PDF
... where Lim1 is expressed differentially (Fig. 2K,M, arrows). Crosssections through the Hensen’s node region of stage 6 embryos revealed specific activation of BMP signaling in lateral mesoderm, including the prospective anterior IM regions (Fig. 2O,P). These results support previous studies that sugg ...
... where Lim1 is expressed differentially (Fig. 2K,M, arrows). Crosssections through the Hensen’s node region of stage 6 embryos revealed specific activation of BMP signaling in lateral mesoderm, including the prospective anterior IM regions (Fig. 2O,P). These results support previous studies that sugg ...
A novel role for microglia in minimizing excitotoxicity | BMC Biology
... manner [3]. Following these studies, many have called for rebranding ‘resting’ microglia as ‘monitoring’ microglia or some more descriptive appellation in keeping with our increasing understanding of what they do. A recent study by Knut Biber and colleagues in the Journal of Neuroinflammation now si ...
... manner [3]. Following these studies, many have called for rebranding ‘resting’ microglia as ‘monitoring’ microglia or some more descriptive appellation in keeping with our increasing understanding of what they do. A recent study by Knut Biber and colleagues in the Journal of Neuroinflammation now si ...
Root Hairs. Plant Cell Monographs.
... develop without rhizobia attaching to and colonizing the root surface. (For more on nodule development, see Limpens and Bisseling 2008). Although a completely attachment-minus (Att−) rhizobial mutant has not been described, numerous mutants affected in attachment to the root surface have been isolat ...
... develop without rhizobia attaching to and colonizing the root surface. (For more on nodule development, see Limpens and Bisseling 2008). Although a completely attachment-minus (Att−) rhizobial mutant has not been described, numerous mutants affected in attachment to the root surface have been isolat ...
Full-Text PDF
... capillaris Thunb. in the form of anti-osteoclastic effect and responsible bioactive compounds. The contents of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid A, and scoparone in Artemisia capillaris hydroethanolic extract (ACHE) were 38.53, 0.52, 4.07, 3.03, 13.90, an ...
... capillaris Thunb. in the form of anti-osteoclastic effect and responsible bioactive compounds. The contents of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid A, and scoparone in Artemisia capillaris hydroethanolic extract (ACHE) were 38.53, 0.52, 4.07, 3.03, 13.90, an ...
PDF
... at the dorsal edge of the advancing epidermis play a central role in driving DC. In these dorsal-most epidermal (DME) cells, the actin cytoskeleton becomes planar polarized, with a contractile actomyosin cable and dynamic filopodial actin protrusions forming at the leading edge of each cell (Jacinto ...
... at the dorsal edge of the advancing epidermis play a central role in driving DC. In these dorsal-most epidermal (DME) cells, the actin cytoskeleton becomes planar polarized, with a contractile actomyosin cable and dynamic filopodial actin protrusions forming at the leading edge of each cell (Jacinto ...
This is an author produced version of a paper
... CL316243 by iself induced a 5-fold increase in PKB phosphorylation which was decreased by almost 80% in the presence of H89, indicating an important role for PKA in this process. As was the case for insulin- [34] and insulin+CL316243-induced Ser 473/4 phosphorylation of PKB (data not shown), CL3162 ...
... CL316243 by iself induced a 5-fold increase in PKB phosphorylation which was decreased by almost 80% in the presence of H89, indicating an important role for PKA in this process. As was the case for insulin- [34] and insulin+CL316243-induced Ser 473/4 phosphorylation of PKB (data not shown), CL3162 ...
Induction of Apoptosis through B-cell Receptor Cross-linking
... benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-DL-Asp, a broad spectrum caspase inhibitor did not inhibit BcR-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition but did block DNA fragmentation. These results suggest a crucial role for de novo generated C16 ceramide in the execution of AICD, and they further suggest ...
... benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-DL-Asp, a broad spectrum caspase inhibitor did not inhibit BcR-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition but did block DNA fragmentation. These results suggest a crucial role for de novo generated C16 ceramide in the execution of AICD, and they further suggest ...
Reciprocal regulation of IL-23 and IL-12 following co
... receptor co-stimulation (Fig. 4D). These results therefore suggest that, although the mechanisms mediating this response are different, the down-regulation of IL-12 occurs in both of these cell types and is dependent on signaling induced through Dectin-1. One possible mechanism of IL-12 down-regulat ...
... receptor co-stimulation (Fig. 4D). These results therefore suggest that, although the mechanisms mediating this response are different, the down-regulation of IL-12 occurs in both of these cell types and is dependent on signaling induced through Dectin-1. One possible mechanism of IL-12 down-regulat ...
Characterization of the effects of antiepileptic drugs on bone
... Bone is constantly being molded and shaped by the action of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. A proper equilibrium between both cell types metabolic activities is required to ensure an adequate skeletal tissue structure, and it involves resorption of old bone and formation of new bone tissue. It is repor ...
... Bone is constantly being molded and shaped by the action of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. A proper equilibrium between both cell types metabolic activities is required to ensure an adequate skeletal tissue structure, and it involves resorption of old bone and formation of new bone tissue. It is repor ...
Some unanswered questions in radiation biology
... proliferation rates, especially as / ratio is itself related to proliferation. Linkage of RBE with Oxygen Enhancement Ratio [OER] Explaining above through key gene/biological attributes ...
... proliferation rates, especially as / ratio is itself related to proliferation. Linkage of RBE with Oxygen Enhancement Ratio [OER] Explaining above through key gene/biological attributes ...
Slide 1
... limiting enzyme in the synthesis pathway of these catecholamines, converts tyrosine into 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylanine, also known as levodopa (L-DOPA) (Gelman, 2003). L-DOPA is converted to dopamine by an enzyme called L-amino acid decarboxylase (L-AADC). Dopamine is then converted into norepinephrine ...
... limiting enzyme in the synthesis pathway of these catecholamines, converts tyrosine into 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylanine, also known as levodopa (L-DOPA) (Gelman, 2003). L-DOPA is converted to dopamine by an enzyme called L-amino acid decarboxylase (L-AADC). Dopamine is then converted into norepinephrine ...
REACTIVATION IN VITRO OF IMMUNOCOMPETENCE IN
... excluding the possibility of direct participation of thymus cells in the reaction; and (c) furthermore, preliminary studies2 have shown thymus activity in the system with thin filters of 0.3 or 0.1 # porosity. These results are in llne with observations made in vivo, suggesting an indirect effect of ...
... excluding the possibility of direct participation of thymus cells in the reaction; and (c) furthermore, preliminary studies2 have shown thymus activity in the system with thin filters of 0.3 or 0.1 # porosity. These results are in llne with observations made in vivo, suggesting an indirect effect of ...
Induction of MicroRNA-1 by Myocardin in Smooth Muscle Cells
... myocardin-inducible SMCs, but not in control cells with empty vectors (Figure 1B and data not shown). Of note, after 3 days of Dox induction, the miR-1 level in cultured SMCs became comparable to that in intact carotid artery (Figure 1B). Subsequently, we used Northern blot assay to confirm the expr ...
... myocardin-inducible SMCs, but not in control cells with empty vectors (Figure 1B and data not shown). Of note, after 3 days of Dox induction, the miR-1 level in cultured SMCs became comparable to that in intact carotid artery (Figure 1B). Subsequently, we used Northern blot assay to confirm the expr ...
Upstream-binding factor is sequestered into herpes simplex virus
... The nucleolus is a dynamic multi-protein structure whose primary role is the synthesis of rRNA followed by processing and incorporation of rRNA into functional ribosomes for export to the cytoplasm. However, in the past few decades it has become clear that the nucleolus plays a role in very diverse ...
... The nucleolus is a dynamic multi-protein structure whose primary role is the synthesis of rRNA followed by processing and incorporation of rRNA into functional ribosomes for export to the cytoplasm. However, in the past few decades it has become clear that the nucleolus plays a role in very diverse ...
PLANT IN VITRO TRANSCRIPTION SYSTEMS
... expression of genes. Transcription is the essential regulatory step for the expression of nuclear genes encoding not only mRNAs but also stable RNAs, and this in turn involves a complex set of nucleic acid–protein and protein-protein interactions. Our current understanding of the fundamental and int ...
... expression of genes. Transcription is the essential regulatory step for the expression of nuclear genes encoding not only mRNAs but also stable RNAs, and this in turn involves a complex set of nucleic acid–protein and protein-protein interactions. Our current understanding of the fundamental and int ...
Document
... existence of an AFL-carcinogenesis pathway in humans in addition to the established PanIN/IPMN pathway (Figure 1)[34]. Since lobulocentric atrophy can be identified by endoscopic ultrasound and magnetic resonance tomography, its strong association with PDAC precursors can be used to identify high-ri ...
... existence of an AFL-carcinogenesis pathway in humans in addition to the established PanIN/IPMN pathway (Figure 1)[34]. Since lobulocentric atrophy can be identified by endoscopic ultrasound and magnetic resonance tomography, its strong association with PDAC precursors can be used to identify high-ri ...
Transcription-associated recombination in eukaryotes: link between
... a triple neomycin repeat recombination substrate (48). This suggests that TAR may play a role in maintaining genomic stability by preventing the use of non-transcribed pseudogenes as donors during gene conversion (48). Overall, the available data in mammalian cells suggest that TAR and DSB-induced H ...
... a triple neomycin repeat recombination substrate (48). This suggests that TAR may play a role in maintaining genomic stability by preventing the use of non-transcribed pseudogenes as donors during gene conversion (48). Overall, the available data in mammalian cells suggest that TAR and DSB-induced H ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF CLC Cl − CHANNELS
... resulting in proteins that, while retaining their ability to associate with wild-type subunits, cause the missorting or degradation of the resulting abnormal dimer. No dimerization signals have been identified in CLC channels. However, genetic data and in vitro studies indicate that most, if not all ...
... resulting in proteins that, while retaining their ability to associate with wild-type subunits, cause the missorting or degradation of the resulting abnormal dimer. No dimerization signals have been identified in CLC channels. However, genetic data and in vitro studies indicate that most, if not all ...
Staphylococcus aureus Response to Neutrophil Extracellular Trap
... each year in North America alone (14). S. aureus has evolved multiple mechanisms of inhibiting neutrophil phagocytosis by interfering with complement activation and preventing Fc receptor binding to Ab immobilized to S. aureus (15–18). Even if S. aureus is phagocytosed, it can survive inside neutrop ...
... each year in North America alone (14). S. aureus has evolved multiple mechanisms of inhibiting neutrophil phagocytosis by interfering with complement activation and preventing Fc receptor binding to Ab immobilized to S. aureus (15–18). Even if S. aureus is phagocytosed, it can survive inside neutrop ...
A Role for the Cytoskeleton in Heart Looping
... The shaping of tissues during organ development requires cell migrations, cell shape changes, and bending of epithelial sheets to form tubular structures that, in turn, undergo subsequent morphogenetic movements until the final shape of the organ is achieved[30,31]. These described morphogenetic cha ...
... The shaping of tissues during organ development requires cell migrations, cell shape changes, and bending of epithelial sheets to form tubular structures that, in turn, undergo subsequent morphogenetic movements until the final shape of the organ is achieved[30,31]. These described morphogenetic cha ...
A Comparison of the Oxidation of Clozapine and Olanzapine to
... clozapine has been limited because it causes agranulocytosis in almost 1% of patients treated with the drug (Safferman et al., 1992; Alvir et al., 1993; Atkin et al., 1996). The mechanism of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis is unknown. A possible mechanism involving a toxic serum factor with charac ...
... clozapine has been limited because it causes agranulocytosis in almost 1% of patients treated with the drug (Safferman et al., 1992; Alvir et al., 1993; Atkin et al., 1996). The mechanism of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis is unknown. A possible mechanism involving a toxic serum factor with charac ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... Myofibrils in vertebrate cardiac and skeletal muscles are characterized by groups of proteins arranged in contractile units or sarcomeres, which consist of four major components – thin filaments, thick filaments, titin and Zbands. The thin actin/tropomyosin-containing filaments are embedded in the Z ...
... Myofibrils in vertebrate cardiac and skeletal muscles are characterized by groups of proteins arranged in contractile units or sarcomeres, which consist of four major components – thin filaments, thick filaments, titin and Zbands. The thin actin/tropomyosin-containing filaments are embedded in the Z ...
The Lymphatic System
... Lymph capillaries Closed-ended vessels Lined by endothelium 1-way flaps into capillary Allows passage of tissue fluid, large proteins, bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, cell debris ...
... Lymph capillaries Closed-ended vessels Lined by endothelium 1-way flaps into capillary Allows passage of tissue fluid, large proteins, bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, cell debris ...
Organ-Level Quorum Sensing Directs Regeneration in Hair Stem
... As discussed below, the collective HF response to injury may be seen as an example of quorum sensing, a form of social behavior in which population decisions depend on the density of signaling individuals within a given spatial territory (Bassler, 2002; Pratt, 2005). In order to gain insights into t ...
... As discussed below, the collective HF response to injury may be seen as an example of quorum sensing, a form of social behavior in which population decisions depend on the density of signaling individuals within a given spatial territory (Bassler, 2002; Pratt, 2005). In order to gain insights into t ...