeneration occur in either basal or suprabasal cells, depending upon whether a K14 or a K10 mutant gene is expressed. These features a ...
Human Physiology
... promotes satiety following meals Substance P is a pain NT Endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphin are endogenous opioid NTs Promote analgesia and mediate many placebo effects Effects are blocked by naloxone, an opiate antagonist Neuropeptide Y is most common neuropeptide Inhibits glutamate in hi ...
... promotes satiety following meals Substance P is a pain NT Endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphin are endogenous opioid NTs Promote analgesia and mediate many placebo effects Effects are blocked by naloxone, an opiate antagonist Neuropeptide Y is most common neuropeptide Inhibits glutamate in hi ...
Flamingo controls the planar polarity of sensory
... Bingwei Lu*, Tadao Usui†, Tadashi Uemura‡, Lily Jan* and Yuh-Nung Jan* The sensory bristles of the fruit fly Drosophila are organized in a polarized fashion such that bristles on the thorax point posteriorly. These bristles are derived from asymmetric division of sensory organ precursors (SOPs). The ...
... Bingwei Lu*, Tadao Usui†, Tadashi Uemura‡, Lily Jan* and Yuh-Nung Jan* The sensory bristles of the fruit fly Drosophila are organized in a polarized fashion such that bristles on the thorax point posteriorly. These bristles are derived from asymmetric division of sensory organ precursors (SOPs). The ...
Symplasmic networks in secondary vascular tissues
... a great distance, while a strong axial sink, the vascular cambium and its rapidly expanding derivatives, is just several cells away from the phloem along the entire length of the stem. Parenchyma storing carbohydrates in both xylem and phloem may function as diffuse, local sources—even of water—and ...
... a great distance, while a strong axial sink, the vascular cambium and its rapidly expanding derivatives, is just several cells away from the phloem along the entire length of the stem. Parenchyma storing carbohydrates in both xylem and phloem may function as diffuse, local sources—even of water—and ...
Passive transport disrupts directional path integration
... the preferred firing directions of HD cells, with familiar landmark cues usually exerting preferential control over HD cell activity (Blair 1996; Goodridge and Taube 1995; Knierim et al. 1995; Taube and Burton 1995; Taube et al. 1990b, 1996). Taube and Burton (1995) demonstrated that when a rat self ...
... the preferred firing directions of HD cells, with familiar landmark cues usually exerting preferential control over HD cell activity (Blair 1996; Goodridge and Taube 1995; Knierim et al. 1995; Taube and Burton 1995; Taube et al. 1990b, 1996). Taube and Burton (1995) demonstrated that when a rat self ...
Functional Analysis of the Cellulose Synthase
... A reverse genetic approach was used to investigate the functions of three members of the cellulose synthase superfamily in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE D1 (CSLD1), CSLD2, and CSLD4. CSLD2 is required for normal root hair growth but has a different role from that previo ...
... A reverse genetic approach was used to investigate the functions of three members of the cellulose synthase superfamily in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE D1 (CSLD1), CSLD2, and CSLD4. CSLD2 is required for normal root hair growth but has a different role from that previo ...
Natriuretic Factor
... Probably not. The in vitro effects of synthetic ANF on the production of aldosterone in cell cultures from the bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa ...
... Probably not. The in vitro effects of synthetic ANF on the production of aldosterone in cell cultures from the bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa ...
Reciprocal myocardial-endocardial interactions
... Several endocardial-derived factors have previously been reported to be inducers of fast conduction fate in myocardial cells at later stages of heart development (Gourdie et al., 1998; Hall et al., 2004; Patel and Kos, 2005; Rentschler et al., 2002; Sedmera et al., 2008; TakebayashiSuzuki et al., 20 ...
... Several endocardial-derived factors have previously been reported to be inducers of fast conduction fate in myocardial cells at later stages of heart development (Gourdie et al., 1998; Hall et al., 2004; Patel and Kos, 2005; Rentschler et al., 2002; Sedmera et al., 2008; TakebayashiSuzuki et al., 20 ...
The role of the secondary cell wall in plant resistance to pathogens
... fungus P. cucumerina, the vascular bacterium R. solanacearum and the vascular oomycete Pythium irregulare (Table 1; Godiard et al., 2003; Llorente et al., 2005; Adie et al., 2007). The enhanced susceptibility to P. cucumerina and the cell wall features of the er mutant, including its reduced xylose ...
... fungus P. cucumerina, the vascular bacterium R. solanacearum and the vascular oomycete Pythium irregulare (Table 1; Godiard et al., 2003; Llorente et al., 2005; Adie et al., 2007). The enhanced susceptibility to P. cucumerina and the cell wall features of the er mutant, including its reduced xylose ...
Molecular mapping of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in focal
... reaching average FI values of >30.0 (Fig. 1A,B). This was the case when paxillin was expressed as donor (fused to CFP) and SH2 expressed as acceptor (fused to YFP) and vice versa. These results indicate that tyrosine-phosphorylated residues are located at ‘FRET range’ from the paxillin-fused fluorop ...
... reaching average FI values of >30.0 (Fig. 1A,B). This was the case when paxillin was expressed as donor (fused to CFP) and SH2 expressed as acceptor (fused to YFP) and vice versa. These results indicate that tyrosine-phosphorylated residues are located at ‘FRET range’ from the paxillin-fused fluorop ...
Spt4 modulates Rad26 requirement in transcription
... pro®le within the RPB2 and URA3 genes revealed, in addition to intergenic variations, a distinct region of Rad26-independent TCR, localized in a small region directly downstream of the transcription start site (Tijsterman et al., 1997). This region of Rad26-independent TCR ranges from +1 to about +4 ...
... pro®le within the RPB2 and URA3 genes revealed, in addition to intergenic variations, a distinct region of Rad26-independent TCR, localized in a small region directly downstream of the transcription start site (Tijsterman et al., 1997). This region of Rad26-independent TCR ranges from +1 to about +4 ...
Article Satb2 Regulates Callosal Projection Neuron Identity in the Developing Cerebral Cortex Neuron
... callosal axons were likely derived from deep-layer Satb2+ neurons, since layer 5 cells are the earliest in the CP to extend callosal axons (Ozaki and Wahlsten, 1998). However, some labeled axons may belong to migrating layer 2/3 neurons, which extend axons to the contralateral cortex by E19 in mouse ...
... callosal axons were likely derived from deep-layer Satb2+ neurons, since layer 5 cells are the earliest in the CP to extend callosal axons (Ozaki and Wahlsten, 1998). However, some labeled axons may belong to migrating layer 2/3 neurons, which extend axons to the contralateral cortex by E19 in mouse ...
Session 381 Lens physiology and biomechanics II
... allowed the differences of mean values, which were statistically significant with p ≤ 0.05, to be determined. Conclusions: Human lenses differ not only because of age, but also because of the varying health histories of the donors. Thus, single donor and/or single eye experiments are critical. It is ...
... allowed the differences of mean values, which were statistically significant with p ≤ 0.05, to be determined. Conclusions: Human lenses differ not only because of age, but also because of the varying health histories of the donors. Thus, single donor and/or single eye experiments are critical. It is ...
Disruption of gradient expression of Zic3 resulted in abnormal intra
... The dynamic changes in expression patterns of the Zic3 gene appear to correlate with the progression of neurogenesis and axonogenesis inside the retina. It is known that the ganglion cells at the center of the retina differentiate and extend their axons first, followed by cells at more peripheral lo ...
... The dynamic changes in expression patterns of the Zic3 gene appear to correlate with the progression of neurogenesis and axonogenesis inside the retina. It is known that the ganglion cells at the center of the retina differentiate and extend their axons first, followed by cells at more peripheral lo ...
Control of Cell Pattern in the Neural Tube: Motor Neuron Induction
... shown) cells and did not express detectable levels of ChAT mRNA when grown alone for up to 72 hr in vitro (Figure 2B). Although motor neuron markers were not detected, labeling with the general neuronal marker 3AlO (Figure 2C) indicated that many neurons differentiated over the 48 hr period that int ...
... shown) cells and did not express detectable levels of ChAT mRNA when grown alone for up to 72 hr in vitro (Figure 2B). Although motor neuron markers were not detected, labeling with the general neuronal marker 3AlO (Figure 2C) indicated that many neurons differentiated over the 48 hr period that int ...
Enzymes for Cell Dissociation and Lysis - Sigma
... histolyticum, or are recombinant versions where E. coli expresses a gene cloned from C. histolyticum. We provide a lot reservation service. You may purchase small quantities from one or more lots and reserve larger quantities until your evaluation is complete. The different collagenase products in t ...
... histolyticum, or are recombinant versions where E. coli expresses a gene cloned from C. histolyticum. We provide a lot reservation service. You may purchase small quantities from one or more lots and reserve larger quantities until your evaluation is complete. The different collagenase products in t ...
Chromosome Segregation in Budding Yeast: Sister Chromatid
... Farcas et al. 2011). This provides further support for the topological embrace model and is consistent with the idea that sliding of cohesin along chromatin fibers is normally prevented by the presence of chromatin-bound proteins. The fact that 26-kb circular and 42-kb linear minichromosomes, which, ...
... Farcas et al. 2011). This provides further support for the topological embrace model and is consistent with the idea that sliding of cohesin along chromatin fibers is normally prevented by the presence of chromatin-bound proteins. The fact that 26-kb circular and 42-kb linear minichromosomes, which, ...
Multiple classes of yeast mutants are defective in vacuole
... the complementation groups exhibit normal vacuolar morphology. Zygote studies revealed that these vac mutants are also defective in intervacuole communication. Although at least four pathways of protein delivery to the vacuole are known, only the Vps pathway seems to significantly overlap with vacuo ...
... the complementation groups exhibit normal vacuolar morphology. Zygote studies revealed that these vac mutants are also defective in intervacuole communication. Although at least four pathways of protein delivery to the vacuole are known, only the Vps pathway seems to significantly overlap with vacuo ...
Space to grow: interplay between growth and patterning in plant
... 1), patterns arise from cell division, changes of cell shape, in the composition of cell walls and cytoskeleton and upon reaching a fully differentiated state [5]. Obviously, patterning and growth are firmly related to shape organisms and they have been well studied in recent years. In this review, ...
... 1), patterns arise from cell division, changes of cell shape, in the composition of cell walls and cytoskeleton and upon reaching a fully differentiated state [5]. Obviously, patterning and growth are firmly related to shape organisms and they have been well studied in recent years. In this review, ...
A role for actin in regulating apoptosis/programmed cell death
... reception of an apoptotic stimulus leads to an increase in the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane, allowing proapoptotic molecules such as cytochrome c, AIF1 (apoptosisinducing factor 1) and Endo G (endonuclease G) to be released from the intermembrane space into the cytoplasm. Cytochr ...
... reception of an apoptotic stimulus leads to an increase in the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane, allowing proapoptotic molecules such as cytochrome c, AIF1 (apoptosisinducing factor 1) and Endo G (endonuclease G) to be released from the intermembrane space into the cytoplasm. Cytochr ...
Simvastatin Reduces MMP1 Expression in Human Smooth Muscle
... stroke.1,2 Therefore, a pharmacological intervention aimed at inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation may have beneficial effects on the development of atherosclerotic plaques and their stability. Extracellular matrix not only provides a scaffold for mechanical support and tissue organization bu ...
... stroke.1,2 Therefore, a pharmacological intervention aimed at inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation may have beneficial effects on the development of atherosclerotic plaques and their stability. Extracellular matrix not only provides a scaffold for mechanical support and tissue organization bu ...
Animal mitochondrial biogenesis and function
... The mitochondrial genome is replicated and transcribed within the organelle. Both mtDNA replication and transcription have been characterised mainly in mammals where the cis-elements responsible for the regulation of these processes are mostly located within a small non-coding DNA fragment, the D-lo ...
... The mitochondrial genome is replicated and transcribed within the organelle. Both mtDNA replication and transcription have been characterised mainly in mammals where the cis-elements responsible for the regulation of these processes are mostly located within a small non-coding DNA fragment, the D-lo ...
Late Endosomal/Lysosomal Targeting and Lack of Recycling of the
... endothelin receptors, the mode of internalization has been analyzed only for the ETA receptor. In stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the receptor was found to reside in caveolae and to be internalized after binding of ET1 (Chun et al., 1994). Because a significant portion of the i ...
... endothelin receptors, the mode of internalization has been analyzed only for the ETA receptor. In stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the receptor was found to reside in caveolae and to be internalized after binding of ET1 (Chun et al., 1994). Because a significant portion of the i ...
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Containing Neurons and
... mice reduced the total number of GnRH neurons throughout the migratory route [52]. Recent studies were performed to investigate the role of polysialic acid in the migration of GnRH neurons [73]. Mouse embryos on day 12 of gestation (E12) were treated with endoneuraminidase (endo-N), an enzyme that s ...
... mice reduced the total number of GnRH neurons throughout the migratory route [52]. Recent studies were performed to investigate the role of polysialic acid in the migration of GnRH neurons [73]. Mouse embryos on day 12 of gestation (E12) were treated with endoneuraminidase (endo-N), an enzyme that s ...