Multiscale Systems Analysis of Root Growth and
... are fully to realize their potential (Bensoussan et al., 1978; Mei and Vernescu, 2010). Significant subtleties arise in their application, notably in accounting for non-negligible cumulative effects that may arise from processes that do not appear significant on the finer scales. That such developments ...
... are fully to realize their potential (Bensoussan et al., 1978; Mei and Vernescu, 2010). Significant subtleties arise in their application, notably in accounting for non-negligible cumulative effects that may arise from processes that do not appear significant on the finer scales. That such developments ...
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... family of tetrapod-restricted transcriptional factors that coevolved with ERVs (Emerson and Thomas, 2009; Friedman et al., 1996; Thomas and Schneider, 2011; Urrutia, 2003). KAP1 has previously been demonstrated to maintain ERVs in a silent state in embryonic stem (ES) cells via the histone methyltra ...
... family of tetrapod-restricted transcriptional factors that coevolved with ERVs (Emerson and Thomas, 2009; Friedman et al., 1996; Thomas and Schneider, 2011; Urrutia, 2003). KAP1 has previously been demonstrated to maintain ERVs in a silent state in embryonic stem (ES) cells via the histone methyltra ...
Pathogenicity and Commensalism Recognition Contribute to Fungal
... forces driving the evolution of the DC-mediated IR. Although much progress has been made in the study of the immune system under challenge from fungal pathogens, there remain numerous aspects of the tolerogenic response in fungi normally under control that are poorly understood. Understanding the me ...
... forces driving the evolution of the DC-mediated IR. Although much progress has been made in the study of the immune system under challenge from fungal pathogens, there remain numerous aspects of the tolerogenic response in fungi normally under control that are poorly understood. Understanding the me ...
Imaging alterations of cardiomyocyte cAMP microdomains in disease
... to a change of cGMP/cAMP cross-talk in a way that cGMP, which is produced by GC-A stimulated with increased levels of natriuretic peptides in hypertrophy, leads to augmentation of the far-reaching β1 -AR-cAMP pools coupled to increase in force and frequency of contraction (Perera et al., 2015). This ...
... to a change of cGMP/cAMP cross-talk in a way that cGMP, which is produced by GC-A stimulated with increased levels of natriuretic peptides in hypertrophy, leads to augmentation of the far-reaching β1 -AR-cAMP pools coupled to increase in force and frequency of contraction (Perera et al., 2015). This ...
examination by electron microscopy of the interaction between
... outside the bacterial cell wall. Organisms found deeper within the macrophage cytoplasm are associated with vacuoles in which the limiting membrane is more tightly apposed to the ingested organism leaving only a relatively narrow, intervening peribacillary space. This space is filled with a dense, f ...
... outside the bacterial cell wall. Organisms found deeper within the macrophage cytoplasm are associated with vacuoles in which the limiting membrane is more tightly apposed to the ingested organism leaving only a relatively narrow, intervening peribacillary space. This space is filled with a dense, f ...
Electrochemical detection of biological reactions using a novel nano
... electrode surface, therefore, providing improved signal to noise ratio, faster response time, enhanced analytical performance and increased sensitivity [1]. These characteristics result in more sensitive and rapid detection of biochemical and physiological processes that are essential for basic rese ...
... electrode surface, therefore, providing improved signal to noise ratio, faster response time, enhanced analytical performance and increased sensitivity [1]. These characteristics result in more sensitive and rapid detection of biochemical and physiological processes that are essential for basic rese ...
Directed and random mutation
... this early mutant inherit the mutation a large number of mutants will be present ...
... this early mutant inherit the mutation a large number of mutants will be present ...
Mechanisms of enveloped RNA virus budding
... have shown that the cellular protein Tsg101 (tumor susceptibility gene 101) binds to the PTAP late domain of HIV Gag and facilitates the final stages of virus release [11–14] (Fig. 2a). Tsg101 also seems to be involved in the release of other pathogenic human viruses because structural proteins in b ...
... have shown that the cellular protein Tsg101 (tumor susceptibility gene 101) binds to the PTAP late domain of HIV Gag and facilitates the final stages of virus release [11–14] (Fig. 2a). Tsg101 also seems to be involved in the release of other pathogenic human viruses because structural proteins in b ...
Progress Report on Reduced-Lignin Alfalfa: Part I, Plant Modifications
... to the cow. Alfalfa would be a better energy source if more carbohydrates within cells were available. Alfalfa cell walls make up the fiber portion of the plant, and alfalfa DM contains between 30-80% fiber. Fiber content is usually dependent on maturity. However, only about 50% of alfalfa fiber is ...
... to the cow. Alfalfa would be a better energy source if more carbohydrates within cells were available. Alfalfa cell walls make up the fiber portion of the plant, and alfalfa DM contains between 30-80% fiber. Fiber content is usually dependent on maturity. However, only about 50% of alfalfa fiber is ...
Cardiac Stem Cells and Mechanisms of Myocardial Regeneration
... Unexpectedly, these multiple approaches had a rather uniform outcome that consisted of variable degrees of improvement in cardiac contractile function. Most likely, the implanted cells formed a passive graft, which reduced negative remodeling by decreasing the stiffness of the scarred portion of the ...
... Unexpectedly, these multiple approaches had a rather uniform outcome that consisted of variable degrees of improvement in cardiac contractile function. Most likely, the implanted cells formed a passive graft, which reduced negative remodeling by decreasing the stiffness of the scarred portion of the ...
Recent advances in X-chromosome inactivation
... chromosome in cis and triggers its inactivation. The Xic is also implicated in critical steps upstream of cis-inactivation, such as ‘counting’, whereby only a single X chromosome will remain active per diploid autosome set, with inactivation of supernumerary X chromosomes, and ‘choice’, whereby one ...
... chromosome in cis and triggers its inactivation. The Xic is also implicated in critical steps upstream of cis-inactivation, such as ‘counting’, whereby only a single X chromosome will remain active per diploid autosome set, with inactivation of supernumerary X chromosomes, and ‘choice’, whereby one ...
Grape Berry Vacuole - American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
... system displays modifications in vacuole number, size, and composition. As referred to above, fruit volumetric growth after veraison primarily results from vacuolar enlargement by incorporation of water and solute. The complexity of the vacuolar system offers a rich field of future work for plant bi ...
... system displays modifications in vacuole number, size, and composition. As referred to above, fruit volumetric growth after veraison primarily results from vacuolar enlargement by incorporation of water and solute. The complexity of the vacuolar system offers a rich field of future work for plant bi ...
Regulation of Heat Shock Response in Yeast and - E
... the same set of genes. Yet the structure and function of different cell types vary greatly. This is because only a fraction of the genes is expressed within any given cell at a given time. The pattern of gene expression is what distinguishes a skin cell from a liver cell, and a cancerous cell from a ...
... the same set of genes. Yet the structure and function of different cell types vary greatly. This is because only a fraction of the genes is expressed within any given cell at a given time. The pattern of gene expression is what distinguishes a skin cell from a liver cell, and a cancerous cell from a ...
Analysis of the paralysed trypanosome mutant snl-1
... posterior end of the cell. The flagellum is attached throughout most of its length to a region of the cell body termed the flagellum attachment zone (Kohl and Gull, 1998). The basal body of the flagellum is tightly connected to the kinetoplast, the condensed DNA of the single mitochondrion (Robinson ...
... posterior end of the cell. The flagellum is attached throughout most of its length to a region of the cell body termed the flagellum attachment zone (Kohl and Gull, 1998). The basal body of the flagellum is tightly connected to the kinetoplast, the condensed DNA of the single mitochondrion (Robinson ...
Involvement of antimicrobial peptides in mussel defence
... slides for 5 minutes at 1,000 rpm in a cytospin. After 1 hour incubation in TBS (0.1 M Tris, pH 7.5, 0.9% NaCl) containing 3% normal goat serum (NGS), the cells were incubated overnight at 20°C in TBS containing 1:500 mouse anti-defensin antiserum, 10 µg/ml rabbit antimytilin IgG, 2% NGS, 0.01% Trit ...
... slides for 5 minutes at 1,000 rpm in a cytospin. After 1 hour incubation in TBS (0.1 M Tris, pH 7.5, 0.9% NaCl) containing 3% normal goat serum (NGS), the cells were incubated overnight at 20°C in TBS containing 1:500 mouse anti-defensin antiserum, 10 µg/ml rabbit antimytilin IgG, 2% NGS, 0.01% Trit ...
Nitric Oxide Acts as an Antioxidant and Delays Programmed Cell
... infected with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, for example, NO increased in parallel with other reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted the hypersensitive response and programmed cell death (PCD; Delledonne et al., 1998). In potato (Solanum tuberosum) leaves infected by the pathogen P ...
... infected with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, for example, NO increased in parallel with other reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted the hypersensitive response and programmed cell death (PCD; Delledonne et al., 1998). In potato (Solanum tuberosum) leaves infected by the pathogen P ...
Microtubule-Associated Protein 1B
... Purification of GST-Fusion Proteins. Vectors (pGEX-6P-1) expressing GST-fusions of individual EPAC1 domains in bacteria were generated previously as described in Magiera et al. (2004). GSTfusions of the CAT domain (amino acids 619–881), CAMP domain (amino acids 199–316), Dishevelled, Egl-10, and ple ...
... Purification of GST-Fusion Proteins. Vectors (pGEX-6P-1) expressing GST-fusions of individual EPAC1 domains in bacteria were generated previously as described in Magiera et al. (2004). GSTfusions of the CAT domain (amino acids 619–881), CAMP domain (amino acids 199–316), Dishevelled, Egl-10, and ple ...
Science Jeopardy - Broward County Public Schools
... • ANSWER: Where the genetic material is found in a Prokaryotic cell. • QUESTION: What is cytoplasm? ...
... • ANSWER: Where the genetic material is found in a Prokaryotic cell. • QUESTION: What is cytoplasm? ...
Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces vascular endothelial
... precise mechanism by which CRH induces VEGF secretion has not yet been defined. Here, we show that CRH-induced VEGF release was dose-dependently inhibited by the specific protein kinase A inhibitor H89 or the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580, but not by the specific inh ...
... precise mechanism by which CRH induces VEGF secretion has not yet been defined. Here, we show that CRH-induced VEGF release was dose-dependently inhibited by the specific protein kinase A inhibitor H89 or the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580, but not by the specific inh ...
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... the first 1–2 hours following fertilization, when nuclei undergo 13 rounds of mitotic division without cytokinesis. The absence of membranes between nuclei permits the free diffusion of molecules within the embryonic syncytium. Bicoid and other maternal factors activate the zygotic patterning genes ...
... the first 1–2 hours following fertilization, when nuclei undergo 13 rounds of mitotic division without cytokinesis. The absence of membranes between nuclei permits the free diffusion of molecules within the embryonic syncytium. Bicoid and other maternal factors activate the zygotic patterning genes ...
The Amino Terminus of Gαz is Required for Receptor Recognition
... al., 1997). To determine whether the N-terminus is required for receptor coupling, a reversed chimera tz36, an G␣t1 subunit with the C-terminal 36 residues of G␣z (Fig. 1A, the third construct), was constructed and examined for its ability to couple to DOR. In this assay system, tz36 did not release ...
... al., 1997). To determine whether the N-terminus is required for receptor coupling, a reversed chimera tz36, an G␣t1 subunit with the C-terminal 36 residues of G␣z (Fig. 1A, the third construct), was constructed and examined for its ability to couple to DOR. In this assay system, tz36 did not release ...
Movement and Remodeling of the Endoplasmic
... punctae subtend tubular networks (arrows, Figure 2H). Many punctae seen in the latrunculin b treatment are not so much nodal at the branching or bending points of tubules, as they are on the periphery of the large cisternae (arrows, Figures 3A, 3E, and 3I). Less persistent punctae sometimes appear a ...
... punctae subtend tubular networks (arrows, Figure 2H). Many punctae seen in the latrunculin b treatment are not so much nodal at the branching or bending points of tubules, as they are on the periphery of the large cisternae (arrows, Figures 3A, 3E, and 3I). Less persistent punctae sometimes appear a ...
New and Old Hereditary Forms of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
... sporadically, about 4% are found in association with syndromes of a heritable nature. Over the past 15 years considerable insight into the genetic basis of renal cancer has come from studies of renal cancer families. Identification of the genes involved in the hereditary forms of renal cell carcinom ...
... sporadically, about 4% are found in association with syndromes of a heritable nature. Over the past 15 years considerable insight into the genetic basis of renal cancer has come from studies of renal cancer families. Identification of the genes involved in the hereditary forms of renal cell carcinom ...