Autophagy_Marc
... the cell within a double-membraned vesicle known as an autophagosome. The autophagosome then fuses with a lysosome and its cargo is degraded and recycled. There are three different forms of autophagy that are commonly described; macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. In the ...
... the cell within a double-membraned vesicle known as an autophagosome. The autophagosome then fuses with a lysosome and its cargo is degraded and recycled. There are three different forms of autophagy that are commonly described; macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. In the ...
Mutations in the conserved carboxy-terminal hydrophobic region of
... in the complementation assay. Mutants G746N, G766N, F770S and P774L showed negligible complementation of K082, whereas mutant G743R showed a reduced activity. Virion particles containing these four mutant glycoproteins also showed a markedly reduced rate of entry compared to the wild-type. The resul ...
... in the complementation assay. Mutants G746N, G766N, F770S and P774L showed negligible complementation of K082, whereas mutant G743R showed a reduced activity. Virion particles containing these four mutant glycoproteins also showed a markedly reduced rate of entry compared to the wild-type. The resul ...
Endocytic membrane fusion and buckling
... Therefore, we investigated the properties and function of FIP3endosome fusion during progression from early to late telophase. To determine whether FIP3- and VAMP8-endosomes actually fuse with the PM during late telophase when PM waves occur, we incubated HeLa cells, transduced with VAMP8–GFP and FI ...
... Therefore, we investigated the properties and function of FIP3endosome fusion during progression from early to late telophase. To determine whether FIP3- and VAMP8-endosomes actually fuse with the PM during late telophase when PM waves occur, we incubated HeLa cells, transduced with VAMP8–GFP and FI ...
PDF - BMC Biotechnology
... the CFU, Figure 1) was high and remained more or less stable throughout the fermentation period. The strain harvested from the sulphite mill (CCUG) failed to ferment SH, but performed quite well in SSL, achieving an ethanol concentration of 11 g L−1 (a yield of 0.31 gethanol g−1 total available hexo ...
... the CFU, Figure 1) was high and remained more or less stable throughout the fermentation period. The strain harvested from the sulphite mill (CCUG) failed to ferment SH, but performed quite well in SSL, achieving an ethanol concentration of 11 g L−1 (a yield of 0.31 gethanol g−1 total available hexo ...
The Plant Cell - Utrecht University Repository
... the wild type showed severe reduction in genetic transmission of the T-DNA only through the female gametes (Table 1). The few kanamycin-resistant plants obtained when the apc2-1 mutant was used as the female parent in the cross with wild-type ...
... the wild type showed severe reduction in genetic transmission of the T-DNA only through the female gametes (Table 1). The few kanamycin-resistant plants obtained when the apc2-1 mutant was used as the female parent in the cross with wild-type ...
Humoral Immune Responses to Epstein-Barr virus encoded Tumor Associated Proteins and
... (4, 26, 30, 31, 36, 42, 45). Previous studies indicated that LMP1 is a protein with a low immunogenicity for the humoral immune response in humans. In NPC only 7.5% (3/40) patients had low serum levels of LMP1 directed antibodies, whereas antibodies to LMP2A/2B were detected at low titer in about 40 ...
... (4, 26, 30, 31, 36, 42, 45). Previous studies indicated that LMP1 is a protein with a low immunogenicity for the humoral immune response in humans. In NPC only 7.5% (3/40) patients had low serum levels of LMP1 directed antibodies, whereas antibodies to LMP2A/2B were detected at low titer in about 40 ...
S1P1 is sufficient to mediate egress (of immature T
... • FTY720 is similar to lipid Sphingosine phosphorylation Potent agonist for lysophospholipid S1P receptor(s) : S1P1 • S1P1: a G-protein coupled receptor • “Signaling sphingolipid” • Can block egress ...
... • FTY720 is similar to lipid Sphingosine phosphorylation Potent agonist for lysophospholipid S1P receptor(s) : S1P1 • S1P1: a G-protein coupled receptor • “Signaling sphingolipid” • Can block egress ...
Bursting thalamic responses in awake monkey contribute to visual
... cortex to thalamus seems to be to enhance local inhibition, which could, in turn, promote burst firing, as a response to a cortically induced attentional state. Thus the cortex seems to be in the intriguing position, where necessary, of establishing its own wake-up call. Historically, the notion tha ...
... cortex to thalamus seems to be to enhance local inhibition, which could, in turn, promote burst firing, as a response to a cortically induced attentional state. Thus the cortex seems to be in the intriguing position, where necessary, of establishing its own wake-up call. Historically, the notion tha ...
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy
... More technical details of various intensity-based FRET and fluorescence lifetime imaging techniques are available online at http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/full/jcb.200210140/DC1. A discussion about the successes of other FRET microscopy techniques is also included. FRET imaging microscopy Whereas li ...
... More technical details of various intensity-based FRET and fluorescence lifetime imaging techniques are available online at http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/full/jcb.200210140/DC1. A discussion about the successes of other FRET microscopy techniques is also included. FRET imaging microscopy Whereas li ...
Chapter 19 Protists
... – food particles are swept in to the oral groove by the cilia – a food vacuole forms at the end of the gullet and is digested by enzymes – the contractile vacuole pumps water out of the cell –They have multiple nuclei – a macronucleus and many small micronuclei contractile vacuole ...
... – food particles are swept in to the oral groove by the cilia – a food vacuole forms at the end of the gullet and is digested by enzymes – the contractile vacuole pumps water out of the cell –They have multiple nuclei – a macronucleus and many small micronuclei contractile vacuole ...
Developmental Biology of a Plant
... these genes are located on large plasmids (pSyms), whereas the slow-growing Bradyrhizobium species carry these genes on the bacterial chromosome. Genes essential for the process of nitrogen fixation include n~andfix, among which are the structural genes for nitrogenase (13). Despite the intrinsic im ...
... these genes are located on large plasmids (pSyms), whereas the slow-growing Bradyrhizobium species carry these genes on the bacterial chromosome. Genes essential for the process of nitrogen fixation include n~andfix, among which are the structural genes for nitrogenase (13). Despite the intrinsic im ...
Biologically Induced Mineralization by Bacteria
... and is phylogenetically associated with the β-subdivision of the Proteobacteria in the Domain Bacteria (Hallbeck et al. 1993). Another group of Fe(II) oxidizers are also microaerophiles and grow at the oxicanoxic interface of semi-solid O2-gradient cultures (Emerson and Moyer 1997). These mesophilic ...
... and is phylogenetically associated with the β-subdivision of the Proteobacteria in the Domain Bacteria (Hallbeck et al. 1993). Another group of Fe(II) oxidizers are also microaerophiles and grow at the oxicanoxic interface of semi-solid O2-gradient cultures (Emerson and Moyer 1997). These mesophilic ...
Tracheary element evolution
... Amongst fossil and extant species, the basic structure of the sieve element is fairly uniform in the cryptograms,. Primary phloem is very poorly known from fossil Gymnosperms and the data presented in the previous two tables is based purely on the secondary phloem. Whilst phloem has been noted in al ...
... Amongst fossil and extant species, the basic structure of the sieve element is fairly uniform in the cryptograms,. Primary phloem is very poorly known from fossil Gymnosperms and the data presented in the previous two tables is based purely on the secondary phloem. Whilst phloem has been noted in al ...
The Arabidopsis repressor of light signaling SPA1
... Phloem-specific as well as mesophyll-specific expression of GUSSPA1 under the control of the SUC2 and CAB3 promoters, respectively, partially complemented the leaf-size phenotype of the spa triple mutant. By contrast, expression of GUS-SPA1 in the epidermis (ML1, CER6), the shoot meristem (KNAT1) or ...
... Phloem-specific as well as mesophyll-specific expression of GUSSPA1 under the control of the SUC2 and CAB3 promoters, respectively, partially complemented the leaf-size phenotype of the spa triple mutant. By contrast, expression of GUS-SPA1 in the epidermis (ML1, CER6), the shoot meristem (KNAT1) or ...
Submembraneous microtubule cytoskeleton: biochemical and
... which becomes especially apparent under microtubules depolymerising conditions such as presence of nocodazol or increased Ca2+ concentrations [28]. TRPV1 channels are nonselective cation channels. Therefore, the role of increased concentration of Ca2+ on the properties of TRPV1–tubulin and ⁄ or TRPV ...
... which becomes especially apparent under microtubules depolymerising conditions such as presence of nocodazol or increased Ca2+ concentrations [28]. TRPV1 channels are nonselective cation channels. Therefore, the role of increased concentration of Ca2+ on the properties of TRPV1–tubulin and ⁄ or TRPV ...
Effects of the regulatory proteins MITF and TFEB on
... Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a part of the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) leucine zipper transcription factor family and has an important role in regulating lysosomal genes and lysosomal biogenesis (Settembre & Ballabio 2011). When TFEB is present in the nucleus it promotes transcription of many ...
... Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a part of the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) leucine zipper transcription factor family and has an important role in regulating lysosomal genes and lysosomal biogenesis (Settembre & Ballabio 2011). When TFEB is present in the nucleus it promotes transcription of many ...
Churchill, a Zinc Finger Transcriptional Activator, Regulates the
... of these; each species appears to have only one gene with these characteristics. Although the differential screen was performed in the extraembryonic area opaca, any genes involved in neural induction must be expressed in the prospective neural plate of the normal embryo. Consistent with this, in si ...
... of these; each species appears to have only one gene with these characteristics. Although the differential screen was performed in the extraembryonic area opaca, any genes involved in neural induction must be expressed in the prospective neural plate of the normal embryo. Consistent with this, in si ...
Chapter 6 Microscopy (AFM)
... Initial attempts to image the bacterial preparations on glass slides proved problematic, and silicon wafers were adopted as the standard substrate for the duration of the study. In contrast to glass slides, the use of silicon also enhanced the location of the samples through the heightened optical ...
... Initial attempts to image the bacterial preparations on glass slides proved problematic, and silicon wafers were adopted as the standard substrate for the duration of the study. In contrast to glass slides, the use of silicon also enhanced the location of the samples through the heightened optical ...
The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the
... EMApositive spindle cells ...
... EMApositive spindle cells ...
fist: an Arabidopsis mutant with altered cell division planes and
... can be compensated for by accelerated growth of wildtype cells (Stewart et al. 1974). Similarly, a maize mutant (tangled-1) with altered cell division orientation has essentially normal leaf shape (Smith et al. 1996). These data suggest that if a defect in cell division rate, cell division orientati ...
... can be compensated for by accelerated growth of wildtype cells (Stewart et al. 1974). Similarly, a maize mutant (tangled-1) with altered cell division orientation has essentially normal leaf shape (Smith et al. 1996). These data suggest that if a defect in cell division rate, cell division orientati ...
- NRC Research Press
... of regional autonomy in their responses, combined with dispersed pacemaker capability, much as in cnidarians (Passano ...
... of regional autonomy in their responses, combined with dispersed pacemaker capability, much as in cnidarians (Passano ...
Positive Regulation of IκB Kinase Signaling by Protein
... defective IKKγ constructs were efficiently integrated into endogenous IKK complexes containing the IKKα and IKKβ catalytic subunits. ...
... defective IKKγ constructs were efficiently integrated into endogenous IKK complexes containing the IKKα and IKKβ catalytic subunits. ...
video slide - Course Notes
... • Stems serve as conduits for water and nutrients, and as supporting structures for leaves. • Phyllotaxy, the arrangement of leaves on a stem, is specific to each species. • Light absorption is affected by the leaf area index, the ratio of total upper leaf surface of a plant divided by the surface a ...
... • Stems serve as conduits for water and nutrients, and as supporting structures for leaves. • Phyllotaxy, the arrangement of leaves on a stem, is specific to each species. • Light absorption is affected by the leaf area index, the ratio of total upper leaf surface of a plant divided by the surface a ...
Co-ordination of signalling elements in guard cell ion
... have shown that I activation is dependent on the K,out co-operative interaction of 2 K+ ions with the channel, but at a site (or sites) distinct from the channel pore. The apparent K for interaction was strongly voltage1/2 dependent, accounting for the equivalence of (negative) membrane voltage and ...
... have shown that I activation is dependent on the K,out co-operative interaction of 2 K+ ions with the channel, but at a site (or sites) distinct from the channel pore. The apparent K for interaction was strongly voltage1/2 dependent, accounting for the equivalence of (negative) membrane voltage and ...