Synergistic interaction between C5a and NOD2 signaling
... The innate immune response is a complex process involving multiple pathogen-recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotidebinding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors. Complement is also a critical component of innate immunity. While complement is known to interact ...
... The innate immune response is a complex process involving multiple pathogen-recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotidebinding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors. Complement is also a critical component of innate immunity. While complement is known to interact ...
Alleati per un`antropologia positiva Scienza e Vita in dialogo con AIOM
... di risposta Paolo Marchetti ...
... di risposta Paolo Marchetti ...
Document
... is a protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and acts as a barrier. • Inside the cell is a fluid. This fluid and almost all of its contents are called cytoplasm. ...
... is a protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and acts as a barrier. • Inside the cell is a fluid. This fluid and almost all of its contents are called cytoplasm. ...
Identification of the Protein Storage Vacuole
... These studies clearly demonstrate that multiple types of vacuoles occur not only in a single plant species but also in a single cell. The biological roles of the lytic vacuole present in most cells and PSVs in seed cells are rather clear (Herman and Larkins, 1999; Marty, 1999). The lytic vacuole is ...
... These studies clearly demonstrate that multiple types of vacuoles occur not only in a single plant species but also in a single cell. The biological roles of the lytic vacuole present in most cells and PSVs in seed cells are rather clear (Herman and Larkins, 1999; Marty, 1999). The lytic vacuole is ...
Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylases Have a Function
... xylem cells were labeled during their radial expansion, but surprisingly, more intense labeling was associated with xylem fibers during their secondary wall thickening (Figures 1D and 1F). The activity assay results indicated a function for XET in several tissues and cell types of the poplar stem, s ...
... xylem cells were labeled during their radial expansion, but surprisingly, more intense labeling was associated with xylem fibers during their secondary wall thickening (Figures 1D and 1F). The activity assay results indicated a function for XET in several tissues and cell types of the poplar stem, s ...
Membrane Bistability in Olfactory Bulb Mitral Cells
... remain unclear. The present study therefore further investigated the membrane properties of mitral cells. The results show that mitral cells are bistable, maintaining two levels of membrane potential with different responsiveness to ON input. Active properties of the mitral cell membrane, operating ...
... remain unclear. The present study therefore further investigated the membrane properties of mitral cells. The results show that mitral cells are bistable, maintaining two levels of membrane potential with different responsiveness to ON input. Active properties of the mitral cell membrane, operating ...
Functional Utrastructure of Genlisea (Lentibulariaceae) Digestive
... which divides into two helically twisted arms (Fig. 1A). The digestive hairs have the same simple architecture consisting of three functional compartments: basal cell, middle cell, and a large head formed of four to eight terminal secretory cells (Goebel, 1891; Lloyd, 1942; Reut, 1993; Płachno, 2006 ...
... which divides into two helically twisted arms (Fig. 1A). The digestive hairs have the same simple architecture consisting of three functional compartments: basal cell, middle cell, and a large head formed of four to eight terminal secretory cells (Goebel, 1891; Lloyd, 1942; Reut, 1993; Płachno, 2006 ...
MIMOSA PUDICA L. A SENSITIVE PLANT ABSTRACT Keyword
... early during ontogenetic differentiation), and the second is a longer and narrower type (having a persistent nucleus with one or two nucleoli and cytoplasm). It is generally accepted that the normal function of the sieve tube element is for the transport of solutes along the longitudinal axis of the ...
... early during ontogenetic differentiation), and the second is a longer and narrower type (having a persistent nucleus with one or two nucleoli and cytoplasm). It is generally accepted that the normal function of the sieve tube element is for the transport of solutes along the longitudinal axis of the ...
Ultrastructure of diaphragm from dystrophic α-sarcoglycan
... muscle fibres, we identified a discrete number of heterogeneous cells, large areas containing fields of irregularly arranged collagen fibrils (Fig. 2), split muscle fibre fragments and cell remnants. Some of the interstitial cells were identified as fibroblasts, leukocytes, lymphocytes, or mast cells, cell ...
... muscle fibres, we identified a discrete number of heterogeneous cells, large areas containing fields of irregularly arranged collagen fibrils (Fig. 2), split muscle fibre fragments and cell remnants. Some of the interstitial cells were identified as fibroblasts, leukocytes, lymphocytes, or mast cells, cell ...
Genome-wide analysis of the sox family in the calcareous
... [8,9] and placozoans (Trichoplax adhaerens) [10], they have likely arisen in the last common ancestor to the Metazoa [8]. There is a larger repertoire of Sox genes in cnidarians [11-13] and the ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus [14] than in the demosponges [8,9,15] and the placozoans [10]. Previous ph ...
... [8,9] and placozoans (Trichoplax adhaerens) [10], they have likely arisen in the last common ancestor to the Metazoa [8]. There is a larger repertoire of Sox genes in cnidarians [11-13] and the ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus [14] than in the demosponges [8,9,15] and the placozoans [10]. Previous ph ...
Roots, Stems, Leaves Notes PPT
... tips of the roots and stems. These cells are produced in meristems. ...
... tips of the roots and stems. These cells are produced in meristems. ...
Luciferase reporter assays: Powerful, adaptable tools for cell biology
... investigating questions that involve gene regulation. Here we demonstrate how luciferase technology can be a powerful tool in your research program across a wide area of focus. Bioluminescence encompasses a number of different chemistries evolved for light production and is based on the interaction ...
... investigating questions that involve gene regulation. Here we demonstrate how luciferase technology can be a powerful tool in your research program across a wide area of focus. Bioluminescence encompasses a number of different chemistries evolved for light production and is based on the interaction ...
Monomeric alpha-catenin links cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton
... interacted with Arm in embryonic lysate immunoprecipitates whereas, as expected, αCat1VH1 did not (Fig. 1b). Together, our findings suggest that the α-Cat VH1 and VH3 regions are essential for adherens junction formation. In contrast, the α-Cat CTD is dispensable for α-Cat function in the follicular ...
... interacted with Arm in embryonic lysate immunoprecipitates whereas, as expected, αCat1VH1 did not (Fig. 1b). Together, our findings suggest that the α-Cat VH1 and VH3 regions are essential for adherens junction formation. In contrast, the α-Cat CTD is dispensable for α-Cat function in the follicular ...
Monoclonal antibody 7G3 recognizes the N
... that stimulates production of hematopoietic cells from multiple lineages, including neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, megakaryocytes, erythroid cells, basophils, and B cells.'-6 Recently, IL-3 has also been shown to regulate vascular endothelial cell functions, enhancing adhesion molecule express ...
... that stimulates production of hematopoietic cells from multiple lineages, including neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, megakaryocytes, erythroid cells, basophils, and B cells.'-6 Recently, IL-3 has also been shown to regulate vascular endothelial cell functions, enhancing adhesion molecule express ...
Hallmarks of epithelial to mesenchymal transition are detectable in
... translocates into the nucleus and initiates the expression of EMT-associated genes, such as αSMA, vimentin or TGFβ [18,19]. TGFβ has been shown to regulate expression and activity of the Snail transcription factor family member, SLUG, via β-catenin in epithelial cell systems and SLUG has also be ...
... translocates into the nucleus and initiates the expression of EMT-associated genes, such as αSMA, vimentin or TGFβ [18,19]. TGFβ has been shown to regulate expression and activity of the Snail transcription factor family member, SLUG, via β-catenin in epithelial cell systems and SLUG has also be ...
The nucleolus through the years
... RNA’s transcribed in the nucleolus. Further studies in this direction agreed with such speculation. Moreover, according to recent studies nucleoli possess other RNA species including messenger, transfer and especially small RNA’s. It is known that several small nucleolar RNAs participate in ribosoma ...
... RNA’s transcribed in the nucleolus. Further studies in this direction agreed with such speculation. Moreover, according to recent studies nucleoli possess other RNA species including messenger, transfer and especially small RNA’s. It is known that several small nucleolar RNAs participate in ribosoma ...
ii. synthetic analogues to target the membrane ci-m6pr - HAL
... and die peri-natally [30-32]. As this phenotype can be reversed by a deficiency in IGF-II, it is directly caused by the over-expression of IGF-II. In humans, the soluble levels of CI-M6PR in serum are higher in infants and fall by 40% in adult life to reach a circulating level of about 700 µg/l [33, ...
... and die peri-natally [30-32]. As this phenotype can be reversed by a deficiency in IGF-II, it is directly caused by the over-expression of IGF-II. In humans, the soluble levels of CI-M6PR in serum are higher in infants and fall by 40% in adult life to reach a circulating level of about 700 µg/l [33, ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... model systems, but AP-4 appears to have some role in Golgi to lysosome trafficking (Barois and Bakke 2005) and basolateral redirection (Simmen et al. 2002), although its function has not been demonstrated. The Arabidopsis genome encodes orthologs of animal clathrin-mediated vesicular trafficking pro ...
... model systems, but AP-4 appears to have some role in Golgi to lysosome trafficking (Barois and Bakke 2005) and basolateral redirection (Simmen et al. 2002), although its function has not been demonstrated. The Arabidopsis genome encodes orthologs of animal clathrin-mediated vesicular trafficking pro ...
Recurrent ETNK1 mutations in atypical chronic
... (Suppl. Fig. 1b). No fusions or recurrent copy number abnormalities were detected. The evidence of recurrent, somatic ETNK1 mutations has never been reported in cancer, suggesting that these variants could be restricted to aCML and, possibly, to closely related clonal diseases. Targeted resequencing ...
... (Suppl. Fig. 1b). No fusions or recurrent copy number abnormalities were detected. The evidence of recurrent, somatic ETNK1 mutations has never been reported in cancer, suggesting that these variants could be restricted to aCML and, possibly, to closely related clonal diseases. Targeted resequencing ...
Structure and Function of Plant Cell Wall Proteins
... have now reported the existence of nuclear trans-acting factors that interact with specific cis-acting elements of the carrot extensin gene promoter in a wound-specific and ethylenespecific fashion (Holdsworth and Laties, 1989a, 1989b; Granel1 et al., 1992). Similarly, Wycoff et al. (1991) have carr ...
... have now reported the existence of nuclear trans-acting factors that interact with specific cis-acting elements of the carrot extensin gene promoter in a wound-specific and ethylenespecific fashion (Holdsworth and Laties, 1989a, 1989b; Granel1 et al., 1992). Similarly, Wycoff et al. (1991) have carr ...
Lysosomes and Fas-mediated liver cell death
... in vivo in the Fas apoptotic pathway may be of some help to explore specific therapeutic targets for cell death inhibition in these pathologies [4–6]. Until now, results published on the possible involvement of lysosomes in Fas-induced apoptosis have been mostly obtained ex vivo and are controversia ...
... in vivo in the Fas apoptotic pathway may be of some help to explore specific therapeutic targets for cell death inhibition in these pathologies [4–6]. Until now, results published on the possible involvement of lysosomes in Fas-induced apoptosis have been mostly obtained ex vivo and are controversia ...
Protein phosphatases and the regulation of mitosis
... division. We will therefore focus on this second main group of phosphatases, the serine/threonine-specific phosphatases (PSTPs), and their many roles in mitosis and cytokinesis. PSTPs can be further subdivided into the PPM family of metallo-dependent phosphatases (including PPM1) and the phospho-pro ...
... division. We will therefore focus on this second main group of phosphatases, the serine/threonine-specific phosphatases (PSTPs), and their many roles in mitosis and cytokinesis. PSTPs can be further subdivided into the PPM family of metallo-dependent phosphatases (including PPM1) and the phospho-pro ...
HIV-1 Evolves into a Nonsyncytium-Inducing Virus upon Prolonged
... loss of infectivity on the other cell lines. Although speculative, these differences may be relevant for discerning the mechanism(s) behind each phenotype. Env mutations do not change the coreceptor usage The T-cell tropic LAI virus uses the CXCR4 protein as coreceptor for infection. Because the Env ...
... loss of infectivity on the other cell lines. Although speculative, these differences may be relevant for discerning the mechanism(s) behind each phenotype. Env mutations do not change the coreceptor usage The T-cell tropic LAI virus uses the CXCR4 protein as coreceptor for infection. Because the Env ...