Suppression of Neural Responses to Nonoptimal Stimuli Correlates
... An increase in the firing rate of a neuron, as measured extracellularly, will be termed an “enhancement” of the neuron’s response relative to some baseline. Similarly, a decrease in the firing rate of a neuron will be termed a “suppression” of the neuron’s response. Enhancement and suppression are a ...
... An increase in the firing rate of a neuron, as measured extracellularly, will be termed an “enhancement” of the neuron’s response relative to some baseline. Similarly, a decrease in the firing rate of a neuron will be termed a “suppression” of the neuron’s response. Enhancement and suppression are a ...
Scene perception: inferior temporal cortex neurons encode the
... object of 64 · 64 and a greyscale resolution of 255), and the centre of the parafoveal objects was offset 10 diagonally from the fovea. [The spatial resolution of the objects was much greater than the typical spatial frequency requirement of IT cells, which respond well to stimuli provided that the ...
... object of 64 · 64 and a greyscale resolution of 255), and the centre of the parafoveal objects was offset 10 diagonally from the fovea. [The spatial resolution of the objects was much greater than the typical spatial frequency requirement of IT cells, which respond well to stimuli provided that the ...
Location of the polysensory zone in the precentral gyrus
... face and the arm, the neurons responded to visual stimuli (rectangles around penetration sites) in addition to somatosensory stimuli. This small, relatively discrete zone of polysensory responses, in this monkey, lies just beneath the spur of the arcuate. It is this region that we call the PZ. The b ...
... face and the arm, the neurons responded to visual stimuli (rectangles around penetration sites) in addition to somatosensory stimuli. This small, relatively discrete zone of polysensory responses, in this monkey, lies just beneath the spur of the arcuate. It is this region that we call the PZ. The b ...
Visual Receptive Field Properties of Neurons in the Superficial
... four to six trials. The interval between stimuli was 0.5 s. The response to a particular stimulus condition, R, was obtained by averaging the number of spikes over the 1.5 s stimulus duration, across all trials and subtracting the spontaneous rate. We determined the direction at which the response w ...
... four to six trials. The interval between stimuli was 0.5 s. The response to a particular stimulus condition, R, was obtained by averaging the number of spikes over the 1.5 s stimulus duration, across all trials and subtracting the spontaneous rate. We determined the direction at which the response w ...
Saccadic Suppression of Retinotopically Localized Blood Oxygen
... run. For purposes of quality control, all detected saccadic onsets from all trials were visually inspected by plotting them recursively over the trial period ranging from 100 ms before and after the detected onset point (supplemental Fig. 4, available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material). ...
... run. For purposes of quality control, all detected saccadic onsets from all trials were visually inspected by plotting them recursively over the trial period ranging from 100 ms before and after the detected onset point (supplemental Fig. 4, available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material). ...
A simultaneous ERP/fMRI investigation of the P300 aging effect
... components that is apparent across a range of different tasks (Fabiani et al., 1998; Friedman, 2003; Richardson et al., 2011; West et al., 2010). This increasingly frontal orientation appears to mirror 1 of the most consistently observed phenomena in neuroimaging investigations of aging; the greater ...
... components that is apparent across a range of different tasks (Fabiani et al., 1998; Friedman, 2003; Richardson et al., 2011; West et al., 2010). This increasingly frontal orientation appears to mirror 1 of the most consistently observed phenomena in neuroimaging investigations of aging; the greater ...
Hasson-JNeurosci2008.. - Center for Neural Science
... ability of the response of a neuron can vary greatly depending on the stimulus. Upon repeated presentations, certain stimuli elicit spikes at predictable, repeatable times whereas others, although they may elicit a similar average firing rate, do not drive the neuron in a precisely predictable way ( ...
... ability of the response of a neuron can vary greatly depending on the stimulus. Upon repeated presentations, certain stimuli elicit spikes at predictable, repeatable times whereas others, although they may elicit a similar average firing rate, do not drive the neuron in a precisely predictable way ( ...
Visual and oculomotor selection: links, causes and
... visual responses in V4 neurons at retinotopically corresponding locations, whereas responses at other locations were suppressed. Interestingly, both the enhancement and suppression effects depended on the presence of additional ‘distracter’ stimuli outside the V4 neuron receptive field, as has been ...
... visual responses in V4 neurons at retinotopically corresponding locations, whereas responses at other locations were suppressed. Interestingly, both the enhancement and suppression effects depended on the presence of additional ‘distracter’ stimuli outside the V4 neuron receptive field, as has been ...
Nat Methods 6:219-224 - University of British Columbia
... To estimate the area of cortex activated by light pulses, we examined intrinsic optical signals (IOS) in response to 100 ms trains of light pulses and found them to spread over 1,012 ± 316 mm (n ¼ 4 mice, measured at full width at half-maximal amplitude; Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Fig. ...
... To estimate the area of cortex activated by light pulses, we examined intrinsic optical signals (IOS) in response to 100 ms trains of light pulses and found them to spread over 1,012 ± 316 mm (n ¼ 4 mice, measured at full width at half-maximal amplitude; Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Fig. ...
NIH Public Access
... With respect to the various methods employed in previous studies to prime reinstatement of drug seeking behavior, both diffuse (environmental context; [6]) and discrete (conditioned stimuli; [7,27]) cues have been evaluated, as well as the administration of the unconditioned stimulus (drug itself; [ ...
... With respect to the various methods employed in previous studies to prime reinstatement of drug seeking behavior, both diffuse (environmental context; [6]) and discrete (conditioned stimuli; [7,27]) cues have been evaluated, as well as the administration of the unconditioned stimulus (drug itself; [ ...
Single-trial decoding of intended eye movement goals from lateral
... analyzing neurons with low firing rates and short epochs. The quantile indexes were used as r in Eq. 1. MI was compared against a null distribution obtained by shuffling target locations and calculating MI for 1,000 different shuffles. We labeled neurons as having significant target location informa ...
... analyzing neurons with low firing rates and short epochs. The quantile indexes were used as r in Eq. 1. MI was compared against a null distribution obtained by shuffling target locations and calculating MI for 1,000 different shuffles. We labeled neurons as having significant target location informa ...
The dual nature of time preparation: neural
... attained, then the subject was to maintain this force during 3 s. This period of time corresponded to the isometric press and to the foreperiod durations. If the force was (over or below) the predefined range before the end of the 3-s period, the subject should initiate another correct isometric pres ...
... attained, then the subject was to maintain this force during 3 s. This period of time corresponded to the isometric press and to the foreperiod durations. If the force was (over or below) the predefined range before the end of the 3-s period, the subject should initiate another correct isometric pres ...
Leading tonically active neurons of the striatum from reward
... Do TANs report an error in the prediction of reward? Given the suggestion that TANs might receive reward information from the midbrain DA neurons, there has been much interest in the possible contribution of TANs to reinforcement learning. In particular, it is important to know whether TANs might pr ...
... Do TANs report an error in the prediction of reward? Given the suggestion that TANs might receive reward information from the midbrain DA neurons, there has been much interest in the possible contribution of TANs to reinforcement learning. In particular, it is important to know whether TANs might pr ...
Neural correlates of a decision in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of
... and PS region, we also encountered many neurons that modulated their activity only during the delay after the random dot motion was turned off, presumably after the monkey had reached its decision. This activity (Fig. 3a) clearly predicted the monkey’s plan to look to the target in the RF on the mem ...
... and PS region, we also encountered many neurons that modulated their activity only during the delay after the random dot motion was turned off, presumably after the monkey had reached its decision. This activity (Fig. 3a) clearly predicted the monkey’s plan to look to the target in the RF on the mem ...
The role responses of expression and identity in the face
... neuron were measured to a standard digitized set of stimuli of different faces and of non-face stimuli ~. If a neuron responded to one or more of the faces, but to none of the non-face stimuli in the set, then a wide range of digitized and real 3-dimensional non-face stimuli were shown, to determine ...
... neuron were measured to a standard digitized set of stimuli of different faces and of non-face stimuli ~. If a neuron responded to one or more of the faces, but to none of the non-face stimuli in the set, then a wide range of digitized and real 3-dimensional non-face stimuli were shown, to determine ...
Can the negative deflections found with EEG on frontocentral
... experimental manipulations modulate these negative deflections in the next chapter. Beside experimental manipulitions it is also useful to look into the fMRI literature in what kind of tasks the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is more active. ...
... experimental manipulations modulate these negative deflections in the next chapter. Beside experimental manipulitions it is also useful to look into the fMRI literature in what kind of tasks the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is more active. ...
Visual Cortex and Control Processes Stimuli in Opposite Visual
... hemifields did not influence each other within occipital visual cortex in that study, interacting only at the higher level of parietal cortex where some suppression of the response to one hemifield by addition of a concurrent stimulus in the other hemifield was found. Schwartz et al. (2005) therefor ...
... hemifields did not influence each other within occipital visual cortex in that study, interacting only at the higher level of parietal cortex where some suppression of the response to one hemifield by addition of a concurrent stimulus in the other hemifield was found. Schwartz et al. (2005) therefor ...
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of
... opposite types of center-surround interaction with respect to moving visual stimuli. In one type of column, neurons responded well to objects such as a single bar or spot but poorly to large textured stimuli such as random dots. This was often due to the fact that the receptive fields had antagonist ...
... opposite types of center-surround interaction with respect to moving visual stimuli. In one type of column, neurons responded well to objects such as a single bar or spot but poorly to large textured stimuli such as random dots. This was often due to the fact that the receptive fields had antagonist ...
The Biological Bases of Time-to
... shown in tethered, flying locusts, that approaching objects elicit a steering avoidance response when the approaching object reaches a critical angular size, thus indicating that some thresholding probably occurs in this pathway. What are the critical features of a symmetrically expanding image that ...
... shown in tethered, flying locusts, that approaching objects elicit a steering avoidance response when the approaching object reaches a critical angular size, thus indicating that some thresholding probably occurs in this pathway. What are the critical features of a symmetrically expanding image that ...
Visuomotor neurons: ambiguity of the discharge or `motor` perception?
... gaze deviated 308 to the left. In B1 and B2 conditions the visual stimulus is moved outside the receptive field and no responses are recorded from the neuron, also when the gaze is deviated towards the stimulus ŽB2.. This last condition is the critical one that allows to determine whether F4 visual ...
... gaze deviated 308 to the left. In B1 and B2 conditions the visual stimulus is moved outside the receptive field and no responses are recorded from the neuron, also when the gaze is deviated towards the stimulus ŽB2.. This last condition is the critical one that allows to determine whether F4 visual ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... Extrastriate Summary Remapping occurs at early stages of the visual hierarchy. Corollary discharge has an impact far back into the system. Remapping implies widespread connectivity in which many neurons have rapid access to information well beyond the classical receptive field. Vision is an active ...
... Extrastriate Summary Remapping occurs at early stages of the visual hierarchy. Corollary discharge has an impact far back into the system. Remapping implies widespread connectivity in which many neurons have rapid access to information well beyond the classical receptive field. Vision is an active ...
Tricas 2008
... often been characterized as a core conductor in which the electric potential at the pore is represented within the associated ampulla. Brown’s work indicates that the shark hydrogel has a lower admittance than seawater (or synthetic hydrogels) and promotes a charge induced voltage gradient along the ...
... often been characterized as a core conductor in which the electric potential at the pore is represented within the associated ampulla. Brown’s work indicates that the shark hydrogel has a lower admittance than seawater (or synthetic hydrogels) and promotes a charge induced voltage gradient along the ...
Reinforcement - Karl Pribram
... subject to alteration bY-.§jgnals of mismatch; (i.e., a partial match); it leads to "exRectancies" of the environment by the organism. Such a process has been stated mathematically (MacKey. 1956),;. its implications for psychology (e.g., in percep~ readiness) have been detailed (Bruner, 1957). Here ...
... subject to alteration bY-.§jgnals of mismatch; (i.e., a partial match); it leads to "exRectancies" of the environment by the organism. Such a process has been stated mathematically (MacKey. 1956),;. its implications for psychology (e.g., in percep~ readiness) have been detailed (Bruner, 1957). Here ...
The computational and neural basis of voluntary motor control and
... clarifies is that control is highly specific to the ongoing behavioural goal. Perturbations do not just elicit stereotypical motor reflexes, but also voluntary control processes ...
... clarifies is that control is highly specific to the ongoing behavioural goal. Perturbations do not just elicit stereotypical motor reflexes, but also voluntary control processes ...
No Binocular Rivalry in the LGN of Alert Macaque Monkeys
... stainless steel recording chamber around it. The craniotomy was directly dorsal to the LGN. All surgery was conducted under aseptic conditions while the animals were under deep isoflurane anesthesia. Tungsten microelectrodes with paralene insulation and a polyimide outer sheath were used (Micro Prob ...
... stainless steel recording chamber around it. The craniotomy was directly dorsal to the LGN. All surgery was conducted under aseptic conditions while the animals were under deep isoflurane anesthesia. Tungsten microelectrodes with paralene insulation and a polyimide outer sheath were used (Micro Prob ...
Response priming
In the psychology of perception and motor control, the term response priming denotes a special form of priming. Generally, priming effects take place whenever a response to a target stimulus is influenced by a prime stimulus presented at an earlier time. The distinctive feature of response priming is that prime and target are presented in quick succession (typically, less than 100 milliseconds apart) and are coupled to identical or alternative motor responses. When a speeded motor response is performed to classify the target stimulus, a prime immediately preceding the target can thus induce response conflicts when assigned to a different response as the target. These response conflicts have observable effects on motor behavior, leading to priming effects, e.g., in response times and error rates. A special property of response priming is its independence from visual awareness of the prime.