Mice Lacking M1 and M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Have
... newly replenished neurons contribute to normal circuit function in response to rapidly changing macro and microenvironments (Peretto and Paredes, 2014; Song et al., 2016). Adult neurogenesis has been shown to play an essential role in olfactory-based short-term (Breton-Provencher et al., 2009) and l ...
... newly replenished neurons contribute to normal circuit function in response to rapidly changing macro and microenvironments (Peretto and Paredes, 2014; Song et al., 2016). Adult neurogenesis has been shown to play an essential role in olfactory-based short-term (Breton-Provencher et al., 2009) and l ...
Olfactory Learning in Drosophila: Learning from Models
... the state variable does not simply decay back to the neutral state but rebounds into an opposite state B. From the opposite state it decays back to the neutral state. Applying this concept to electric shock as US the evoked state A corresponds to a state of pain; whereas the opposing state is a reli ...
... the state variable does not simply decay back to the neutral state but rebounds into an opposite state B. From the opposite state it decays back to the neutral state. Applying this concept to electric shock as US the evoked state A corresponds to a state of pain; whereas the opposing state is a reli ...
Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae
... fish in drug-containing water, which greatly simplifies pharmacological manipulation (Goldsmith, 2004). Undoubtedly one of the most attractive properties of the zebrafish as a model vertebrate organism for the study of behavior, however, is its ease of genetic manipulability. Indeed, the zebrafish a ...
... fish in drug-containing water, which greatly simplifies pharmacological manipulation (Goldsmith, 2004). Undoubtedly one of the most attractive properties of the zebrafish as a model vertebrate organism for the study of behavior, however, is its ease of genetic manipulability. Indeed, the zebrafish a ...
Vol 431 No 7010 pp723-882
... selection, the most effective valuations are those that improve reproductive success. This prescription for valuation yields a formula for desires or goals: an organism should desire those things deemed most valuable to it. All mobile organisms possess such discriminatory capacities and can rank num ...
... selection, the most effective valuations are those that improve reproductive success. This prescription for valuation yields a formula for desires or goals: an organism should desire those things deemed most valuable to it. All mobile organisms possess such discriminatory capacities and can rank num ...
Implicit Operant Learning of Pain Sens
... been the measurement of brain activity in response to noxious stimuli e.g. by evoked potentials in the EEG (electroencephalogram) or fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging). However, pain perception cannot be equated with brain responses to noxious stimuli since they are categorically different ...
... been the measurement of brain activity in response to noxious stimuli e.g. by evoked potentials in the EEG (electroencephalogram) or fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging). However, pain perception cannot be equated with brain responses to noxious stimuli since they are categorically different ...
Fluctuations in Perceptual Decisions Panagiota Theodoni
... sensory stimulation from the conscious visual perception, and therefore providing a gateway to consciousness. How does the brain work when it deals with such ambiguous sensory stimuli? We addressed this question theoretically by employing a biophysically realistic attractor network, by consistently ...
... sensory stimulation from the conscious visual perception, and therefore providing a gateway to consciousness. How does the brain work when it deals with such ambiguous sensory stimuli? We addressed this question theoretically by employing a biophysically realistic attractor network, by consistently ...
LEARninG - numerons
... however, is considerably more startling: The principles that explain learned responses in animals explain much of human learning, too. Thus, the same mechanisms that explain how barn swallows learn to operate an automated door can account for a professional athlete’s bizarre superstitions. Indeed, m ...
... however, is considerably more startling: The principles that explain learned responses in animals explain much of human learning, too. Thus, the same mechanisms that explain how barn swallows learn to operate an automated door can account for a professional athlete’s bizarre superstitions. Indeed, m ...
Neural constraints on learning
... to the activity of one neural unit. The activity of all neural units during a short time period is represented as a point in this space (Fig. 1b). At each time step, the neural activity (a green point in Fig. 1b) is mapped onto a control space (black line in Fig. 1b; two-dimensional plane in the act ...
... to the activity of one neural unit. The activity of all neural units during a short time period is represented as a point in this space (Fig. 1b). At each time step, the neural activity (a green point in Fig. 1b) is mapped onto a control space (black line in Fig. 1b; two-dimensional plane in the act ...
Perception Processing for General Intelligence
... 2. Subsymbolic representation and learning are the core of human intelligence; symbolic aspects of intelligence (a) emerge from the subsymbolic aspects as needed; or, (b) arise via a relatively simple, thin layer on top of subsymbolic intelligence, that merely applies subsymbolic intelligence in a s ...
... 2. Subsymbolic representation and learning are the core of human intelligence; symbolic aspects of intelligence (a) emerge from the subsymbolic aspects as needed; or, (b) arise via a relatively simple, thin layer on top of subsymbolic intelligence, that merely applies subsymbolic intelligence in a s ...
Schema Theory
... Neuroscience and cognitive psychology often view working memory as storing a single item (e.g., the location of a target, or a single phone number) for a short delay period between observation of the item and its use in some action, after which it is discarded. Here, we extend the notion to insist t ...
... Neuroscience and cognitive psychology often view working memory as storing a single item (e.g., the location of a target, or a single phone number) for a short delay period between observation of the item and its use in some action, after which it is discarded. Here, we extend the notion to insist t ...
Playing the electric light orchestra—how electrical stimulation of
... such as amblyopia, blindness and visual hallucinations. Prominent methods currently used to investigate the function of visual cortex are often correlational and include neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electrophysiological techniques, such as single cell neuro ...
... such as amblyopia, blindness and visual hallucinations. Prominent methods currently used to investigate the function of visual cortex are often correlational and include neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electrophysiological techniques, such as single cell neuro ...
Hebb repetition learning 1 VISUAL AND PHONOLOGICAL HEBB
... be noted that Besner (1987) reviewed convincing evidence, including that from Baddeley and Lewis (1981) and Besner and Davelaar (1982), that suggested that it was not phonological recoding for the purposes of lexical access that was prevented by CA, but rather the “formation or utilization” of such ...
... be noted that Besner (1987) reviewed convincing evidence, including that from Baddeley and Lewis (1981) and Besner and Davelaar (1982), that suggested that it was not phonological recoding for the purposes of lexical access that was prevented by CA, but rather the “formation or utilization” of such ...
Human and Rodent Homologies in Action Control - Research
... to devaluation. This was consistent with the view that R–O learning dominated performance early after acquisition but gave way to an S–R process, as performance became more routine or habitual (see also Dickinson, 1994; Dickinson et al, 1995). Importantly, very similar effects have been found in hum ...
... to devaluation. This was consistent with the view that R–O learning dominated performance early after acquisition but gave way to an S–R process, as performance became more routine or habitual (see also Dickinson, 1994; Dickinson et al, 1995). Importantly, very similar effects have been found in hum ...
Neurodynamical modeling of arbitrary visuomotor tasks
... subject receives a reward if the action was correct. For each stimulus only one of the possible responses is rewarded. Thus, the subject has to learn by trial-and-error which combinations of stimuli and actions yield reward. Although this experimental setup seems to be very specific, it contains man ...
... subject receives a reward if the action was correct. For each stimulus only one of the possible responses is rewarded. Thus, the subject has to learn by trial-and-error which combinations of stimuli and actions yield reward. Although this experimental setup seems to be very specific, it contains man ...
physiological plasticity in auditory cortex: rapid induction by learning
... learning has been documented extensively (for reviews see e.g. Lund, 1978; Finger and Stein, 1982; Tsukahara, 1981, respectively). Not generally recognized is the difference in time scales involved in these phenomena. Both developmental plasticity and that involved in recovery of function or reorgan ...
... learning has been documented extensively (for reviews see e.g. Lund, 1978; Finger and Stein, 1982; Tsukahara, 1981, respectively). Not generally recognized is the difference in time scales involved in these phenomena. Both developmental plasticity and that involved in recovery of function or reorgan ...
Biologically Plausible Error-driven Learning using Local Activation
... within a single, recurrently connected network (with symmetric weights) to convey error signals. In order to get this to work, they used a somewhat unwieldy four-stage activation update process that only works for auto-encoder networks. This paper presents a generalized version of the recirculation ...
... within a single, recurrently connected network (with symmetric weights) to convey error signals. In order to get this to work, they used a somewhat unwieldy four-stage activation update process that only works for auto-encoder networks. This paper presents a generalized version of the recirculation ...
Birds, primates, and spoken language origins: behavioral
... Vocal learners such as humans and songbirds can learn to produce elaborate patterns of structurally organized vocalizations, whereas many other vertebrates such as non-human primates and most other bird groups either cannot or do so to a very limited degree. To explain the similarities among humans ...
... Vocal learners such as humans and songbirds can learn to produce elaborate patterns of structurally organized vocalizations, whereas many other vertebrates such as non-human primates and most other bird groups either cannot or do so to a very limited degree. To explain the similarities among humans ...
Review Reward, Motivation, and Reinforcement Learning
... However, the major reinforcement learning-based theoretical models of classical conditioning (crudely, prediction learning) are actually based on rules designed to explain instrumental conditioning (action learning). Extensive anatomical, pharmacological, and psychological data, particularly concern ...
... However, the major reinforcement learning-based theoretical models of classical conditioning (crudely, prediction learning) are actually based on rules designed to explain instrumental conditioning (action learning). Extensive anatomical, pharmacological, and psychological data, particularly concern ...
2nd year - FORTH-ICS - Foundation for Research and Technology
... motor actions by observational learning. Observational learning is understood here as the capacity to acquire an action strategy only through observation of other agents, without the experimentation needed in other learning procedures. Our brain imaging and neurophysiological investigations will att ...
... motor actions by observational learning. Observational learning is understood here as the capacity to acquire an action strategy only through observation of other agents, without the experimentation needed in other learning procedures. Our brain imaging and neurophysiological investigations will att ...
PDF
... right angle triangle), size, length of sides, orientation, color and location in space, so that all these features are bound together in a particular way. Beyond the argument from introspection, Prinz (2000, 2005a, 2007) argues that detailed viewpoint-specific representations are necessary for delib ...
... right angle triangle), size, length of sides, orientation, color and location in space, so that all these features are bound together in a particular way. Beyond the argument from introspection, Prinz (2000, 2005a, 2007) argues that detailed viewpoint-specific representations are necessary for delib ...
LINKING PROPOSITIONS*
... first line: I$ implies $ (“not ti” implies “not 4”). These two statements are logically equivalent because any statement implies the negative of its converse: If A implies B, B implies A. On the third line is stated the Converse of the first line: I++implies 4; i.e. that some characteristic of the p ...
... first line: I$ implies $ (“not ti” implies “not 4”). These two statements are logically equivalent because any statement implies the negative of its converse: If A implies B, B implies A. On the third line is stated the Converse of the first line: I++implies 4; i.e. that some characteristic of the p ...
Learning of Sequences of Finger Movements and Timing: Frontal
... subjects were able to prepare a sequence of specific finger movements at specific timing. Here the motor sequence could be coded at an action-specific level as opposed to an abstract level in the other two learning conditions mentioned above. The three learning conditions were compared with a contro ...
... subjects were able to prepare a sequence of specific finger movements at specific timing. Here the motor sequence could be coded at an action-specific level as opposed to an abstract level in the other two learning conditions mentioned above. The three learning conditions were compared with a contro ...
The precision of value-based choices depends causally on
... that this cognitive function depends critically on integration of neural activity in several widely distributed brain regions2,3. For instance, to answer whether we want chicken or pasta, we must process the incoming sensory signals (for example, in terms of colour, shape, size, frequency and so on) ...
... that this cognitive function depends critically on integration of neural activity in several widely distributed brain regions2,3. For instance, to answer whether we want chicken or pasta, we must process the incoming sensory signals (for example, in terms of colour, shape, size, frequency and so on) ...
Placing prediction into the fear circuit
... prediction error and expectation modulation of fear learning, as described by associative and computational learning models. It controls whether, and how much, fear learning occurs by signaling aversive events when they are unexpected. Functional neuroimaging and clinical studies indicate that this ...
... prediction error and expectation modulation of fear learning, as described by associative and computational learning models. It controls whether, and how much, fear learning occurs by signaling aversive events when they are unexpected. Functional neuroimaging and clinical studies indicate that this ...