C7 Revision Notes 2015
... •Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds. •Organic chemistry covers most fuels, plastics and synthetic fibers, as well as drugs and various classes of biomolecules. •Organic molecules are grouped into a number of classes. •The best-known are hydrocarbons, which are made of only carb ...
... •Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds. •Organic chemistry covers most fuels, plastics and synthetic fibers, as well as drugs and various classes of biomolecules. •Organic molecules are grouped into a number of classes. •The best-known are hydrocarbons, which are made of only carb ...
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, CFS, IIUM
... Acid is a substance that has H in its formula and dissociates in water to yield H3O+. Base is a substance that has OH in its formula and produces OH - in water. According to Bronsted-Lowry Theory: Acid is a proton donor, any species that donates an H + ion. Base is a proton acceptor, any species tha ...
... Acid is a substance that has H in its formula and dissociates in water to yield H3O+. Base is a substance that has OH in its formula and produces OH - in water. According to Bronsted-Lowry Theory: Acid is a proton donor, any species that donates an H + ion. Base is a proton acceptor, any species tha ...
Chemistry 30 - SharpSchool
... When a solution with a pH of 3 is compared to a solution with a pH of 5, you could say that the solution with a pH of 3 has A. higher acidity and lower [H3O+(aq)] B. higher acidity and higher [H3O+(aq)] C. lower acidity and lower [H3O+(aq)] D. lower acidity and lower [H3O+(aq)] ...
... When a solution with a pH of 3 is compared to a solution with a pH of 5, you could say that the solution with a pH of 3 has A. higher acidity and lower [H3O+(aq)] B. higher acidity and higher [H3O+(aq)] C. lower acidity and lower [H3O+(aq)] D. lower acidity and lower [H3O+(aq)] ...
Print out Reviews # 1 through # 17
... 6. Round off each of the following measurements to 3 significant figures. (A) 98.473 L (B) 12.17 oC (C) 0.00076321 kg (D) 7.485 x 104 mm (E) 57.048 m (F) 1764.9 mL 7. Distinguish between accuracy and precision of a measurement. 8. A technician experimentally determined the boiling point of octane as ...
... 6. Round off each of the following measurements to 3 significant figures. (A) 98.473 L (B) 12.17 oC (C) 0.00076321 kg (D) 7.485 x 104 mm (E) 57.048 m (F) 1764.9 mL 7. Distinguish between accuracy and precision of a measurement. 8. A technician experimentally determined the boiling point of octane as ...
Boronic acids facilitate rapid oxime condensations at neutral pH
... Bioconjugation reactions create multifunctional molecules from monofunctional components, a molecular plug-and-play that is invaluable in modern biological research.1 Still underdeveloped, however, are biocompatible (neutral pH, tolerant to biothiols) coupling reactions that proceed fast enough to a ...
... Bioconjugation reactions create multifunctional molecules from monofunctional components, a molecular plug-and-play that is invaluable in modern biological research.1 Still underdeveloped, however, are biocompatible (neutral pH, tolerant to biothiols) coupling reactions that proceed fast enough to a ...
SOLUBILITY RULES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER
... 2. Ammonia decomposes according to the reaction: 2NH3 (g) ⇆ N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) A 2.00 liter tank is originally charged with 0.500 moles of ammonia, and at equilibrium it is found that the ammonia is 16.5% decomposed. Calculate the numerical value of the Kc for the above reaction. 3. A tank of O2 has a ...
... 2. Ammonia decomposes according to the reaction: 2NH3 (g) ⇆ N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) A 2.00 liter tank is originally charged with 0.500 moles of ammonia, and at equilibrium it is found that the ammonia is 16.5% decomposed. Calculate the numerical value of the Kc for the above reaction. 3. A tank of O2 has a ...
31 BIOMOLECULES Y MODULE - 7
... (iii) Cell walls of bacteria and plants are made up of cellulose. It may be of interest to note that human digestive system does not have the enzymes required for the digestion of cellulose but some animals do have such enzymes. (iv) Some carbohydrates are also linked to many proteins and lipids. Th ...
... (iii) Cell walls of bacteria and plants are made up of cellulose. It may be of interest to note that human digestive system does not have the enzymes required for the digestion of cellulose but some animals do have such enzymes. (iv) Some carbohydrates are also linked to many proteins and lipids. Th ...
chemical kinetics type 1.mdi
... Activated complex. It is defined as unstable intermediate formed between reacting molecules which is highly unstable and readily changes into product. Thermodynamic stability. A mixture of substances may not undergo reaction although thermodynamic predict the reaction to be spontaneous. Such substan ...
... Activated complex. It is defined as unstable intermediate formed between reacting molecules which is highly unstable and readily changes into product. Thermodynamic stability. A mixture of substances may not undergo reaction although thermodynamic predict the reaction to be spontaneous. Such substan ...
class notes 4
... chemical reaction and limits the amount of product. The reactant is excess (or excess reagent) is any reactant that occurs in a quantity greater than is required to completely react with the limiting reactant. Or what’s left over. The theoretical yield is the amount of product that can be made in a ...
... chemical reaction and limits the amount of product. The reactant is excess (or excess reagent) is any reactant that occurs in a quantity greater than is required to completely react with the limiting reactant. Or what’s left over. The theoretical yield is the amount of product that can be made in a ...
Document
... Catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction ◦ Provide a new, lower energy pathway ◦ Forward and reverse reactions pass through the same transition state ◦ Rate for forward and reverse reactions increase by the same factor ◦ Does not affect the composition of the equilibrium mixture ◦ Does not ...
... Catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction ◦ Provide a new, lower energy pathway ◦ Forward and reverse reactions pass through the same transition state ◦ Rate for forward and reverse reactions increase by the same factor ◦ Does not affect the composition of the equilibrium mixture ◦ Does not ...
Chapter 19 CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS 19.1 SPONTANEOUS
... the number of possible microstates increases and so does the entropy. In water vapor, the molecules are essentially independent of one another and have their full range of translational, vibrational, and rotational motions. Thus, water vapor has an even greater number of possible microstates and the ...
... the number of possible microstates increases and so does the entropy. In water vapor, the molecules are essentially independent of one another and have their full range of translational, vibrational, and rotational motions. Thus, water vapor has an even greater number of possible microstates and the ...
St. Xavier`s College – Autonomous Mumbai Syllabus for 3 Semester
... LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. To introduce students to the basic concepts involved in chemical bonding. 2. To help students to determine the shape of a molecule by applying VSEPR theory. 3. To encourage students to analyze and integrate concepts relevant to inorganic chemistry required to understand compou ...
... LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. To introduce students to the basic concepts involved in chemical bonding. 2. To help students to determine the shape of a molecule by applying VSEPR theory. 3. To encourage students to analyze and integrate concepts relevant to inorganic chemistry required to understand compou ...
6. Thermodynamics - Sakshi Education
... equilibrium temperature (T) during the transformation. The units of ∆S are J mol–1 K–1. Entropy is a state function and is an extensive property. Ex: Ice ⇌ Water ⇌ Vapour .The order of entropy is S(g) > S(l) > S(s) Entropy increases in all spontaneous processes 6. State second law of Thermodynamics. ...
... equilibrium temperature (T) during the transformation. The units of ∆S are J mol–1 K–1. Entropy is a state function and is an extensive property. Ex: Ice ⇌ Water ⇌ Vapour .The order of entropy is S(g) > S(l) > S(s) Entropy increases in all spontaneous processes 6. State second law of Thermodynamics. ...
2.0 Chem 20 Final Review
... • The EN of the two atoms are quite different • The atom with the higher EN will remove one or more bonding e- from the other atom • Electron transfer occurs – Positive and negative ions are formed which electrically attract each other ...
... • The EN of the two atoms are quite different • The atom with the higher EN will remove one or more bonding e- from the other atom • Electron transfer occurs – Positive and negative ions are formed which electrically attract each other ...
6.02 × 1023 molecules = 1 mole
... 1. If 156.0 grams of potassium metal reacts with excess water, then how many grams of potassium hydroxide are formed? What volume of hydrogen gas, in liters, is formed at STP ? ...
... 1. If 156.0 grams of potassium metal reacts with excess water, then how many grams of potassium hydroxide are formed? What volume of hydrogen gas, in liters, is formed at STP ? ...
DRAFT AP® CHEMISTRY 2005 SCORING GUIDELINES
... partially burned wood" in pure hydrogen! Those good students shouldn't think the experiment is done in an atmosphere of pure hydrogen or they are not that good! No mention of a balloon in my text, so where did that notion come from? "Burns" may be enough for the point without an explosion pop, thoug ...
... partially burned wood" in pure hydrogen! Those good students shouldn't think the experiment is done in an atmosphere of pure hydrogen or they are not that good! No mention of a balloon in my text, so where did that notion come from? "Burns" may be enough for the point without an explosion pop, thoug ...
Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations
... • The limiting reactant is the reactant present in the smallest stoichiometric amount – In other words, it’s the reactant you’ll run out of first (in this case, the H2) ...
... • The limiting reactant is the reactant present in the smallest stoichiometric amount – In other words, it’s the reactant you’ll run out of first (in this case, the H2) ...
PHYSICAL SETTING CHEMISTRY
... questions on this separate answer sheet. Record your answers for the questions in Part B–2 and Part C in your separate answer booklet. Be sure to fill in the heading on the front of your answer booklet. All answers in your answer booklet should be written in pen, except for graphs and drawings, whic ...
... questions on this separate answer sheet. Record your answers for the questions in Part B–2 and Part C in your separate answer booklet. Be sure to fill in the heading on the front of your answer booklet. All answers in your answer booklet should be written in pen, except for graphs and drawings, whic ...
Chemistry Syllabus - Madison County Schools
... 4b. Use the ideal gas laws to explain the relationships between volume, temperature, pressure, and quantity in moles. (DOK 2) Difference between ideal and real gas Assumptions made about an ideal gas Conditions that favor an ideal gas 4c. Use the gas laws of Boyle, Charles, Gay-Lussac and Dalt ...
... 4b. Use the ideal gas laws to explain the relationships between volume, temperature, pressure, and quantity in moles. (DOK 2) Difference between ideal and real gas Assumptions made about an ideal gas Conditions that favor an ideal gas 4c. Use the gas laws of Boyle, Charles, Gay-Lussac and Dalt ...
Bioorthogonal chemistry
The term bioorthogonal chemistry refers to any chemical reaction that can occur inside of living systems without interfering with native biochemical processes. The term was coined by Carolyn R. Bertozzi in 2003. Since its introduction, the concept of the bioorthogonal reaction has enabled the study of biomolecules such as glycans, proteins, and lipids in real time in living systems without cellular toxicity. A number of chemical ligation strategies have been developed that fulfill the requirements of bioorthogonality, including the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azides and cyclooctynes (also termed copper-free click chemistry), between nitrones and cyclooctynes, oxime/hydrazone formation from aldehydes and ketones, the tetrazine ligation, the isocyanide-based click reaction, and most recently, the quadricyclane ligation.The use of bioorthogonal chemistry typically proceeds in two steps. First, a cellular substrate is modified with a bioorthogonal functional group (chemical reporter) and introduced to the cell; substrates include metabolites, enzyme inhibitors, etc. The chemical reporter must not alter the structure of the substrate dramatically to avoid affecting its bioactivity. Secondly, a probe containing the complementary functional group is introduced to react and label the substrate.Although effective bioorthogonal reactions such as copper-free click chemistry have been developed, development of new reactions continues to generate orthogonal methods for labeling to allow multiple methods of labeling to be used in the same biosystems.