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Using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) - bio-bio-1
Using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) - bio-bio-1

... word matches using log odds scores in the BLOSUM62 amino acid substitution matrix. For the BLAST algorithm, the word length is fixed at 3 (formerly 4) for proteins and 11 for nucleic acids (three if the sequences are translated in all six reading frames). These lengths are the minimum needed to achi ...
A new algorithm for finding maximum likelihood pedigrees New
A new algorithm for finding maximum likelihood pedigrees New

... the maximum likelihood pedigree with 20 individuals takes around one second, and if the number of individuals rises to 29 individuals it takes just over eight minutes. Previously, an exhaustive search over all pedigrees using earlier algorithms on more than a dozen or so individuals would have been ...
Well-Tempered Clavier
Well-Tempered Clavier

... • Preference Rule Systems (Temperley’s Model) – Systems that consider many possible analysis of a piece or passage, evaluates them by certain criteria and chooses the highest-scoring one – Advantages: • Handling of real-time processing • Creates a numerical score for analysis – Problem: A segment co ...
Comparative Analysis
Comparative Analysis

... is protein or DNA. The BLAST programs have been designed for speed, with a minimal sacrifice of sensitivity to distant sequence relationships. The scores assigned in a BLAST search have a well-defined statistical interpretation, making real matches easier to distinguish from random background hits. ...
Bioportal_2010
Bioportal_2010

... sequence in a cluster if the sequence matches at least one sequence already in the cluster. • BLASTCLUST used megablast algorithm for DNA sequences and blastp for protein sequences. • Longest sequence is the representative sequences of each cluster. ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/blast/executables/release/2 ...
Molecular phylogeny, part B
Molecular phylogeny, part B

DNA sequencing - Gene Quantification
DNA sequencing - Gene Quantification

Parallel Computation
Parallel Computation

... • Exchanging messages takes no time (one step in the other model) • Writing to and reading from the memory takes no time and can be shared • We can use as many processors as we wish (for different instances of the same problem different number of processors can be used), but this number is polynomia ...
An evolutionary approach for improving the quality of automatic
An evolutionary approach for improving the quality of automatic

... The second replaces the values of a gene with the value of the preceding gene incremented by one (introduce consecutive sentences in the summary). ...
Introduction to sequence similarity searches and sequence
Introduction to sequence similarity searches and sequence

Introduction
Introduction

... house and randomly turning left or right and walking to the end of the street and back. One night she adds up the street numbers of the houses she passes (excluding her own). The next time she walks the other way she repeats this and finds, to her astonishment, that the two sums are the same. Althou ...
Why Compare sequences?
Why Compare sequences?

... to search for relatives in databanks? link Protein sequences are composed of a 20 aa alphabet determined by 61 degenerate codons. When the DNA sequences are translated into 21 different types of codons (20 aa and a terminator), the information is sharpened up considerably. The 'wrongframe' informati ...
Mining SNPs from public sequence Databases
Mining SNPs from public sequence Databases

Mining Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms from public sequence
Mining Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms from public sequence

... SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) are abundant and useful genetic markers. Software exists to mine them from public data sets, but this doesn’t work in real time. GRID technology could help to deliver up-to-date alignments to users for any query sequence with putative SNPs marked up. Related us ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

voor dia serie SNS
voor dia serie SNS

...  N-body Problem: Given N particles in 3D space, compute all forces between the particles.  Hierarchical Algorithm (Appel 85)  O(N) time (Esselink) ...
生物信息学主要英文术语及释义
生物信息学主要英文术语及释义

... Refers to the procedure of comparing two or more sequences by looking for a series of individual characters or character patterns that are in the same order in the sequences. Of the two types of alignment, local and global, a local alignment is generally the most useful. See also Local and Global al ...
Ch15-Computational_Approaches_in_Comparative_Genomics
Ch15-Computational_Approaches_in_Comparative_Genomics

Algorithms
Algorithms

... → too cumbersome for Y condition sophisticated design N perform A ...
lect1 - University of South Carolina
lect1 - University of South Carolina

... Output: gcd(m,n), the greatest common divisor, i.e., the largest integer that divides both m and n Euclid algorithm: Based on gcd(m,n)=gcd(n, m mod n) ...
What are Math and Computer Science doing in Biology?
What are Math and Computer Science doing in Biology?

... widely to non-biologists. • Models of sequence evolution and metrics used in sequence analysis are articulated by biology and Mathematics. • Computer Science contributes efficient algorithms to do the analysis and compute the metrics. • Statistics is needed to evaluate the significance of the comput ...
CUSTOMER_CODE SMUDE DIVISION_CODE SMUDE
CUSTOMER_CODE SMUDE DIVISION_CODE SMUDE

... required to perform a step should always bound above by a constant. In some instances, count of addition of two numbers might be as one step. In such cases approximation of time efficient becomes critical. This consideration might not justify certain situations. If the numbers involved in a computat ...
BIOINFORMATICS Biological information is encoded in the
BIOINFORMATICS Biological information is encoded in the

... 6. The results will appear in a new window. This may take only a few seconds, or more than a minute if a lot of other searches are queued at the server. a. The sequences are displayed in rows of 25 nucleotides. Yellow highlighting denotes mismatches between sequences or regions where only one sequen ...
Rapid communication: Nucleotide sequence of the river buffalo beta
Rapid communication: Nucleotide sequence of the river buffalo beta

Gapped Blast and PSI
Gapped Blast and PSI

... Blast Programs are used for searching both protein and DNA databases for sequence similarities. BLAST programs can compare protein to protein, DNA to DNA, Protein to DNA, or DNA to protein. The DNA sequences used in comparison are usually conceptually transcribed before comparison. BLAST programs us ...
< 1 ... 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 >

Smith–Waterman algorithm

The Smith–Waterman algorithm performs local sequence alignment; that is, for determining similar regions between two strings or nucleotide or protein sequences. Instead of looking at the total sequence, the Smith–Waterman algorithm compares segments of all possible lengths and optimizes the similarity measure.The algorithm was first proposed by Temple F. Smith and Michael S. Waterman in 1981. Like the Needleman–Wunsch algorithm, of which it is a variation, Smith–Waterman is a dynamic programming algorithm. As such, it has the desirable property that it is guaranteed to find the optimal local alignment with respect to the scoring system being used (which includes the substitution matrix and the gap-scoring scheme). The main difference to the Needleman–Wunsch algorithm is that negative scoring matrix cells are set to zero, which renders the (thus positively scoring) local alignments visible. Backtracking starts at the highest scoring matrix cell and proceeds until a cell with score zero is encountered, yielding the highest scoring local alignment. One does not actually implement the algorithm as described because improved alternatives are now available that have better scaling (Gotoh, 1982) and are more accurate (Altschul and Erickson, 1986).
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