The speed of learning instructed stimulus
... Keywords: Rapid instructed task learning, Pre-frontal cortex, Inferior-temporal Cortex, Hippocampus, synaptic learning Abstract Humans can learn associations between visual stimuli and motor responses from just a single instruction. This is known to be a fast process, but how fast is it? To answer t ...
... Keywords: Rapid instructed task learning, Pre-frontal cortex, Inferior-temporal Cortex, Hippocampus, synaptic learning Abstract Humans can learn associations between visual stimuli and motor responses from just a single instruction. This is known to be a fast process, but how fast is it? To answer t ...
The Timing of Response Onset and Offset in Macaque
... off was ⌬AP, the onset latency for the response to the AP transition minus the offset latency for the response to the P-to-A (PA) transition. For ternary sequences, which contained antipreferred and null (in addition to preferred) stimuli, we computed ⌬AP and a comparable measure for the N stimuli, ...
... off was ⌬AP, the onset latency for the response to the AP transition minus the offset latency for the response to the P-to-A (PA) transition. For ternary sequences, which contained antipreferred and null (in addition to preferred) stimuli, we computed ⌬AP and a comparable measure for the N stimuli, ...
CATEGORIES IN THE PIGEON BRAIN - Ruhr-Universität
... peri-peck time histograms for peaks of spiking activity near time point 0. Materials, recording, and spike sorting procedure have been described in greater detail by Starosta et al. (2013, 2014). Data Analysis To analyze our data, we used custom-written Matlab code. For each pigeon, we constructed a ...
... peri-peck time histograms for peaks of spiking activity near time point 0. Materials, recording, and spike sorting procedure have been described in greater detail by Starosta et al. (2013, 2014). Data Analysis To analyze our data, we used custom-written Matlab code. For each pigeon, we constructed a ...
Lateral Corticospinal Tract In the Spinal Cord
... This patient had a selective lesion of one pyramid. Which pyramid was damaged? What functional consequences would you expect? L ...
... This patient had a selective lesion of one pyramid. Which pyramid was damaged? What functional consequences would you expect? L ...
Interactions between attention, context and learning in primary
... receptive field by itself does not activate the cell, yet when presented in conjunction with a line within the receptive field can triple the response of the cell, indicates a substantial degree of non-linearity in cell responses. The facilitation can be blocked by placing a perpendicular line betwe ...
... receptive field by itself does not activate the cell, yet when presented in conjunction with a line within the receptive field can triple the response of the cell, indicates a substantial degree of non-linearity in cell responses. The facilitation can be blocked by placing a perpendicular line betwe ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... exact relationship between the measured fMRI signal and the underlying neural activity is unclear. Here we present simultaneous intracortical recordings of neural signals and fMRI responses. We compared local ®eld potentials (LFPs), single- and multi-unit spiking activity with highly spatio-temporal ...
... exact relationship between the measured fMRI signal and the underlying neural activity is unclear. Here we present simultaneous intracortical recordings of neural signals and fMRI responses. We compared local ®eld potentials (LFPs), single- and multi-unit spiking activity with highly spatio-temporal ...
Relative timing: from behaviour to neurons
... SOA is positive when stimulus A is presented first and negative when stimulus B is presented first. The single-headed arrow (green) corresponds to the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS), the SOA that corresponds to 50% on the ordinate. The double-headed arrow (blue) indicates the just notable di ...
... SOA is positive when stimulus A is presented first and negative when stimulus B is presented first. The single-headed arrow (green) corresponds to the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS), the SOA that corresponds to 50% on the ordinate. The double-headed arrow (blue) indicates the just notable di ...
ATTENTIONAL MODULATION OF VISUAL PROCESSING John H
... field of a V4 neuron while the monkey attended away from the receptive field to detect a target and earn a juice reward. The stimulus appeared at one of three levels of luminance contrast, two of which (5%, bottom panel, and 10%, middle panel) were too faint to elicit a response. That is, they were ...
... field of a V4 neuron while the monkey attended away from the receptive field to detect a target and earn a juice reward. The stimulus appeared at one of three levels of luminance contrast, two of which (5%, bottom panel, and 10%, middle panel) were too faint to elicit a response. That is, they were ...
INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH POPULATION CODES
... In this section, we shall address the following question: what information about the direction of a moving object is available from the response of a population of neurons? Let us take a hypothetical experiment. Imagine that we record the activity of 64 neurons from area MT, and that these neurons h ...
... In this section, we shall address the following question: what information about the direction of a moving object is available from the response of a population of neurons? Let us take a hypothetical experiment. Imagine that we record the activity of 64 neurons from area MT, and that these neurons h ...
Features of Neuronal Synchrony in Mouse Visual Cortex
... Off-line analysis was performed using LabVIEW (National Instruments, Austin, TX) and IDL (Research Systems, Boulder, CO). Oscillatory response modulation and synchronization were analyzed by computing and averaging auto- and cross-correlograms for all trials per condition and recording site with a b ...
... Off-line analysis was performed using LabVIEW (National Instruments, Austin, TX) and IDL (Research Systems, Boulder, CO). Oscillatory response modulation and synchronization were analyzed by computing and averaging auto- and cross-correlograms for all trials per condition and recording site with a b ...
The effect of learning on the face selective responses of neurons in
... occur in a population of neurons when that population stores new information. In this study, we investigated whether individual neurons in this region alter the degree to which they respond to different stimuli when the set of stimuli starts as novel and is repeated until it becomes familiar. This m ...
... occur in a population of neurons when that population stores new information. In this study, we investigated whether individual neurons in this region alter the degree to which they respond to different stimuli when the set of stimuli starts as novel and is repeated until it becomes familiar. This m ...
Applauding with Closed Hands: Neural Signature of Action
... Background: Behavioral studies have provided evidence for an action–sentence compatibility effect (ACE) that suggests a coupling of motor mechanisms and action-sentence comprehension. When both processes are concurrent, the action sentence primes the actual movement, and simultaneously, the action a ...
... Background: Behavioral studies have provided evidence for an action–sentence compatibility effect (ACE) that suggests a coupling of motor mechanisms and action-sentence comprehension. When both processes are concurrent, the action sentence primes the actual movement, and simultaneously, the action a ...
PDF of article - Janelia Research Campus
... physiological investigations into these different aspects of sensorimotor integration. Behavioral state-dependence of visual-motor transformation in flies ...
... physiological investigations into these different aspects of sensorimotor integration. Behavioral state-dependence of visual-motor transformation in flies ...
excitation and inhibition of the reflex eye withdrawal of the crab
... 250 impulses/sec, it reaches a peak of about 400 impulses/sec, after 10-20 msec, and then gradually slows down to approximately 200 impulses/sec, before stopping abruptly (Fig. 2a). A short burst reaches the peak frequency in the same time as the long burst but has a shorter tail. The interburst int ...
... 250 impulses/sec, it reaches a peak of about 400 impulses/sec, after 10-20 msec, and then gradually slows down to approximately 200 impulses/sec, before stopping abruptly (Fig. 2a). A short burst reaches the peak frequency in the same time as the long burst but has a shorter tail. The interburst int ...
A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white
... were oriented in the intercommissural (AC–PC) plane. The eddy current distortions between diffusion weightings were typically less than two voxels. Analysis of eye movement data The EOG data were low-pass filtered at 30 Hz and scored in MATLAB (Mathworks, Natick, MA) using a partially automated progr ...
... were oriented in the intercommissural (AC–PC) plane. The eddy current distortions between diffusion weightings were typically less than two voxels. Analysis of eye movement data The EOG data were low-pass filtered at 30 Hz and scored in MATLAB (Mathworks, Natick, MA) using a partially automated progr ...
Chronic multiunit recordings in behaving animals: advantages and
... Fine Wire Company, USA; 25 mm diameter) were implanted with the aid of a binocular microscope in the operculum of one hemisphere of V1. The number of electrodes inserted was around 80. The electrodes have different lengths. Typically we used electrode lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.8 mm to record neural re ...
... Fine Wire Company, USA; 25 mm diameter) were implanted with the aid of a binocular microscope in the operculum of one hemisphere of V1. The number of electrodes inserted was around 80. The electrodes have different lengths. Typically we used electrode lengths of 0.5 mm and 1.8 mm to record neural re ...
Neurophysiological Aspects of Song Pattern Recognition and Sound
... of this species can lateralize sound with less than 1 dB difference between the two ears. Behavioral experiments suggested that separate pathways exist for song recognition and sound localization. As for the neurophysiological basis, auditory receptors respond tonically and necessarily carry all inf ...
... of this species can lateralize sound with less than 1 dB difference between the two ears. Behavioral experiments suggested that separate pathways exist for song recognition and sound localization. As for the neurophysiological basis, auditory receptors respond tonically and necessarily carry all inf ...
Chapter 143: Auditory System - Physiology
... The middle ear serves to transmit sound energy from the air space in the external auditory meatus to the fluid in the cochlea. This coupling is accomplished through the vibration of the three middle ear ossicles. The movement of the tympanic membrane in response to pressure changes in the external e ...
... The middle ear serves to transmit sound energy from the air space in the external auditory meatus to the fluid in the cochlea. This coupling is accomplished through the vibration of the three middle ear ossicles. The movement of the tympanic membrane in response to pressure changes in the external e ...
Expectation of reward modulates cognitive signals in the basal ganglia
... basal ganglia, either by disinhibition or by enhancement of inhibition14–16. Anatomically, the striatal projection neurons are characterized by many spines on their dendrites 17,18 , to which glutamatergic cortico-striatal axons and dopaminergic axons make synaptic contacts19,20. Dopaminergic neuron ...
... basal ganglia, either by disinhibition or by enhancement of inhibition14–16. Anatomically, the striatal projection neurons are characterized by many spines on their dendrites 17,18 , to which glutamatergic cortico-striatal axons and dopaminergic axons make synaptic contacts19,20. Dopaminergic neuron ...
ppt
... representations of body part movements. not visual representations of the same motor goal achieved by different effectors Parieto-frontal mirror neurons can be triggered by different visual stimuli (for example, hand and mouth actions) that have a common goal (for example, grasping) ...
... representations of body part movements. not visual representations of the same motor goal achieved by different effectors Parieto-frontal mirror neurons can be triggered by different visual stimuli (for example, hand and mouth actions) that have a common goal (for example, grasping) ...
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10:1
... the representation exhibit strong, nonmonotonic transients. These transients serve as internal recurrent signals that force the ensemble representation to change more rapidly than if it were limited by the time constants of individual neurons. These transients, if they exist, could be observed in ex ...
... the representation exhibit strong, nonmonotonic transients. These transients serve as internal recurrent signals that force the ensemble representation to change more rapidly than if it were limited by the time constants of individual neurons. These transients, if they exist, could be observed in ex ...
Competitive Dynamics in Cortical Responses to Visual Stimuli
... visual processing in IT. These issues are taken up in the present paper. In this study, we have used a simulation-based approach to characterize oscillatory activity and related phenomena in networks consisting of populations of neurons that are responsive to different visual stimuli and that mutual ...
... visual processing in IT. These issues are taken up in the present paper. In this study, we have used a simulation-based approach to characterize oscillatory activity and related phenomena in networks consisting of populations of neurons that are responsive to different visual stimuli and that mutual ...
Experiment HN-6: Hoffman Reflex using the Soleus Muscle
... to injuries and various therapies. An example of this is clear in people who have recently sprained their ankle. The very definition of a sprain injury is damage to a ligament, however, ligaments are noncontractile. After an injury the strength measurements recorded from the individual at the involv ...
... to injuries and various therapies. An example of this is clear in people who have recently sprained their ankle. The very definition of a sprain injury is damage to a ligament, however, ligaments are noncontractile. After an injury the strength measurements recorded from the individual at the involv ...
Neural Correlates of Perceived Brightness in the Retina, Lateral
... system: striate cortex, LGN, and optic tract. For the cortical recordings, a 2 3 2 mm craniotomy was made above the central visual field representation of striate cortex, and a small portion of the dura was resected. A glass-insulated tungsten electrode was then lowered to the cortical surface, and ...
... system: striate cortex, LGN, and optic tract. For the cortical recordings, a 2 3 2 mm craniotomy was made above the central visual field representation of striate cortex, and a small portion of the dura was resected. A glass-insulated tungsten electrode was then lowered to the cortical surface, and ...
The response of cat visual cortex to flicker stimuli of variable frequency
... electrodes. These RFs had previously been plotted with hand-held stimuli and were all located within 10 ° of the centre of gaze. The intensity (luminance) and duration of the stimuli were 2.2 mW/ 1337 cm2 and 20 µs, respectively. In the first two experiments, the frequency of the flicker stimuli was ...
... electrodes. These RFs had previously been plotted with hand-held stimuli and were all located within 10 ° of the centre of gaze. The intensity (luminance) and duration of the stimuli were 2.2 mW/ 1337 cm2 and 20 µs, respectively. In the first two experiments, the frequency of the flicker stimuli was ...
Response priming
In the psychology of perception and motor control, the term response priming denotes a special form of priming. Generally, priming effects take place whenever a response to a target stimulus is influenced by a prime stimulus presented at an earlier time. The distinctive feature of response priming is that prime and target are presented in quick succession (typically, less than 100 milliseconds apart) and are coupled to identical or alternative motor responses. When a speeded motor response is performed to classify the target stimulus, a prime immediately preceding the target can thus induce response conflicts when assigned to a different response as the target. These response conflicts have observable effects on motor behavior, leading to priming effects, e.g., in response times and error rates. A special property of response priming is its independence from visual awareness of the prime.