lecture 3 Introduction to Laser
... Mode-locking is a technique in by which a laser can be made to produce pulses of light of extremely short duration, on the order of picoseconds (10−12s) or femtoseconds (10−15s). Need for Mode Locking When laser is oscillating with various modes and if modes are uncorrelated The output intensity i.e ...
... Mode-locking is a technique in by which a laser can be made to produce pulses of light of extremely short duration, on the order of picoseconds (10−12s) or femtoseconds (10−15s). Need for Mode Locking When laser is oscillating with various modes and if modes are uncorrelated The output intensity i.e ...
Imaging properties of supercritical angle
... of the optics (paraboloid glass segment, solid immersion lens). For this situation, there is no straightforward method available for computing the point spread function. As far as we know, all previously described methods for calculating optical systems with high numerical aperture use the property ...
... of the optics (paraboloid glass segment, solid immersion lens). For this situation, there is no straightforward method available for computing the point spread function. As far as we know, all previously described methods for calculating optical systems with high numerical aperture use the property ...
Modulation Transfer Function
... where C(s) is the object contrast and C 0 (s0 ) the image contrast. A value of 1 means that frequency is perfectly transferred to the image plane, which is the best possible outcome in a passive system. A value of 0 means that frequency will not appear at all in the image. The object- and image-spac ...
... where C(s) is the object contrast and C 0 (s0 ) the image contrast. A value of 1 means that frequency is perfectly transferred to the image plane, which is the best possible outcome in a passive system. A value of 0 means that frequency will not appear at all in the image. The object- and image-spac ...
Optical Sources
... This laser is called a Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD) Semiconductor-air interface produces a reflection coefficient at normal incidence of ...
... This laser is called a Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD) Semiconductor-air interface produces a reflection coefficient at normal incidence of ...
Imaging Laboratory Exercise Scanning Electron Microscope
... metal, such as gold, before it is imaged in the microscope. Because of this, these devices have a limited application, especially for examining dynamic samples, such as in life forms. In both SEM and TEM electrons are generated in the portion of the microscope that is referred to as the electron gun ...
... metal, such as gold, before it is imaged in the microscope. Because of this, these devices have a limited application, especially for examining dynamic samples, such as in life forms. In both SEM and TEM electrons are generated in the portion of the microscope that is referred to as the electron gun ...
Microscopes - Biozentrum
... properties of the medium. Changes in amplitude give rise to familiar absorption of light which gives rise to colours when it is wavelength dependent. The human eye measures only the energy of light arriving on the retina, so changes in phase are not easily observed, yet often these changes in phase ...
... properties of the medium. Changes in amplitude give rise to familiar absorption of light which gives rise to colours when it is wavelength dependent. The human eye measures only the energy of light arriving on the retina, so changes in phase are not easily observed, yet often these changes in phase ...
Microscopes - Photonics Research Group
... in the image plane. The sum of the two diffraction images, assuming the two points of light were mutually incoherent, appears as in Fig. 7a . As d becomes smaller so that the first minimum of one diffraction image overlaps with the central maximum of the neighboring diffraction image (d 5 rAiry, Fig ...
... in the image plane. The sum of the two diffraction images, assuming the two points of light were mutually incoherent, appears as in Fig. 7a . As d becomes smaller so that the first minimum of one diffraction image overlaps with the central maximum of the neighboring diffraction image (d 5 rAiry, Fig ...
Technology for a better society
... Has the same effect but is a property of the lens itself, and so may be either more or less restricting than A(u). The aberration function B(u): Is usually expressed as ...
... Has the same effect but is a property of the lens itself, and so may be either more or less restricting than A(u). The aberration function B(u): Is usually expressed as ...
acknowledgements
... Fig. 4 a) Part of a IR beam written DOE. b) IR optical reconstruction of DOE in a). Thermal image was detected by liquid crystals.Central part of the image was blocked by a mirror. Setup to make the reconstruction is shown in Fig. 5. The second example that is of interest used the ellipse of Figure ...
... Fig. 4 a) Part of a IR beam written DOE. b) IR optical reconstruction of DOE in a). Thermal image was detected by liquid crystals.Central part of the image was blocked by a mirror. Setup to make the reconstruction is shown in Fig. 5. The second example that is of interest used the ellipse of Figure ...
Transmission Electron Microscopy
... 1951 – R. Castaing develops the X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (XEDS). 1970 – The first High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) images are obtained. The spatial resolution, about 0.4 nm, reveals details from the sample’s atomic structure. 1998 – Aberration corrected HRTEM achi ...
... 1951 – R. Castaing develops the X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (XEDS). 1970 – The first High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) images are obtained. The spatial resolution, about 0.4 nm, reveals details from the sample’s atomic structure. 1998 – Aberration corrected HRTEM achi ...
Total Internal Reflection Microscopy
... experiments with glass microscope slides in aqueous solutions. Because of this exponential sensitivity, a very small change in h produces a measurable change in intensity. For example, we estimate that the photomultiplier tube we use to quantify the light intensity can realistically detect a 1% chan ...
... experiments with glass microscope slides in aqueous solutions. Because of this exponential sensitivity, a very small change in h produces a measurable change in intensity. For example, we estimate that the photomultiplier tube we use to quantify the light intensity can realistically detect a 1% chan ...
Coherent light sources and optical techniques for Thomson
... called Pockels effect), inducing some birefringence in a non-linear crystal. This effect can be also inducted by the transverse electric field of a ultra relativistic electron beam. If a polarized probe laser is used, by measuring its polarization variation, It’s possible to derive the electron beam ...
... called Pockels effect), inducing some birefringence in a non-linear crystal. This effect can be also inducted by the transverse electric field of a ultra relativistic electron beam. If a polarized probe laser is used, by measuring its polarization variation, It’s possible to derive the electron beam ...
Photon mapping of individual Ag particles on MgO/Mo(001)
... Abbes diffraction limit,1 two pointlike photon sources can only be distinguished if their mutual distance is larger than half the wavelength of the emitted radiation divided by the refractive index of the environment. The achievable resolution is therefore of the order of 250 nm (λrad ∼ 500 nm), hen ...
... Abbes diffraction limit,1 two pointlike photon sources can only be distinguished if their mutual distance is larger than half the wavelength of the emitted radiation divided by the refractive index of the environment. The achievable resolution is therefore of the order of 250 nm (λrad ∼ 500 nm), hen ...
Digital Fourier Microscopy for Soft Matter Dynamics
... should be aware that the term microscopy is used here in a very broad sense because it includes many situations where, due to defocusing [35], speckles [17] or other effects the image of the sample does not seem to bear any resemblance with the sample itself. It is worth concluding this Introduction ...
... should be aware that the term microscopy is used here in a very broad sense because it includes many situations where, due to defocusing [35], speckles [17] or other effects the image of the sample does not seem to bear any resemblance with the sample itself. It is worth concluding this Introduction ...
RESOLUTION OF ICCD CAMERAS
... obtainable from the point spread function (PSF) or line spread function (LSF), which are discussed in a later section, by a Fourier transform. The MTF is usually presented as a graph showing the modulation transfer function versus spatial frequency which is customarily specified in line pairs per mi ...
... obtainable from the point spread function (PSF) or line spread function (LSF), which are discussed in a later section, by a Fourier transform. The MTF is usually presented as a graph showing the modulation transfer function versus spatial frequency which is customarily specified in line pairs per mi ...
