The Lymphatic System
... Lymph capillaries Closed-ended vessels Lined by endothelium 1-way flaps into capillary Allows passage of tissue fluid, large proteins, bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, cell debris ...
... Lymph capillaries Closed-ended vessels Lined by endothelium 1-way flaps into capillary Allows passage of tissue fluid, large proteins, bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, cell debris ...
Identification of Genes Involved in the Assembly and Biosynthesis of... N
... Figure 1.2: Arrangements of flagella on a bacterial cell .................................................................. 7 Figure 1.3: Assembly of the bacterial flagellum .............................................................................. 9 Figure 1.4: Twitching motility using the Ty ...
... Figure 1.2: Arrangements of flagella on a bacterial cell .................................................................. 7 Figure 1.3: Assembly of the bacterial flagellum .............................................................................. 9 Figure 1.4: Twitching motility using the Ty ...
PDF - The Gould Lab
... Experiment 1: delay conditioning with a very long delay. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU; 200 mg/kg), a marker of dividing cells. One week later, rats underwent 800 trials of eyeblink conditioning (200 trials/d for 4 d) using a trace (n ⫽ 8), delay (n ⫽ 7), or very ...
... Experiment 1: delay conditioning with a very long delay. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU; 200 mg/kg), a marker of dividing cells. One week later, rats underwent 800 trials of eyeblink conditioning (200 trials/d for 4 d) using a trace (n ⫽ 8), delay (n ⫽ 7), or very ...
Methods for distinguishing between protein-coding and
... by ribonucleoprotein complexes other than translating 80S ribosomes, since some footprints were found on canonical ncRNAs that are certainly not translated such as the RNA components of RNAse P and telomerase, and since the the lengths of these footprints were different than those of RPFs from canon ...
... by ribonucleoprotein complexes other than translating 80S ribosomes, since some footprints were found on canonical ncRNAs that are certainly not translated such as the RNA components of RNAse P and telomerase, and since the the lengths of these footprints were different than those of RPFs from canon ...
Local contrast in natural images: normalisation
... we can calculate the maximum information it can convey from the distribution of its responses using the statistical measure of entropy. Tolhurst (1989) estimated the amount of information transmitted about image contrast by V1 neurons in the cat, using response histograms generated by grating stimul ...
... we can calculate the maximum information it can convey from the distribution of its responses using the statistical measure of entropy. Tolhurst (1989) estimated the amount of information transmitted about image contrast by V1 neurons in the cat, using response histograms generated by grating stimul ...
LRRK2 and neuroinflammation: partners in crime
... in brain cells [26]; they observed that both neurons and astrocytes (but not microglia) express a transcript variant containing the alternative exon 42a, which results in a premature stop codon and a predicted protein of 2152 amino acids long. This finding is intriguing, as it suggests that LRRK2 fu ...
... in brain cells [26]; they observed that both neurons and astrocytes (but not microglia) express a transcript variant containing the alternative exon 42a, which results in a premature stop codon and a predicted protein of 2152 amino acids long. This finding is intriguing, as it suggests that LRRK2 fu ...
Staphylococcus aureus , and Streptococcus pneumoniae , coli
... Subjects at the University of Iowa. PMN were isolated using dextran sedimentation and Hypaque-Ficoll (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ) density-gradient separation, followed by hypotonic lysis of erythrocytes as previously described (18). Purified PMNs were resuspended in 0.9% saline before use ...
... Subjects at the University of Iowa. PMN were isolated using dextran sedimentation and Hypaque-Ficoll (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ) density-gradient separation, followed by hypotonic lysis of erythrocytes as previously described (18). Purified PMNs were resuspended in 0.9% saline before use ...
the signaling role of the accessory receptors cd2 and cd6 in t cell
... by PCR the rat homologue of CD6 and biochemical analysis showed that CD6 interacts with CD5 at the surface of T lymphocytes and that the fraction of CD5 associated with CD6 was highly phosphorylated in kinase assays, in marked contrast with the low level of phosphorylation of CD5 associated with eit ...
... by PCR the rat homologue of CD6 and biochemical analysis showed that CD6 interacts with CD5 at the surface of T lymphocytes and that the fraction of CD5 associated with CD6 was highly phosphorylated in kinase assays, in marked contrast with the low level of phosphorylation of CD5 associated with eit ...
PDF
... of the embryonic haemoglobins have been determined on the haemolysates of 5-day-old embryos and the characterization of the adult haemoglobins on the haemolysates of 1-year-old ducks. In all the chromatographic profiles, in addition to the haemoglobin fractions described above, some materials appear ...
... of the embryonic haemoglobins have been determined on the haemolysates of 5-day-old embryos and the characterization of the adult haemoglobins on the haemolysates of 1-year-old ducks. In all the chromatographic profiles, in addition to the haemoglobin fractions described above, some materials appear ...
Hierarchies of plant stiffness
... effect of these forces is particularly strong in large, long-lived plants such as trees, and the ability of plants to withstand these stresses is dependent on properties of the stem (Section 2.2. below) as well as the distribution of weight and formation of overall leaf canopy shape by the pattern o ...
... effect of these forces is particularly strong in large, long-lived plants such as trees, and the ability of plants to withstand these stresses is dependent on properties of the stem (Section 2.2. below) as well as the distribution of weight and formation of overall leaf canopy shape by the pattern o ...
Archaea - cloudfront.net
... in whole or in sections must include the referral attribution link http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (placed in a visible location) in addition to the following terms. Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12 Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance with the Cre ...
... in whole or in sections must include the referral attribution link http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (placed in a visible location) in addition to the following terms. Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12 Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance with the Cre ...
Regulators of Lysosome Function and Dynamics in Caenorhabditis
... from the biosynthetic pathway to lysosomes, a process referred to as lysosome biogenesis (MULLINS AND BONIFACINO 2001; LUZIO et al. 2003). Much remains to be discovered about molecular regulation of these complex fusion, fission, and reformation reactions in the late endocytic pathway. We had made P ...
... from the biosynthetic pathway to lysosomes, a process referred to as lysosome biogenesis (MULLINS AND BONIFACINO 2001; LUZIO et al. 2003). Much remains to be discovered about molecular regulation of these complex fusion, fission, and reformation reactions in the late endocytic pathway. We had made P ...
Mutations in the Catalytic Domain of Prohormone Convertase 2
... Construction of PC2 Mutants—Mouse PC2 cDNA (obtained from Dr. N. G. Seidah, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada) was first subcloned through blunt-end ligation into the pcDNA3 vector cut at the KpnI site, and this plasmid was used in constructing PC2 mutants. Mutants were gener ...
... Construction of PC2 Mutants—Mouse PC2 cDNA (obtained from Dr. N. G. Seidah, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada) was first subcloned through blunt-end ligation into the pcDNA3 vector cut at the KpnI site, and this plasmid was used in constructing PC2 mutants. Mutants were gener ...
Genetic and molecular identification of genes
... obvious defects in embryo sac development, which were called EDA mutants (for embryo sac development arrest). This category includes mutants that have defects during the nuclear division phase of megagametogenesis (Fig. 2B-D), mutants presenting abnormal nuclear numbers and positions (Fig. 2E), and ...
... obvious defects in embryo sac development, which were called EDA mutants (for embryo sac development arrest). This category includes mutants that have defects during the nuclear division phase of megagametogenesis (Fig. 2B-D), mutants presenting abnormal nuclear numbers and positions (Fig. 2E), and ...
THE RENAL ELECTROGENIC Na+:HCO3 COTRANSPORTER
... HCO3−-dependent and DIDS-sensitive pHi changes, we should have made the assay virtually specific for either a 1:3 or 1:2 electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporter. We emphasize the specificity of the assay because others have attempted to identify electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporters using much less spe ...
... HCO3−-dependent and DIDS-sensitive pHi changes, we should have made the assay virtually specific for either a 1:3 or 1:2 electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporter. We emphasize the specificity of the assay because others have attempted to identify electrogenic Na+:HCO3− cotransporters using much less spe ...
Pretreatment Increases Cytokine-induced NO Production
... inducible NOS (iNOS) is expressed in response to inflammatory cytokines in many cell types including hepatocytes (4), and produces micromolar levels of NO. All of these isotypes are active as homodimers and require NADPH, FAD, FMN, calmodulin, and BH4 (5). The first four cofactors are usually presen ...
... inducible NOS (iNOS) is expressed in response to inflammatory cytokines in many cell types including hepatocytes (4), and produces micromolar levels of NO. All of these isotypes are active as homodimers and require NADPH, FAD, FMN, calmodulin, and BH4 (5). The first four cofactors are usually presen ...
Hairy Root Transformation Using Agrobacterium
... in cortex layers only in the meristematic zone (203). I and J, AtWERpro drives expression in the lateral root cap (I; 203) and all epidermal cells throughout the root (I and J; 203). K, SlCYCD6pro drives expression in the QC and vascular initials (203). L, SlWOX5pro drives expression in the QC and v ...
... in cortex layers only in the meristematic zone (203). I and J, AtWERpro drives expression in the lateral root cap (I; 203) and all epidermal cells throughout the root (I and J; 203). K, SlCYCD6pro drives expression in the QC and vascular initials (203). L, SlWOX5pro drives expression in the QC and v ...
LIU-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... temperature stress will become even more important under global warming, not less. Since temperature also influences the ability to increase freezing resistance through the process of cold acclimation, the ability to acclimate in response to temperature is an important survival mechanism in temperat ...
... temperature stress will become even more important under global warming, not less. Since temperature also influences the ability to increase freezing resistance through the process of cold acclimation, the ability to acclimate in response to temperature is an important survival mechanism in temperat ...
Salicylic Acid Regulates Plasmodesmata Closure
... connections are not permanently set for the rest of a cell’s life. Rather, they undergo various types of structural modifications and degeneration/regeneration processes to meet the specific needs of cells that may set out rapid expansion, different developmental phases or differentiation, or adaption ...
... connections are not permanently set for the rest of a cell’s life. Rather, they undergo various types of structural modifications and degeneration/regeneration processes to meet the specific needs of cells that may set out rapid expansion, different developmental phases or differentiation, or adaption ...
Respiratory Elicitors from Rhizobium meliloti Affect Intact Alfalfa Roots
... cultures contained elicitor activity that was completely removed by adsorption to Bio-Beads. In a typical experiment, in which sterile root-hair-bearing root segments respired 0.92 6 0.15 mmol CO2 g21 fresh weight h21 (mean 6 se) and living Rm1021 bacterial cells elicited 1.48 6 0.15 mmol CO2 g21 fr ...
... cultures contained elicitor activity that was completely removed by adsorption to Bio-Beads. In a typical experiment, in which sterile root-hair-bearing root segments respired 0.92 6 0.15 mmol CO2 g21 fresh weight h21 (mean 6 se) and living Rm1021 bacterial cells elicited 1.48 6 0.15 mmol CO2 g21 fr ...
Glycosylation of closely spaced acceptor sites in
... cells (Hershey, 1991). Dolichol-linked oligosaccharide pools are low (,1–2 nmol/g of tissue) (Gao and Lehrman, 2002; Kelleher et al., 2001) relative to the amount of the OST (,0.5 nmol/g) (Guth et al., 2004; Kelleher et al., 1992). When tested using in vitro translation systems supplemented with mic ...
... cells (Hershey, 1991). Dolichol-linked oligosaccharide pools are low (,1–2 nmol/g of tissue) (Gao and Lehrman, 2002; Kelleher et al., 2001) relative to the amount of the OST (,0.5 nmol/g) (Guth et al., 2004; Kelleher et al., 1992). When tested using in vitro translation systems supplemented with mic ...
Genetic and molecular identification of genes
... obvious defects in embryo sac development, which were called EDA mutants (for embryo sac development arrest). This category includes mutants that have defects during the nuclear division phase of megagametogenesis (Fig. 2B-D), mutants presenting abnormal nuclear numbers and positions (Fig. 2E), and ...
... obvious defects in embryo sac development, which were called EDA mutants (for embryo sac development arrest). This category includes mutants that have defects during the nuclear division phase of megagametogenesis (Fig. 2B-D), mutants presenting abnormal nuclear numbers and positions (Fig. 2E), and ...
MAPK-mediated Phosphorylation of GATA-1 Promotes Expression and Cell Survival* Bcl-X □
... phosphatase, the same hypophosphorylated GATA-1 was observed (data not shown). These data suggested that GATA-1 is ...
... phosphatase, the same hypophosphorylated GATA-1 was observed (data not shown). These data suggested that GATA-1 is ...
Receptor Activation and Homer Differentially Control the Lateral
... Briefly, for each cell, clusters were detected using a threshold level set at twice the average fluorescence level measured on the whole-cell surface. The percentage of fluorescence in clusters was calculated relative to the whole-cell fluorescence. The relative receptor density, R, was calculated a ...
... Briefly, for each cell, clusters were detected using a threshold level set at twice the average fluorescence level measured on the whole-cell surface. The percentage of fluorescence in clusters was calculated relative to the whole-cell fluorescence. The relative receptor density, R, was calculated a ...