112 ex iii lec outline f 04
... 1 In naming salts, the cation is written before the anion 2 Within a complex ion , the ligands are named before the metal ion 3 Ligands are listed in alphabetical order 4 Prefixes that give the number of ligands are not considered indetermining the alphabetical order 5 The names of anionic ligands e ...
... 1 In naming salts, the cation is written before the anion 2 Within a complex ion , the ligands are named before the metal ion 3 Ligands are listed in alphabetical order 4 Prefixes that give the number of ligands are not considered indetermining the alphabetical order 5 The names of anionic ligands e ...
Equilibrium STUDY GUIDE by Keshara Senanayake ---
... For some gaseous equilibrium systems, the reaction can be shifted forward or backward by changing the pressure. One way of changing the pressure of a system is by changing the volume of the container. If the total pressure of a system is increased the system will shift to reduce the pressure by proc ...
... For some gaseous equilibrium systems, the reaction can be shifted forward or backward by changing the pressure. One way of changing the pressure of a system is by changing the volume of the container. If the total pressure of a system is increased the system will shift to reduce the pressure by proc ...
Lecture 7
... Because the outer electrons are far from the nucleus and easily lost, they are all strong reducing agents. Going down the group the outer electrons get further from the nucleus and so are more weakly held. This is because of the greater distance between the nucleus and the outer electron and the inc ...
... Because the outer electrons are far from the nucleus and easily lost, they are all strong reducing agents. Going down the group the outer electrons get further from the nucleus and so are more weakly held. This is because of the greater distance between the nucleus and the outer electron and the inc ...
chemistry 110 lecture
... Keys: 1. Know the physical states of the elements (g) (l) (s) (aq) 2. Know solubility rules 3. Balancing equations a) Count and compare the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. b) Balance each element individually by placing whole numbers in front of the chemical formula c) ...
... Keys: 1. Know the physical states of the elements (g) (l) (s) (aq) 2. Know solubility rules 3. Balancing equations a) Count and compare the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. b) Balance each element individually by placing whole numbers in front of the chemical formula c) ...
June 2010 Regents Exam Part C Questions
... H2O(s) H2O(l) Which statement describes this equilibrium? (1) The H2O(s) melts faster than the H2O(l) freezes. (2) The H2O(l) freezes faster than the H2O(s) melts. (3) The mass of H2O(s) must equal the mass of H2O(l). (4) The mass of H2O(l) and the mass of H2O(s) each remain constant. Q21 A molecu ...
... H2O(s) H2O(l) Which statement describes this equilibrium? (1) The H2O(s) melts faster than the H2O(l) freezes. (2) The H2O(l) freezes faster than the H2O(s) melts. (3) The mass of H2O(s) must equal the mass of H2O(l). (4) The mass of H2O(l) and the mass of H2O(s) each remain constant. Q21 A molecu ...
Experiment 22
... reaction to shift to the right by increasing the concentration of a reactant. An increase in concentration of a product will force a shift to the left. By a similar argument we find that a decrease in reactant concentration causes a shift to the left; a decrease in product concentration produces a s ...
... reaction to shift to the right by increasing the concentration of a reactant. An increase in concentration of a product will force a shift to the left. By a similar argument we find that a decrease in reactant concentration causes a shift to the left; a decrease in product concentration produces a s ...
Mechanistic Details of the Oscillatory Belousov
... Its basic mechanism was elucidated in 1972 by Field, Koros, and Noyes, (FKN). Although its details have been debated, the FKN mechanism supplies the framework for understanding and modeling the temporal and spatial2 phenomena observed in various BZ reagents. Despite its success, the FKN mechanism ne ...
... Its basic mechanism was elucidated in 1972 by Field, Koros, and Noyes, (FKN). Although its details have been debated, the FKN mechanism supplies the framework for understanding and modeling the temporal and spatial2 phenomena observed in various BZ reagents. Despite its success, the FKN mechanism ne ...
Physical chemistry and transition elements 5.1 Rates, equilibrium
... The copper half cell would have been set up so that copper metal was in contact with its ions: a strip of copper would have been placed in a solution such as CuSO4(aq), at a concentration of 1 mol dm−3 and a temperature of 298 K. The copper metal would have been the electrode and would have been con ...
... The copper half cell would have been set up so that copper metal was in contact with its ions: a strip of copper would have been placed in a solution such as CuSO4(aq), at a concentration of 1 mol dm−3 and a temperature of 298 K. The copper metal would have been the electrode and would have been con ...
1 - Intro to Electrochemistry
... Its oxidation number _____________________ (more on this later) Example: Cu(s) Cu2+ + 2 eReduction During reduction, a substance ____________ electrons during a chemical reaction The oxidation number of the substance being reduced is ______________ in the ...
... Its oxidation number _____________________ (more on this later) Example: Cu(s) Cu2+ + 2 eReduction During reduction, a substance ____________ electrons during a chemical reaction The oxidation number of the substance being reduced is ______________ in the ...
PPT Oxidation
... • What you must be able to do is look at a redox reaction and separate out the two half-reactions in it. To do that, identify the atoms which get reduced and get oxidized. Here are the two halfreactions from the example: Ag+ ---> Ag Cu ---> Cu2+ • The silver is being reduced, its oxidation number g ...
... • What you must be able to do is look at a redox reaction and separate out the two half-reactions in it. To do that, identify the atoms which get reduced and get oxidized. Here are the two halfreactions from the example: Ag+ ---> Ag Cu ---> Cu2+ • The silver is being reduced, its oxidation number g ...
PPT Oxidation
... • What you must be able to do is look at a redox reaction and separate out the two half-reactions in it. To do that, identify the atoms which get reduced and get oxidized. Here are the two halfreactions from the example: Ag+ ---> Ag Cu ---> Cu2+ • The silver is being reduced, its oxidation number g ...
... • What you must be able to do is look at a redox reaction and separate out the two half-reactions in it. To do that, identify the atoms which get reduced and get oxidized. Here are the two halfreactions from the example: Ag+ ---> Ag Cu ---> Cu2+ • The silver is being reduced, its oxidation number g ...
Answer
... From 2010-N-13, the rate of the reaction is: rate = 2.0 × 10-3 mmol L-1 s-1 when [C4H9Cl] = 1.0 mmol L-1 and rate = 1.0 × 10-3 mmol L-1 s-1 when [C4H9Cl] = 0.5 mmol L-1 Halving the concentration, halves the rate so the reaction is first order with respect to C4H9Cl. Answer: first order How long woul ...
... From 2010-N-13, the rate of the reaction is: rate = 2.0 × 10-3 mmol L-1 s-1 when [C4H9Cl] = 1.0 mmol L-1 and rate = 1.0 × 10-3 mmol L-1 s-1 when [C4H9Cl] = 0.5 mmol L-1 Halving the concentration, halves the rate so the reaction is first order with respect to C4H9Cl. Answer: first order How long woul ...
Pauling Scale of Electronegativities for the Various Elements
... C. Changes in a few of the Pauling electronegativities improve predictions. 1. Chang Cu from 1.9 to 2.3. 2. When a transition element is at a nonmetal oxidation number (+4 → +7) increase its electronegativity by 1.1 units before adding .1 for each unit increase in oxidation number. (example Crs+ is ...
... C. Changes in a few of the Pauling electronegativities improve predictions. 1. Chang Cu from 1.9 to 2.3. 2. When a transition element is at a nonmetal oxidation number (+4 → +7) increase its electronegativity by 1.1 units before adding .1 for each unit increase in oxidation number. (example Crs+ is ...
___Mg + ___O ___MgO • Mole : Mole ratio
... 1) What is the percentage yield if 5.50 grams of hydrogen gas reacts with nitrogen gas to form 20.4 grams of ammonia (nitrogen trihydride)? 2) What is the percent yield when 2.37 grams of silver nitrate reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce water, sodium nitrate and 1.55 grams of silver oxide? ...
... 1) What is the percentage yield if 5.50 grams of hydrogen gas reacts with nitrogen gas to form 20.4 grams of ammonia (nitrogen trihydride)? 2) What is the percent yield when 2.37 grams of silver nitrate reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce water, sodium nitrate and 1.55 grams of silver oxide? ...
Role of mathematics in chemistry
... enumerate all possible topologically distinct reaction pathways. Use of artificial intelligence has proved a powerful tool to prune stray pathways in predicting chemical reactions and this, coupled with the homotopy theory, will prove more and more useful in classifying and discerning patterns of ch ...
... enumerate all possible topologically distinct reaction pathways. Use of artificial intelligence has proved a powerful tool to prune stray pathways in predicting chemical reactions and this, coupled with the homotopy theory, will prove more and more useful in classifying and discerning patterns of ch ...
File
... ______1. Which of the following will increase the Ksp of PbCl2 ? A) Addition of HCl to the solution B) Addition of Pb(NO3)2 to the solution C) An increase in temperature D) All of these. ______2. AgCl would be LEAST soluble in a solution of 1.00 molar A) HNO3 B) AgNO3 C) HCl D) BaCl2 ______3. Methan ...
... ______1. Which of the following will increase the Ksp of PbCl2 ? A) Addition of HCl to the solution B) Addition of Pb(NO3)2 to the solution C) An increase in temperature D) All of these. ______2. AgCl would be LEAST soluble in a solution of 1.00 molar A) HNO3 B) AgNO3 C) HCl D) BaCl2 ______3. Methan ...
Modeling the Rate of Heterogeneous Reactions
... reactors. In principle, ab-initio and DFT calculations can provide information that are fed into Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of catalytic processes on individual nanoparticles, which then can compute surface reaction rates as function of the local (fluid-phase) partial pressures, temperature and ad ...
... reactors. In principle, ab-initio and DFT calculations can provide information that are fed into Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of catalytic processes on individual nanoparticles, which then can compute surface reaction rates as function of the local (fluid-phase) partial pressures, temperature and ad ...
AQA Additional Sci C2 Revision Guide
... arrangements of atoms in layers that slide over each other easily if forces are applied to them. Different elements have different sized atoms. Adding other elements to the metal disrupts the layers making it more difficult for them to slide over each other. ...
... arrangements of atoms in layers that slide over each other easily if forces are applied to them. Different elements have different sized atoms. Adding other elements to the metal disrupts the layers making it more difficult for them to slide over each other. ...
Learning Activities
... complete ionic equation, spectator ion, net ionic equation, precipitate, soluble, product, reactant, shift left, shift right, concentration, endothermic, exothermic, catalyst, mole, avagadro’s number, one step conversion, two step conversion, hydrate, empirical formula, molecular formula, stoichiome ...
... complete ionic equation, spectator ion, net ionic equation, precipitate, soluble, product, reactant, shift left, shift right, concentration, endothermic, exothermic, catalyst, mole, avagadro’s number, one step conversion, two step conversion, hydrate, empirical formula, molecular formula, stoichiome ...
Full research publication
... Apparently, DMSO molecules polarize the carbonyl group of the acyl-level, creating conditions for the delocalization of double bonds in the chelate stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the steady-chelating heterocyclic NH. At the same time, the ester moiety of the molecule does not form a ...
... Apparently, DMSO molecules polarize the carbonyl group of the acyl-level, creating conditions for the delocalization of double bonds in the chelate stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the steady-chelating heterocyclic NH. At the same time, the ester moiety of the molecule does not form a ...
Class XII Chemistry IMPORTANT QUESTIONS and COMMON
... 3.The electrical conductivity of a metal decreases with rise in temperature while that of a semi-conductor increases.Explain. Ans In metals with increase of temperature, the kernels start vibrating and thus offer resistance to the flow of electrons.Hence conductivity decreases. In case of semicondu ...
... 3.The electrical conductivity of a metal decreases with rise in temperature while that of a semi-conductor increases.Explain. Ans In metals with increase of temperature, the kernels start vibrating and thus offer resistance to the flow of electrons.Hence conductivity decreases. In case of semicondu ...
Bioorthogonal chemistry
The term bioorthogonal chemistry refers to any chemical reaction that can occur inside of living systems without interfering with native biochemical processes. The term was coined by Carolyn R. Bertozzi in 2003. Since its introduction, the concept of the bioorthogonal reaction has enabled the study of biomolecules such as glycans, proteins, and lipids in real time in living systems without cellular toxicity. A number of chemical ligation strategies have been developed that fulfill the requirements of bioorthogonality, including the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azides and cyclooctynes (also termed copper-free click chemistry), between nitrones and cyclooctynes, oxime/hydrazone formation from aldehydes and ketones, the tetrazine ligation, the isocyanide-based click reaction, and most recently, the quadricyclane ligation.The use of bioorthogonal chemistry typically proceeds in two steps. First, a cellular substrate is modified with a bioorthogonal functional group (chemical reporter) and introduced to the cell; substrates include metabolites, enzyme inhibitors, etc. The chemical reporter must not alter the structure of the substrate dramatically to avoid affecting its bioactivity. Secondly, a probe containing the complementary functional group is introduced to react and label the substrate.Although effective bioorthogonal reactions such as copper-free click chemistry have been developed, development of new reactions continues to generate orthogonal methods for labeling to allow multiple methods of labeling to be used in the same biosystems.