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Barley MLA Immune Receptors Directly Interfere
... against the grass powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp hordei (Bgh) (Seeholzer et al., 2010). MLA1 strain-specific disease resistance to Bgh and cell death signaling of other tested MLA recognition specificities is evolutionarily conserved in different plant lineages (i.e. in transgenic Arabi ...
... against the grass powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp hordei (Bgh) (Seeholzer et al., 2010). MLA1 strain-specific disease resistance to Bgh and cell death signaling of other tested MLA recognition specificities is evolutionarily conserved in different plant lineages (i.e. in transgenic Arabi ...
HRT Gene Function Requires Interaction between a NAC Protein
... First, most of the characterized R gene products share structural motifs. Among them, nucleotide binding sites (NBS) and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) have been most commonly described. TIP lacks both NBS and LRR motifs. However, the product of HRT, a newly characterized gene involved in the TCV resist ...
... First, most of the characterized R gene products share structural motifs. Among them, nucleotide binding sites (NBS) and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) have been most commonly described. TIP lacks both NBS and LRR motifs. However, the product of HRT, a newly characterized gene involved in the TCV resist ...
Dietary Supplements May Increase Longevity by Up
... Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition is known to delay aging and extends life span up to 50% in diverse species, including C. elegans, yeast, flies fish, rodent, and mammals[6]. A 20-year longitudinal adult-onset CR study in rhesus monkeys showed moderate CR not only lowered the incidence o ...
... Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition is known to delay aging and extends life span up to 50% in diverse species, including C. elegans, yeast, flies fish, rodent, and mammals[6]. A 20-year longitudinal adult-onset CR study in rhesus monkeys showed moderate CR not only lowered the incidence o ...
Functional Anthology of Intrinsic Disorder. 1. Biological Processes
... rank the significance of these correlations. Protein sequence data redundancy and the relationship between protein length and protein structure were taken into consideration to ensure the quality of the statistical inferences. Over 200 000 proteins from the Swiss-Prot database were analyzed using th ...
... rank the significance of these correlations. Protein sequence data redundancy and the relationship between protein length and protein structure were taken into consideration to ensure the quality of the statistical inferences. Over 200 000 proteins from the Swiss-Prot database were analyzed using th ...
Conserved functions of retinoblastoma proteins: From purple retina
... sites can be accounted for by the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Hypophosphorylated, active forms of pRB dominate in G1, whereas, hyperphosphorylated forms appear as cells enter S phase and dominate in G2 and M phases [33]. Results of phosphopeptide analyses of pRB suggest more than a ...
... sites can be accounted for by the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Hypophosphorylated, active forms of pRB dominate in G1, whereas, hyperphosphorylated forms appear as cells enter S phase and dominate in G2 and M phases [33]. Results of phosphopeptide analyses of pRB suggest more than a ...
Chapter 7 Operons: Fine Control of Bacterial Transcription Bacterial
... • ara operon encodes enzymes (genes B,A,D) required to metabolize sugar arabinose • Catabolite-repressible operon • Two ara operators: – araO1 regulates transcription of control gene araC – araO2 far upstream of promoter PBAD it controls ...
... • ara operon encodes enzymes (genes B,A,D) required to metabolize sugar arabinose • Catabolite-repressible operon • Two ara operators: – araO1 regulates transcription of control gene araC – araO2 far upstream of promoter PBAD it controls ...
in Power-Point Format
... • ara operon encodes enzymes (genes B,A,D) required to metabolize sugar arabinose • Catabolite-repressible operon • Two ara operators: – araO1 regulates transcription of control gene araC – araO2 far upstream of promoter PBAD it controls ...
... • ara operon encodes enzymes (genes B,A,D) required to metabolize sugar arabinose • Catabolite-repressible operon • Two ara operators: – araO1 regulates transcription of control gene araC – araO2 far upstream of promoter PBAD it controls ...
Bacterial Regulation
... (a) Lactose present, glucose scarce (cAMP level high): abundant lac mRNA synthesized. If glucose is scarce, the high level of cAMP activates CAP, and the lac operon produces large amounts of mRNA for the lactose pathway. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... (a) Lactose present, glucose scarce (cAMP level high): abundant lac mRNA synthesized. If glucose is scarce, the high level of cAMP activates CAP, and the lac operon produces large amounts of mRNA for the lactose pathway. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
FOG1 recruits the NuRD repressor complex to mediate
... We next examined whether FOG-1 binding by GATA-1 is required for GATA-1 occupancy at the GATA-2 and c-kit genes. As measured by ChIP, levels of GATA-1(V205M)-ER at the GATA-2 and c-kit loci were comparable if not slightly higher than that observed with GATA-1-ER (Figure 1C), suggesting that FOG-1 is ...
... We next examined whether FOG-1 binding by GATA-1 is required for GATA-1 occupancy at the GATA-2 and c-kit genes. As measured by ChIP, levels of GATA-1(V205M)-ER at the GATA-2 and c-kit loci were comparable if not slightly higher than that observed with GATA-1-ER (Figure 1C), suggesting that FOG-1 is ...
in Power-Point Format
... • Promoters recognized by pol II (class II promoters) are similar to prokaryotic promoters: • Considered to have two parts: – Core promoter of 4 elements: TATAAA, TBP, BRE (IIB), ...
... • Promoters recognized by pol II (class II promoters) are similar to prokaryotic promoters: • Considered to have two parts: – Core promoter of 4 elements: TATAAA, TBP, BRE (IIB), ...
PRO
... Provides formalization to support precise annotation of specific protein classes/forms/complexes, allowing accurate data mapping, integration, analysis Allows specification of relationships between PRO and other ontologies, such as GO, SO (Sequence Ontology), PSI-MOD, ChEBI, CL (Cell Ontology) Provi ...
... Provides formalization to support precise annotation of specific protein classes/forms/complexes, allowing accurate data mapping, integration, analysis Allows specification of relationships between PRO and other ontologies, such as GO, SO (Sequence Ontology), PSI-MOD, ChEBI, CL (Cell Ontology) Provi ...
GENE REGULATION AT THE PROMOTER LEVEL
... The binding of the lactose, at a specific lactose-binding site of the repressor protein causes a change in shape of the repressor protein so that it can no longer bind to at the operator site of the lac operon. The operator site could also be called the regulatory site. The roadblock to RNA polymera ...
... The binding of the lactose, at a specific lactose-binding site of the repressor protein causes a change in shape of the repressor protein so that it can no longer bind to at the operator site of the lac operon. The operator site could also be called the regulatory site. The roadblock to RNA polymera ...
3did: a catalog of domain-based interactions of
... interface. Interfaces in DDIs are usually relatively large [2000 Å2 on average (24)]. Several possible definitions of domains are available based on conserved globular structure or on evolutionary conserved residue sequences. For instance, SCOP (18) and CATH (19) are two catalogs of structurally con ...
... interface. Interfaces in DDIs are usually relatively large [2000 Å2 on average (24)]. Several possible definitions of domains are available based on conserved globular structure or on evolutionary conserved residue sequences. For instance, SCOP (18) and CATH (19) are two catalogs of structurally con ...
2-Oxoacid dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes
... volcanii ORF3 encodes an E2-like protein. If this is indeed the case, then the boundaries of typical E2 structural domains and motifs should be identifiable within the predicted amino acid sequence. However, before this can be investigated, account must be taken of the sequence alignments which show ...
... volcanii ORF3 encodes an E2-like protein. If this is indeed the case, then the boundaries of typical E2 structural domains and motifs should be identifiable within the predicted amino acid sequence. However, before this can be investigated, account must be taken of the sequence alignments which show ...
ABA-responsive gene expression - Journal of Cell Science
... produce the total number of signatures. Abundance for each distinct signature was counted and normalized in parts per million to estimate transcript abundance. Differences in expression levels were deemed significant when the ratio of the abundances was at least 3 and/or statistically significant at ...
... produce the total number of signatures. Abundance for each distinct signature was counted and normalized in parts per million to estimate transcript abundance. Differences in expression levels were deemed significant when the ratio of the abundances was at least 3 and/or statistically significant at ...
ppt
... Phosphorylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications (PTMs) for proteins and is involved in numerous biological processes. Detection of the dynamic phosphorylation state of the cellular proteome is essential for understanding the regulatory network of biological pathways. There ...
... Phosphorylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications (PTMs) for proteins and is involved in numerous biological processes. Detection of the dynamic phosphorylation state of the cellular proteome is essential for understanding the regulatory network of biological pathways. There ...
DNA-protein interactions in T. annulata
... gene expression and merozoite formation. The correlation between upregulation of TamS1 gene expression and merozoite formation was also observed in experiments where the time taken to reach commitment was altered by the addition of specific drugs (Shiels et al., 1997). It was concluded from these st ...
... gene expression and merozoite formation. The correlation between upregulation of TamS1 gene expression and merozoite formation was also observed in experiments where the time taken to reach commitment was altered by the addition of specific drugs (Shiels et al., 1997). It was concluded from these st ...
Np73 is capable of inducing apoptosis by co
... motifs, constitute a novel TA domain, mediating the capacity of the isoform to suppress cell growth and promote apoptosis. Interestingly, Np73-α was found to be inactive in these experiments. The SAM domain and C-terminus of the TAp73-α isoform have been reported to exert an inhibitory effect over ...
... motifs, constitute a novel TA domain, mediating the capacity of the isoform to suppress cell growth and promote apoptosis. Interestingly, Np73-α was found to be inactive in these experiments. The SAM domain and C-terminus of the TAp73-α isoform have been reported to exert an inhibitory effect over ...
Transcriptional activation by the Antennapedia and fushi tarazu proteins in cultured Drosophila cells. Cell 57, 1017-30. pdf
... segmentation gene as well as an Antp-Ubx hybrid protein. The An@ and ftz genes are both members of the Antennapedia Complex (ANT-C), a cluster of regulatory genes that includes at least nine homeobox-containing genes (Kaufman et al., 1980; Mahaffey and Kaufman, 1989) while Ubx is a member of the Bit ...
... segmentation gene as well as an Antp-Ubx hybrid protein. The An@ and ftz genes are both members of the Antennapedia Complex (ANT-C), a cluster of regulatory genes that includes at least nine homeobox-containing genes (Kaufman et al., 1980; Mahaffey and Kaufman, 1989) while Ubx is a member of the Bit ...
Protein Posttranslational Modifications: The Chemistry of Proteome
... acetylation. Yeast histones with up to 13 acetylations have been reported,[14] which reflects almost 50 % posttranslational modification. The combinatorial possibilities for differentially acetylated histone tails in nucleosomes become astronomically large. The acetyl groups on Lys side chains conve ...
... acetylation. Yeast histones with up to 13 acetylations have been reported,[14] which reflects almost 50 % posttranslational modification. The combinatorial possibilities for differentially acetylated histone tails in nucleosomes become astronomically large. The acetyl groups on Lys side chains conve ...
Lecture 6 - U of L Class Index
... Negative Control of the lac Operon 9 The off-regulation is done by the lac repressor – Product of the lacI gene – Tetramer of 4 identical polypeptides – Binds the operator just right of promoter 9 When repressor binds the operator, operon is repressed – Operator and promoter are contiguous – Repres ...
... Negative Control of the lac Operon 9 The off-regulation is done by the lac repressor – Product of the lacI gene – Tetramer of 4 identical polypeptides – Binds the operator just right of promoter 9 When repressor binds the operator, operon is repressed – Operator and promoter are contiguous – Repres ...
Gene doping - Essays in Biochemistry
... greater increases in muscle size and strength occur than when gene transfer or resistance exercise are considered separately [11] (Figure 2). Although such gene studies have not been performed in human beings, the mRNA for IGF-1Ea and MGF have been shown to be expressed in skeletal muscle and are in ...
... greater increases in muscle size and strength occur than when gene transfer or resistance exercise are considered separately [11] (Figure 2). Although such gene studies have not been performed in human beings, the mRNA for IGF-1Ea and MGF have been shown to be expressed in skeletal muscle and are in ...
Differential gene expression in ES/PNET with type 1 vs type 2 EWS
... Translocation-associated sarcomas 1. General biological features and comparison to sarcomas with non-specific cytogenetic alterations 2. Insights from microarray-based expression profiling of translocation-associated sarcomas ...
... Translocation-associated sarcomas 1. General biological features and comparison to sarcomas with non-specific cytogenetic alterations 2. Insights from microarray-based expression profiling of translocation-associated sarcomas ...
Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging of Transcription Factor Proteins
... information. The general structural motif that is found in the DNA binding region of many transcription regulatory proteins, the helix-turn-helix structure, can be altered to recognize different target sequences through variations in the amino acid side chains or the linker that connects the structu ...
... information. The general structural motif that is found in the DNA binding region of many transcription regulatory proteins, the helix-turn-helix structure, can be altered to recognize different target sequences through variations in the amino acid side chains or the linker that connects the structu ...
Histone acetylation and deacetylation
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nucleosome_1KX5_colour_coded.png?width=300)
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are essential parts of gene regulation. These reactions are typically catalysed by enzymes with ""histone acetyltransferase"" (HAT) or ""histone deacetylase"" (HDAC) activity. Acetylation is the process where an acetyl functional group is transferred from one molecule (in this case, Acetyl-Coenzyme A) to another. Deacetylation is simply the reverse reaction where an acetyl group is removed from a molecule.Acetylated histones, octameric proteins that organize chromatin into nucleosomes and ultimately higher order structures, represent a type of epigenetic marker within chromatin. Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing the interaction of the N termini of histones with the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA. As a consequence, the condensed chromatin is transformed into a more relaxed structure that is associated with greater levels of gene transcription. This relaxation can be reversed by HDAC activity. Relaxed, transcriptionally active DNA is referred to as euchromatin. More condensed (tightly packed) DNA is referred to as heterochromatin. Condensation can be brought about by processes including deacetylation and methylation; the action of methylation is indirect and has no effect upon charge.