The role of protein–protein interactions in the intracellular traffic of
... as a promising target for small-molecule drugs [1, 70, 81]. Ion channels are particularly suitable proteins for studying PPI because their biophysical properties (indicating their conformational state) and their copy number at the cell surface can be studied with high resolution using the patch-clam ...
... as a promising target for small-molecule drugs [1, 70, 81]. Ion channels are particularly suitable proteins for studying PPI because their biophysical properties (indicating their conformational state) and their copy number at the cell surface can be studied with high resolution using the patch-clam ...
pMAL FAQs
... determined by whether this folding pathway leads to a different 3-dimensional structure for the protein. Some proteins, like MBP itself, can fold properly either in the cytoplasm or when exported to the periplasm. However, the normal folding pathway for some proteins is incompatible with passage thr ...
... determined by whether this folding pathway leads to a different 3-dimensional structure for the protein. Some proteins, like MBP itself, can fold properly either in the cytoplasm or when exported to the periplasm. However, the normal folding pathway for some proteins is incompatible with passage thr ...
The Plant Journal
... events at these endomembrane compartments were signi®cantly different (df = 6, H = 0.44, P < 0.001) from localization at other cellular compartments of the cytoplasm to include the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and plastids. Mean percentage ADL6 localization to the Golgi, partially coated ret ...
... events at these endomembrane compartments were signi®cantly different (df = 6, H = 0.44, P < 0.001) from localization at other cellular compartments of the cytoplasm to include the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and plastids. Mean percentage ADL6 localization to the Golgi, partially coated ret ...
PDF
... embryonic time points and a CCD camera was used to image luciferase activity. At E15.5, none of the embryos showed detectable luciferase activity (Fig. 1A). Starting with E16.0 embryos, a lowintensity signal was detected in the posterior subcutaneous and intrascapular regions, both of which are know ...
... embryonic time points and a CCD camera was used to image luciferase activity. At E15.5, none of the embryos showed detectable luciferase activity (Fig. 1A). Starting with E16.0 embryos, a lowintensity signal was detected in the posterior subcutaneous and intrascapular regions, both of which are know ...
Transcription • Transcription factors • Chromatin • RNA polymerase II
... block recruitment of pol II, emphasizing that the CTD code is read differently before and after initiation of transcription. (b) The CTD is located close to the RNA exit channel [16]. Phosphorylation of serine residue in position 5 (Ser5), by the CDK7 subunit of the general transcription factor TFII ...
... block recruitment of pol II, emphasizing that the CTD code is read differently before and after initiation of transcription. (b) The CTD is located close to the RNA exit channel [16]. Phosphorylation of serine residue in position 5 (Ser5), by the CDK7 subunit of the general transcription factor TFII ...
Histidine protein kinases: key signal transducers outside the animal
... HPKs also have phosphatase activity which dephosphorylates the response regulator and opposes kinase function [3,13] (for details see the Mechanism section); phosphatase activity is mediated by the dimerization domain in these HPKs. The catalytic domain of HPKs has clear sequence and structural homo ...
... HPKs also have phosphatase activity which dephosphorylates the response regulator and opposes kinase function [3,13] (for details see the Mechanism section); phosphatase activity is mediated by the dimerization domain in these HPKs. The catalytic domain of HPKs has clear sequence and structural homo ...
Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation
... in the male germ line of almost all organisms possessing differentiated sex chromosomes, but its importance to developmental biologists, particularly to those studying germ cell development and infertility, is only just beginning to be understood. MSCI has also received a great deal of attention in ...
... in the male germ line of almost all organisms possessing differentiated sex chromosomes, but its importance to developmental biologists, particularly to those studying germ cell development and infertility, is only just beginning to be understood. MSCI has also received a great deal of attention in ...
- University of East Anglia
... receptors, on target cells. Frizzled mediated signaling can activate at least three different pathways. In the so-called classic pathway, binding of Wnt to its receptor results in activation of disheveled, which inactivates the cytoplasmic serine-threonine kinase GSK-3 (Moon et al., 2002). One targ ...
... receptors, on target cells. Frizzled mediated signaling can activate at least three different pathways. In the so-called classic pathway, binding of Wnt to its receptor results in activation of disheveled, which inactivates the cytoplasmic serine-threonine kinase GSK-3 (Moon et al., 2002). One targ ...
N-Methylated Amino Acids
... Considerable research effort has been directed to the role of histone lysine and arginine N-methylation. In addition to other post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation, N-methylation is suggested to be involved in eukaryotic genome and gene regulati ...
... Considerable research effort has been directed to the role of histone lysine and arginine N-methylation. In addition to other post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation, N-methylation is suggested to be involved in eukaryotic genome and gene regulati ...
Topic: Developmental biology Extra
... The C2 and d2 subunits were identified in olfactory epithelium, which is a known location of both the B1 and a4 subunits. The a4 subunit was found in several novel locations: the uterus of pregnant animals; the embryonic visceral yolk sac where d2 and C2 were also identified. The presence of d2, whi ...
... The C2 and d2 subunits were identified in olfactory epithelium, which is a known location of both the B1 and a4 subunits. The a4 subunit was found in several novel locations: the uterus of pregnant animals; the embryonic visceral yolk sac where d2 and C2 were also identified. The presence of d2, whi ...
Ubiquitin-Proteasome Dependent Regulation of
... gene expression by plastid signals (Jarvis and LópezJuez, 2013). The GLK genes positively regulate the expression of photosynthesis-related genes in numerous plants (Yasumura et al., 2005; Waters et al., 2009). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), there are two copies of GLK genes, designated as G ...
... gene expression by plastid signals (Jarvis and LópezJuez, 2013). The GLK genes positively regulate the expression of photosynthesis-related genes in numerous plants (Yasumura et al., 2005; Waters et al., 2009). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), there are two copies of GLK genes, designated as G ...
PubMed Central CANADA
... generation, through down-regulating the mitochondrial death genes, Bcl2/adenovirus E1Binteracting proteins (BNIP)3, BNIP3-like (BNIP3L; also known as NIX) (21) and MLN64 (also known as the steroidogenic acute regulatory-related lipid transfer protein 3) (23). To date, how these death genes are down- ...
... generation, through down-regulating the mitochondrial death genes, Bcl2/adenovirus E1Binteracting proteins (BNIP)3, BNIP3-like (BNIP3L; also known as NIX) (21) and MLN64 (also known as the steroidogenic acute regulatory-related lipid transfer protein 3) (23). To date, how these death genes are down- ...
SURVEY AND SUMMARY Nucleolar responses to DNA double
... rDNA increases the risk of collision between the transcription and repair- or replication-machinery and extraordinary measures may therefore be required to prevent collision in highly transcribed regions of rDNA. To prevent collision between replication and rRNA transcription a replication fork barr ...
... rDNA increases the risk of collision between the transcription and repair- or replication-machinery and extraordinary measures may therefore be required to prevent collision in highly transcribed regions of rDNA. To prevent collision between replication and rRNA transcription a replication fork barr ...
Wheat Germ Cell-‐Free Protein Expression
... Scalable protein production and automation (µg to g amounts) ...
... Scalable protein production and automation (µg to g amounts) ...
NUCLEAR PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVITIES DURING THE CELL
... been studied during the eukaryotic cell cycle. At the level of resolution provided by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis the complement of nonhistone chromosomal proteins does not vary [14--16]. However, cell cycle stage-specific variations have been observed in the rates of synthesis, turnover and ...
... been studied during the eukaryotic cell cycle. At the level of resolution provided by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis the complement of nonhistone chromosomal proteins does not vary [14--16]. However, cell cycle stage-specific variations have been observed in the rates of synthesis, turnover and ...
... bacterial strain, and an RBS (prokaryotic ribosome binding sequence). Cell-free systems (eukaryotic [e.g., TNT® systems] and prokaryotic [e.g., S30 systems]) are fast, amenable to high-throughput, and often used for pull-down experiments and enzymatic assays (2,3); these systems require a bacterioph ...
The Formation of the Central Element of the
... formation. Both the N- and C-terminal deletions significantly reduce or abolish meiotic recombination similarly to c(3)G null homozygotes. To explain these data, we propose that in Drosophila the N terminus, but not the C-terminal globular domain, of C(3)G is critical for the formation of antiparall ...
... formation. Both the N- and C-terminal deletions significantly reduce or abolish meiotic recombination similarly to c(3)G null homozygotes. To explain these data, we propose that in Drosophila the N terminus, but not the C-terminal globular domain, of C(3)G is critical for the formation of antiparall ...
Here. - Blumenstiel Lab
... formation. Both the N- and C-terminal deletions significantly reduce or abolish meiotic recombination similarly to c(3)G null homozygotes. To explain these data, we propose that in Drosophila the N terminus, but not the C-terminal globular domain, of C(3)G is critical for the formation of antiparall ...
... formation. Both the N- and C-terminal deletions significantly reduce or abolish meiotic recombination similarly to c(3)G null homozygotes. To explain these data, we propose that in Drosophila the N terminus, but not the C-terminal globular domain, of C(3)G is critical for the formation of antiparall ...
Chapter 21 (part 1) - University of Nevada, Reno
... • RNA polymerase has two binding sites for NTPs • Initiation site prefers to binds ATP and GTP (most RNAs begin with a purine at 5'-end) • Elongation site binds the second incoming NTP • 3'-OH of first attacks alpha-P of second to form a ...
... • RNA polymerase has two binding sites for NTPs • Initiation site prefers to binds ATP and GTP (most RNAs begin with a purine at 5'-end) • Elongation site binds the second incoming NTP • 3'-OH of first attacks alpha-P of second to form a ...
Aspects of growth factor signal transduction in the cell cytoplasm
... have been determined (Waksman et al., 1992) and give important insights into the interactions. The phosphotyrosine protrudes into a pocket to interact with lysine 203 and arginines 175 and 155 (numbered according to v-src; Takeya and Hanafusa, 1983) in the SH2 domain. The invariant arginine 175 is b ...
... have been determined (Waksman et al., 1992) and give important insights into the interactions. The phosphotyrosine protrudes into a pocket to interact with lysine 203 and arginines 175 and 155 (numbered according to v-src; Takeya and Hanafusa, 1983) in the SH2 domain. The invariant arginine 175 is b ...
8. ARTÍCULOS
... The HERC family can in turn be divided into two subfamilies: the large HERCs (HERC1 and HERC2) are giant proteins almost 5000 amino acid residues long, encoded in chromosome 15 [7] and possessing at least two RLDs and other known sequence motifs in addition to the HECT, whereas the small HERCs (HERC ...
... The HERC family can in turn be divided into two subfamilies: the large HERCs (HERC1 and HERC2) are giant proteins almost 5000 amino acid residues long, encoded in chromosome 15 [7] and possessing at least two RLDs and other known sequence motifs in addition to the HECT, whereas the small HERCs (HERC ...
Interpro - European Bioinformatics Institute
... Pairwise alignment approaches (e.g., BLAST) • Good at recognising similarity between closely related sequences • Perform less well at detecting divergent homologues ...
... Pairwise alignment approaches (e.g., BLAST) • Good at recognising similarity between closely related sequences • Perform less well at detecting divergent homologues ...
Cell Cycle in the Fucus Zygote Parallels a Somatic Cell
... success of various cell cycle events such as DNA replication and the integrity of the spindle, preventing mitosis until accurate repairs have been performed (Rudner and Murray, 1996; Paulovich et al., 1997). CDKs are a major target of these checkpoints, and their regulation after checkpoint activati ...
... success of various cell cycle events such as DNA replication and the integrity of the spindle, preventing mitosis until accurate repairs have been performed (Rudner and Murray, 1996; Paulovich et al., 1997). CDKs are a major target of these checkpoints, and their regulation after checkpoint activati ...
Guard Cells Possess a Calcium-Dependent
... stomata and stimulates closure of open stomata in isolated epidermal peels of Commelina communis (De Silva et al., 1985; Schwartz, 1985; Schwartz et al., 1988); such Ca21 application is known to increase cytosolic Ca21 levels (Gilroy et al., 1991). In addition, a variety of stimuli such as ABA, CO2, ...
... stomata and stimulates closure of open stomata in isolated epidermal peels of Commelina communis (De Silva et al., 1985; Schwartz, 1985; Schwartz et al., 1988); such Ca21 application is known to increase cytosolic Ca21 levels (Gilroy et al., 1991). In addition, a variety of stimuli such as ABA, CO2, ...
MEF2 and HDAC Proteins Regulate Striated Muscle
... The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of ...
... The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of ...
Histone acetylation and deacetylation
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are essential parts of gene regulation. These reactions are typically catalysed by enzymes with ""histone acetyltransferase"" (HAT) or ""histone deacetylase"" (HDAC) activity. Acetylation is the process where an acetyl functional group is transferred from one molecule (in this case, Acetyl-Coenzyme A) to another. Deacetylation is simply the reverse reaction where an acetyl group is removed from a molecule.Acetylated histones, octameric proteins that organize chromatin into nucleosomes and ultimately higher order structures, represent a type of epigenetic marker within chromatin. Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing the interaction of the N termini of histones with the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA. As a consequence, the condensed chromatin is transformed into a more relaxed structure that is associated with greater levels of gene transcription. This relaxation can be reversed by HDAC activity. Relaxed, transcriptionally active DNA is referred to as euchromatin. More condensed (tightly packed) DNA is referred to as heterochromatin. Condensation can be brought about by processes including deacetylation and methylation; the action of methylation is indirect and has no effect upon charge.