![Keep Your Fingers Off My DNA: Protein–Protein](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016752270_1-b463ee59005a17d0ad4e432c33913a6b-300x300.png)
Keep Your Fingers Off My DNA: Protein–Protein
... they demonstrated that amino acids in the a-helix of FOG1 formed the binding surface for the interaction and that residues in positions normally involved in contacting DNA, positions -1, 2, 3, and 6, were also utilized for protein interactions (Fig. 4). Additionally, they showed that the interacting ...
... they demonstrated that amino acids in the a-helix of FOG1 formed the binding surface for the interaction and that residues in positions normally involved in contacting DNA, positions -1, 2, 3, and 6, were also utilized for protein interactions (Fig. 4). Additionally, they showed that the interacting ...
Dual transcriptional activities of SIX proteins define
... specification. In flies, three such family members exist, but only two, Sine oculis (So) and Optix, are expressed and function within the eye. In vertebrates, the homologs of Optix (Six3 and Six6) and probably So (Six1 and Six2) are also required for proper eye formation. Depending upon the individu ...
... specification. In flies, three such family members exist, but only two, Sine oculis (So) and Optix, are expressed and function within the eye. In vertebrates, the homologs of Optix (Six3 and Six6) and probably So (Six1 and Six2) are also required for proper eye formation. Depending upon the individu ...
protein phosphorylation in bacteria
... enzymes to maintain regulation by reversible protein phosphorylation: a protein kinase, which adds a phosphate group to protein molecules, and a protein phosphatase, which removes it. If we realize that such kinase-phosphatase couples can exhibit activity towards many different enzyme molecules in t ...
... enzymes to maintain regulation by reversible protein phosphorylation: a protein kinase, which adds a phosphate group to protein molecules, and a protein phosphatase, which removes it. If we realize that such kinase-phosphatase couples can exhibit activity towards many different enzyme molecules in t ...
A tightly regulated inducible expression system for
... previously [2,3]. Activity of this promoter was responsive to tetracycline (Tc) concentration, in T. brucei expressing TetR. Expression of genes linked to this Tc-responsive PARP promoter could be controlled with nanomolar amounts of Tc, over a 10 000-fold range [2]. In the prototypal inducible expr ...
... previously [2,3]. Activity of this promoter was responsive to tetracycline (Tc) concentration, in T. brucei expressing TetR. Expression of genes linked to this Tc-responsive PARP promoter could be controlled with nanomolar amounts of Tc, over a 10 000-fold range [2]. In the prototypal inducible expr ...
Regulation of transcription by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 14-3
... pathway [28]. SIN4 encodes a global transcriptional regulator, which can stimulate or repress the expression of several genes and which is a component of the RNA polymerase II complex [29– 31]. We showed that the yeast 14-3-3 proteins bind to the Rtg3 protein. Our genetic and biochemical studies sug ...
... pathway [28]. SIN4 encodes a global transcriptional regulator, which can stimulate or repress the expression of several genes and which is a component of the RNA polymerase II complex [29– 31]. We showed that the yeast 14-3-3 proteins bind to the Rtg3 protein. Our genetic and biochemical studies sug ...
H3K4me3 demethylation by the histone
... H3 lysine 36 mono-methylation (H3K36me1), induced by the Set2 methyltransferase, is required for the recruitment of the Cdc45/GINS holo-helicase component Cdc45 (25). In eukaryotes, PR-Set7 adds one methyl group to H4K20, favoring the assembly of the core helicase (26,27). The methylation of the lys ...
... H3 lysine 36 mono-methylation (H3K36me1), induced by the Set2 methyltransferase, is required for the recruitment of the Cdc45/GINS holo-helicase component Cdc45 (25). In eukaryotes, PR-Set7 adds one methyl group to H4K20, favoring the assembly of the core helicase (26,27). The methylation of the lys ...
Identification of a GDP-L-fucose: polypeptide fucosyltransferase and
... showed O-fucosyltransferase activity present in rat and hamster liver and CHO cell homogenates. CHO cell paste was used as the source of enzyme in all subsequent experiments unless otherwise noted, because it had relatively higher activity than the liver, and the majority of the activity was recover ...
... showed O-fucosyltransferase activity present in rat and hamster liver and CHO cell homogenates. CHO cell paste was used as the source of enzyme in all subsequent experiments unless otherwise noted, because it had relatively higher activity than the liver, and the majority of the activity was recover ...
Characterizing the effects of heavy metal and pathogen Vibrio
... proteins. Copper is known to cause cytopathological damage (Sanders, 1994; Pawert et al., 1996; Triesbskorn and Kohler, 1996; Quig, 1998) as the result of peroxidation reactions that produce free radicals that damage lipids and proteins (Donato,1981). Within the cytoplasm hsp70 often forms a multi-c ...
... proteins. Copper is known to cause cytopathological damage (Sanders, 1994; Pawert et al., 1996; Triesbskorn and Kohler, 1996; Quig, 1998) as the result of peroxidation reactions that produce free radicals that damage lipids and proteins (Donato,1981). Within the cytoplasm hsp70 often forms a multi-c ...
The transcription factor AtDOF4.2 regulates shoot branching and
... DOF (DNA-binding with one finger) proteins are a group of plantspecific transcription factors. A typical DOF protein consists of a conserved N-terminal DNA BD (binding domain), a divergent C-terminal end for transcriptional regulation and the conjunctive sequences with a possible NLS (nuclear locali ...
... DOF (DNA-binding with one finger) proteins are a group of plantspecific transcription factors. A typical DOF protein consists of a conserved N-terminal DNA BD (binding domain), a divergent C-terminal end for transcriptional regulation and the conjunctive sequences with a possible NLS (nuclear locali ...
pdf
... a. Action of pN at tL1 allows read-through transcription of red and gam, which are required for a recombination event during replication, so they are involved in lysis. b. The cIII gene, which is required for lysogeny, is also transcribed as a result of the lack of termination at tL1. c. The int and ...
... a. Action of pN at tL1 allows read-through transcription of red and gam, which are required for a recombination event during replication, so they are involved in lysis. b. The cIII gene, which is required for lysogeny, is also transcribed as a result of the lack of termination at tL1. c. The int and ...
Chapter 15. Recognition of foreign molecules by the immune system
... a lesser extent Ser415) promotes CD4 internalization. These residues are exposed in the complex, but the dileucine internalization motif is buried (leucines 413 and 414) (A). (B) The structured region of the CD8 complex is more modest; it consists of the Lck hairpin (red) and a 9-residue segment of ...
... a lesser extent Ser415) promotes CD4 internalization. These residues are exposed in the complex, but the dileucine internalization motif is buried (leucines 413 and 414) (A). (B) The structured region of the CD8 complex is more modest; it consists of the Lck hairpin (red) and a 9-residue segment of ...
Structural basis of ubiquitylation Andrew P VanDemark and
... terminus to substrate lysine residues, a process known as ubiquitylation, targets the substrate for a range of possible fates, the best known of which is degradation by the 26S proteasome, but which also include endocytosis, targeting to lysosomes, and modification of protein function [1]. These res ...
... terminus to substrate lysine residues, a process known as ubiquitylation, targets the substrate for a range of possible fates, the best known of which is degradation by the 26S proteasome, but which also include endocytosis, targeting to lysosomes, and modification of protein function [1]. These res ...
manual HiScribe T7 In Vitro Transcription Kit E2030
... marker DNA. The presence of small amounts (< 5%) of undigested plasmid will have little effect on RNA yield. ...
... marker DNA. The presence of small amounts (< 5%) of undigested plasmid will have little effect on RNA yield. ...
tryptophan operon - Biology Notes Help
... Under severe tryptophan starvation trp genes are expressed maximally and controlled by attenuation. This is accomplished by a mechanism that controls the ...
... Under severe tryptophan starvation trp genes are expressed maximally and controlled by attenuation. This is accomplished by a mechanism that controls the ...
Gene regulatory networks for development
... not very incomplete, although we are aware of several places where linkages and gene targets are missing and of several spatial patterns of expression that are not yet completely explained. A largescale effort has been mounted with respect to authentication of the endomesoderm network, as indicated ...
... not very incomplete, although we are aware of several places where linkages and gene targets are missing and of several spatial patterns of expression that are not yet completely explained. A largescale effort has been mounted with respect to authentication of the endomesoderm network, as indicated ...
Gene regulatory networks for development
... not very incomplete, although we are aware of several places where linkages and gene targets are missing and of several spatial patterns of expression that are not yet completely explained. A largescale effort has been mounted with respect to authentication of the endomesoderm network, as indicated ...
... not very incomplete, although we are aware of several places where linkages and gene targets are missing and of several spatial patterns of expression that are not yet completely explained. A largescale effort has been mounted with respect to authentication of the endomesoderm network, as indicated ...
Regulation of Heat-Shock Response in Bacteria
... Spirochaetes, and many gram-negative bacteria of the α, β, and γ1 purple proteobacteria.15–19 The only groups where it is probably not present at all are the γ2 and γ3 purple bacteria that—as mentioned before—use only the σ32 transcription activation. In all cases studied so far, the IR acts as a bi ...
... Spirochaetes, and many gram-negative bacteria of the α, β, and γ1 purple proteobacteria.15–19 The only groups where it is probably not present at all are the γ2 and γ3 purple bacteria that—as mentioned before—use only the σ32 transcription activation. In all cases studied so far, the IR acts as a bi ...
Recent advances in X-chromosome inactivation
... control locus, the X-inactivation centre (Xic) [4]. At its heart lies the Xist (X-inactive-specific transcript) gene which, when the decision to inactivate has been made, produces a 17 kb-long, untranslated RNA that coats the X chromosome in cis and triggers its inactivation. The Xic is also implica ...
... control locus, the X-inactivation centre (Xic) [4]. At its heart lies the Xist (X-inactive-specific transcript) gene which, when the decision to inactivate has been made, produces a 17 kb-long, untranslated RNA that coats the X chromosome in cis and triggers its inactivation. The Xic is also implica ...
RNA Interference
... ! Discovered in 1928, heterochromatin is darkly staining, covalently modified chromatin that does not unwind at any time in the cell cycle has a regulatory effect on nearby genes, ie fruitfly & maize variegation DNA methylation results in silencing ...
... ! Discovered in 1928, heterochromatin is darkly staining, covalently modified chromatin that does not unwind at any time in the cell cycle has a regulatory effect on nearby genes, ie fruitfly & maize variegation DNA methylation results in silencing ...
Chpt17_TxnlRegLambda.doc
... (1) The product of the int gene is required for integration into the host chromosome, using the att (attachment) site that is adjacent to int. The products of the xis and int genes are required for excision of the prophage, again using the adjacent att site. (2) The products of red and gam (gamma) a ...
... (1) The product of the int gene is required for integration into the host chromosome, using the att (attachment) site that is adjacent to int. The products of the xis and int genes are required for excision of the prophage, again using the adjacent att site. (2) The products of red and gam (gamma) a ...
2012 patel DE perox
... are shown in Fig. 8. As the activity observed in a cell lysate depends on both the intrinsic activity of a protein and the level of its expression, we estimated expression levels by gel electrophoresis. As shown in Fig. 9, all sequences expressed at similar levels. ...
... are shown in Fig. 8. As the activity observed in a cell lysate depends on both the intrinsic activity of a protein and the level of its expression, we estimated expression levels by gel electrophoresis. As shown in Fig. 9, all sequences expressed at similar levels. ...
Spotting the enemy within: Targeted silencing of foreign DNA in
... KRAB-ZFPs, some of the amino acids that are essential for KRAB-KAP1 interaction in mammals are not conserved [15, 31]. It is therefore unclear whether KRABZFPs in these species can recruit KAP1. Furthermore, some of the oldest mammalian KRAB-ZFPs do not interact with KAP1 [15, 31], and some function ...
... KRAB-ZFPs, some of the amino acids that are essential for KRAB-KAP1 interaction in mammals are not conserved [15, 31]. It is therefore unclear whether KRABZFPs in these species can recruit KAP1. Furthermore, some of the oldest mammalian KRAB-ZFPs do not interact with KAP1 [15, 31], and some function ...
Brooker Chapter 15
... Transcription factor proteins contain regions, called domains, that have specific functions ...
... Transcription factor proteins contain regions, called domains, that have specific functions ...
Post-transcriptional control of gene expression: a genome
... Puf4 and Cth2 that regulate the stability of dozens or hundreds of mRNAs [16,28]. At the other extreme, microarray data suggest that the yeast Edc3 protein specifically regulates a single mRNA [29]. Thus, genomewide studies can reveal both widespread and highly specialized roles of regulatory factor ...
... Puf4 and Cth2 that regulate the stability of dozens or hundreds of mRNAs [16,28]. At the other extreme, microarray data suggest that the yeast Edc3 protein specifically regulates a single mRNA [29]. Thus, genomewide studies can reveal both widespread and highly specialized roles of regulatory factor ...
Heterarchy of transcription factors driving basal and luminal
... Cell differentiation is affected by complex networks of transcription factors that co-ordinate re-organisation of the chromatin landscape. The hierarchies of these relationships can be difficult to dissect. During in vitro differentiation of normal human uroepithelial cells, formaldehyde-assisted is ...
... Cell differentiation is affected by complex networks of transcription factors that co-ordinate re-organisation of the chromatin landscape. The hierarchies of these relationships can be difficult to dissect. During in vitro differentiation of normal human uroepithelial cells, formaldehyde-assisted is ...
Histone acetylation and deacetylation
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nucleosome_1KX5_colour_coded.png?width=300)
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are essential parts of gene regulation. These reactions are typically catalysed by enzymes with ""histone acetyltransferase"" (HAT) or ""histone deacetylase"" (HDAC) activity. Acetylation is the process where an acetyl functional group is transferred from one molecule (in this case, Acetyl-Coenzyme A) to another. Deacetylation is simply the reverse reaction where an acetyl group is removed from a molecule.Acetylated histones, octameric proteins that organize chromatin into nucleosomes and ultimately higher order structures, represent a type of epigenetic marker within chromatin. Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing the interaction of the N termini of histones with the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA. As a consequence, the condensed chromatin is transformed into a more relaxed structure that is associated with greater levels of gene transcription. This relaxation can be reversed by HDAC activity. Relaxed, transcriptionally active DNA is referred to as euchromatin. More condensed (tightly packed) DNA is referred to as heterochromatin. Condensation can be brought about by processes including deacetylation and methylation; the action of methylation is indirect and has no effect upon charge.