Cortical and basal ganglia contributions to habit learning and
... examples where both sets of criteria were used in the same study. Thus, it is unknown whether the two sets of criteria would identify the same or different behaviors. Finally, it is also important to note that even after these behavioral criteria are met, it is possible that further practice on the ...
... examples where both sets of criteria were used in the same study. Thus, it is unknown whether the two sets of criteria would identify the same or different behaviors. Finally, it is also important to note that even after these behavioral criteria are met, it is possible that further practice on the ...
Within-hemifield perceptual averaging of facial expressions
... Vogles, 2000). Large receptive fields allow neuronal responses to be relatively independent of stimulus position, thereby achieving position invariant coding of complex patterns. However, large receptive fields also incur a cost of reduced spatial resolution, and this is problematic in a typical vis ...
... Vogles, 2000). Large receptive fields allow neuronal responses to be relatively independent of stimulus position, thereby achieving position invariant coding of complex patterns. However, large receptive fields also incur a cost of reduced spatial resolution, and this is problematic in a typical vis ...
The Role of Dopamine in Locomotor ... 173
... rupted, although hypokinetic under normal circumstances, can be induced to move when confronted ...
... rupted, although hypokinetic under normal circumstances, can be induced to move when confronted ...
ling411-16 - Rice University
... Remaining problems – lateral inhibition When a hypercolumn is first recruited, no lateral inhibition among its internal subdivisions Later, when finer distinctions are learned, they get reinforced by lateral inhibition Problem: How does this work? ...
... Remaining problems – lateral inhibition When a hypercolumn is first recruited, no lateral inhibition among its internal subdivisions Later, when finer distinctions are learned, they get reinforced by lateral inhibition Problem: How does this work? ...
Deep Belief Networks Learn Context Dependent Behavior Florian Raudies *
... cortex shows changes that depend upon sensory context and these changes in activity can be used to guide decision-making [8,9,10,11]. Models of prefrontal cortex have attempted to simulate how neural circuits could provide the rules for action selection during behavioral tasks based on the context o ...
... cortex shows changes that depend upon sensory context and these changes in activity can be used to guide decision-making [8,9,10,11]. Models of prefrontal cortex have attempted to simulate how neural circuits could provide the rules for action selection during behavioral tasks based on the context o ...
PDF
... illness to induce aversion. Then, animals are tested to see if they will continue to perform the actions previously associated with the newly devalued outcome. The test is performed without delivering outcomes (formally, in extinction) to prevent new learning about the value of the outcome during th ...
... illness to induce aversion. Then, animals are tested to see if they will continue to perform the actions previously associated with the newly devalued outcome. The test is performed without delivering outcomes (formally, in extinction) to prevent new learning about the value of the outcome during th ...
Interactions between attention, context and learning in primary
... One now can extend the concept of receptive field even further to include the potential for dynamic changes on a range of time scales (from seconds to weeks) and depending on experience, behavioral task and attention and expectation. A number of studies have shown that cells in primary visual cortex ...
... One now can extend the concept of receptive field even further to include the potential for dynamic changes on a range of time scales (from seconds to weeks) and depending on experience, behavioral task and attention and expectation. A number of studies have shown that cells in primary visual cortex ...
Spike-Timing-Dependent Hebbian Plasticity as
... of spike-timing-based synaptic plasticity on initial synaptic strength: longterm potentiation (LTP) was found to occur mostly in weak synapses, while connections that already had large values for their synaptic strength consistently failed to show LTP (Bi & Poo, 1998). In summary, the stability of t ...
... of spike-timing-based synaptic plasticity on initial synaptic strength: longterm potentiation (LTP) was found to occur mostly in weak synapses, while connections that already had large values for their synaptic strength consistently failed to show LTP (Bi & Poo, 1998). In summary, the stability of t ...
Articulo MC Luciano - International Journal of Psychology and
... attached to the stimulus), and the spatial positions of the stimuli are no longer relevant. In this case stimuli B and A may become equivalent as parts of a compound (for example, Stromer, McIlvane & Serna, 1993). Repeated exposures and reinforcement to stimulus combinations such as AB and AC train ...
... attached to the stimulus), and the spatial positions of the stimuli are no longer relevant. In this case stimuli B and A may become equivalent as parts of a compound (for example, Stromer, McIlvane & Serna, 1993). Repeated exposures and reinforcement to stimulus combinations such as AB and AC train ...
Statistical learning as a domain-general mechanism of entrenchment
... these features vs. objects (Turk-Browne, Isola, Scholl, & Treat, 2008), similar to the effect of the stimulus-level differences noted in auditory statistical learning. For example, when two features, such as color and shape, perfectly co-vary within each object in a triplet, participants struggle to ...
... these features vs. objects (Turk-Browne, Isola, Scholl, & Treat, 2008), similar to the effect of the stimulus-level differences noted in auditory statistical learning. For example, when two features, such as color and shape, perfectly co-vary within each object in a triplet, participants struggle to ...
PDF
... Model-free action selection, by contrast, is based on learning these long-run values of actions (or a preference order between actions) without either building or searching through a model. RL provides a number of methods for doing this, in which learning is based on momentary inconsistencies betwee ...
... Model-free action selection, by contrast, is based on learning these long-run values of actions (or a preference order between actions) without either building or searching through a model. RL provides a number of methods for doing this, in which learning is based on momentary inconsistencies betwee ...
ACQ_and_the_Basal_Ganglia
... • Different actor-critic architectures have been proposed for learning different value functions: – V(s) = State values (most common) – V(a) = Action values – Q(s,a) = State, action pair values ...
... • Different actor-critic architectures have been proposed for learning different value functions: – V(s) = State values (most common) – V(a) = Action values – Q(s,a) = State, action pair values ...
What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex- Endowed Animal
... action potentials to electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb.5 From electrophysiological recordings in rodents, it is evident that these same structures are involved in olfactory discrimination learning,6,7 lending support to the idea that the OFC of “sub-primate” mammals was chiefly dedicated ...
... action potentials to electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb.5 From electrophysiological recordings in rodents, it is evident that these same structures are involved in olfactory discrimination learning,6,7 lending support to the idea that the OFC of “sub-primate” mammals was chiefly dedicated ...
Enhanced Perceptual Functioning in Autism
... plausibly less influenced by conscious executive aspects and most motor components. Although some of these tasks are considered perceptual (e.g., Navontype tasks) and others attentional (e.g., visual search), they all involve the low level, ‘‘pre-attentive’’ perceptual analysis of psychophysical dime ...
... plausibly less influenced by conscious executive aspects and most motor components. Although some of these tasks are considered perceptual (e.g., Navontype tasks) and others attentional (e.g., visual search), they all involve the low level, ‘‘pre-attentive’’ perceptual analysis of psychophysical dime ...
The Learning Potentials of Number Blocks
... Our iterative design process included several 2 h sessions with our target group. The themes for the sessions were: (1) Getting to know each other and the technology; (2) Brainstorming and decision making; (3) Recording sound; (4) Testing the “Pronounce number Function”; (5) Testing the “Compare Num ...
... Our iterative design process included several 2 h sessions with our target group. The themes for the sessions were: (1) Getting to know each other and the technology; (2) Brainstorming and decision making; (3) Recording sound; (4) Testing the “Pronounce number Function”; (5) Testing the “Compare Num ...
1 Introduction
... contradicting tuples, and concl(H), the number of all tuples for which the conclusion predicate of the hypothesis holds, are used for calculating the acceptance criterion for fully instantiated rule schemata. As this example implies, Rdt/db is able to handle negative examples. These are either expli ...
... contradicting tuples, and concl(H), the number of all tuples for which the conclusion predicate of the hypothesis holds, are used for calculating the acceptance criterion for fully instantiated rule schemata. As this example implies, Rdt/db is able to handle negative examples. These are either expli ...
Ventromedial frontal cortex mediates affective shifting in
... personality changes, impaired impulse control and alterations in emotional and motivational state (Mesulam, 2002). It has been suggested that some of these changes are related to fundamental alterations in ¯exible stimulus±reward learning. Two recent lines of research have begun to investigate aberr ...
... personality changes, impaired impulse control and alterations in emotional and motivational state (Mesulam, 2002). It has been suggested that some of these changes are related to fundamental alterations in ¯exible stimulus±reward learning. Two recent lines of research have begun to investigate aberr ...
Models of Attentional Learning - Indiana University Bloomington
... phase makes all the dimensions have zero correlation with the outcome. In other words, for any single dimension, there is 50% probability of both outcomes at both values of the dimension. Therefore, any difference in difficulty of shift cannot be attributed to the correlation between the dimension a ...
... phase makes all the dimensions have zero correlation with the outcome. In other words, for any single dimension, there is 50% probability of both outcomes at both values of the dimension. Therefore, any difference in difficulty of shift cannot be attributed to the correlation between the dimension a ...
Module 20 Basic Learning Concepts and Classical
... Acquisition: the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. Higher-order conditioning: a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutra ...
... Acquisition: the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. Higher-order conditioning: a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutra ...
Myers Module Twenty
... sound of one tone also responded somewhat to the sound of a new and different tone. ...
... sound of one tone also responded somewhat to the sound of a new and different tone. ...
Perceptual Bending Perceptual Bending: Applying the Elaboration
... is able to describe the process that results from an individual’s motivational state of, the elaboration likelihood is limited in the way it predicts the motivational state. Amon’s propaganda and public speeches might have been able to previously persuade non-benders, but those same tactics are not ...
... is able to describe the process that results from an individual’s motivational state of, the elaboration likelihood is limited in the way it predicts the motivational state. Amon’s propaganda and public speeches might have been able to previously persuade non-benders, but those same tactics are not ...
Gestalt Issues in Modern Neuroscience
... A basic notion worked out by Gestalt psychology (e.g., in studies of the Ganzfeld by Metzger, 1930, and of figure-ground segregation by Ehrenstein, 1930) is the need for sufficient contrast of the visual stimulus. Unless the contrast of a stimulus is above threshold (absolute or differential), Gesta ...
... A basic notion worked out by Gestalt psychology (e.g., in studies of the Ganzfeld by Metzger, 1930, and of figure-ground segregation by Ehrenstein, 1930) is the need for sufficient contrast of the visual stimulus. Unless the contrast of a stimulus is above threshold (absolute or differential), Gesta ...
A proposed common neural mechanism for categorization and
... generic. Other groups have also reported categorical signals in LIP that are independent of planned movements or visuospatial factors, such as cognitive set signals related to the particular rule required to carry out a task26,27. A generic categorical representation is reminiscent of the reportinde ...
... generic. Other groups have also reported categorical signals in LIP that are independent of planned movements or visuospatial factors, such as cognitive set signals related to the particular rule required to carry out a task26,27. A generic categorical representation is reminiscent of the reportinde ...
Foundations of Data Mining
... • But then why is the world full of highly successful learners? • For every world where a learner does better than random guessing, we can construct an anti-world by flipping the labels of all unseen instances: it performs worse by the same amount • We don’t care about all possible worlds, only the ...
... • But then why is the world full of highly successful learners? • For every world where a learner does better than random guessing, we can construct an anti-world by flipping the labels of all unseen instances: it performs worse by the same amount • We don’t care about all possible worlds, only the ...
Behavioural Brain Research Multisensory contributions to the
... The feeling of skin dryness or moistness that arises when we rub our hands against each other is subjectively referred to the friction forces at the epidermis. Yet, it has been demonstrated that acoustic information also participates in this bodily sensation, because altering the sound arising from ...
... The feeling of skin dryness or moistness that arises when we rub our hands against each other is subjectively referred to the friction forces at the epidermis. Yet, it has been demonstrated that acoustic information also participates in this bodily sensation, because altering the sound arising from ...