Reproduction Review
... rhythmic contractions in the uterus to help move the sperm; alkaline buffer – protect from residual urine and the vaginal acid; mucus – protection from urine residue, aid in sperm movement, and hinders other sperm. 3. Describe the structure of a human sperm. Head (acrosome, nucleus, very little cyto ...
... rhythmic contractions in the uterus to help move the sperm; alkaline buffer – protect from residual urine and the vaginal acid; mucus – protection from urine residue, aid in sperm movement, and hinders other sperm. 3. Describe the structure of a human sperm. Head (acrosome, nucleus, very little cyto ...
THE NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANGES IN ADRENAL
... separate weights of cortex and medulla can be calculated, on the assumption that they are of equal density. The cortical/medullary ratio of the 22 pooled normal adrenals was 13.1/1, and of the three pairs of normal adrenals 14.7/1, 12.2/1, and 13.7/1. These results are quite close to those obtained ...
... separate weights of cortex and medulla can be calculated, on the assumption that they are of equal density. The cortical/medullary ratio of the 22 pooled normal adrenals was 13.1/1, and of the three pairs of normal adrenals 14.7/1, 12.2/1, and 13.7/1. These results are quite close to those obtained ...
Effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on spatial learning ability
... may be the relationship between IGF-1 secretion induced by anaerobic exercise and memory deterioration caused by hypothyroidism. In addition, it is generally reported that, despite the normality of hypothyroidism patients, their IGF-1 blood concentration decreases24–26). However, the thyroid control ...
... may be the relationship between IGF-1 secretion induced by anaerobic exercise and memory deterioration caused by hypothyroidism. In addition, it is generally reported that, despite the normality of hypothyroidism patients, their IGF-1 blood concentration decreases24–26). However, the thyroid control ...
Central Neuropeptide Y Signaling Ameliorates N
... associated with reduced proteinuria and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Central administration of neuropeptide Y in nontransgenic rats also reduced (by 10.2⫾1.6 mm Hg) the NO deficiency hypertension, whereas a neuropeptide Y1 receptor antagonist centrally administered in the transgenic subjects du ...
... associated with reduced proteinuria and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Central administration of neuropeptide Y in nontransgenic rats also reduced (by 10.2⫾1.6 mm Hg) the NO deficiency hypertension, whereas a neuropeptide Y1 receptor antagonist centrally administered in the transgenic subjects du ...
Review of Literature
... The primary target of ATZ in some animal species is the female reproductive system. Altered estrus cyclicity has been observed in SpragueDawley and Long-Evans. (Gojmerac et al., 1999). A recent set of experiments has indicated that ATZ may disrupt endocrine function, and the estrus cycle, primarily ...
... The primary target of ATZ in some animal species is the female reproductive system. Altered estrus cyclicity has been observed in SpragueDawley and Long-Evans. (Gojmerac et al., 1999). A recent set of experiments has indicated that ATZ may disrupt endocrine function, and the estrus cycle, primarily ...
Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace
... gyrus (P . 0.05). There was no evidence of degenerating cells in these regions. We next determined whether trace conditioning would recover as neurogenesis did. Groups were treated with MAM (n = 5) or saline (n = 5) for 14 d, followed by 21 d without treatment, then trace conditioned for 4 d and per ...
... gyrus (P . 0.05). There was no evidence of degenerating cells in these regions. We next determined whether trace conditioning would recover as neurogenesis did. Groups were treated with MAM (n = 5) or saline (n = 5) for 14 d, followed by 21 d without treatment, then trace conditioned for 4 d and per ...
Size and number of binucleate and mononucleate superior
... disector and Cavalieri principle was pursued. The stereological parameters investigated in this paper were: (1) total number of ganglion neurons using the physical disector method (Sterio 1984; Pakkenberg and Gundersen 1988, 1989; Mayhew and Gundersen 1996; Howard and Reed 2004); (2) numerical densi ...
... disector and Cavalieri principle was pursued. The stereological parameters investigated in this paper were: (1) total number of ganglion neurons using the physical disector method (Sterio 1984; Pakkenberg and Gundersen 1988, 1989; Mayhew and Gundersen 1996; Howard and Reed 2004); (2) numerical densi ...
The neural basis of puberty and adolescence
... nisms can be categorized as those that act without hormonal information from the gonads (steroid independent) and those that act in the presence of gonadal steroids (steroid dependent). In some altricial species, those that are not well developed at birth, steroid-independent mechanisms are primaril ...
... nisms can be categorized as those that act without hormonal information from the gonads (steroid independent) and those that act in the presence of gonadal steroids (steroid dependent). In some altricial species, those that are not well developed at birth, steroid-independent mechanisms are primaril ...
Expression of steroidogenic enzymes and synthesis of sex steroid
... and adrenal cortex and regulate diverse physiological processes of target tissues, including those of the reproductive tissues, bone, liver, cardiovascular tissues, brain, and skeletal muscles (37). Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate-bound form (DHEA-S), secreted mainly by the adrenal gla ...
... and adrenal cortex and regulate diverse physiological processes of target tissues, including those of the reproductive tissues, bone, liver, cardiovascular tissues, brain, and skeletal muscles (37). Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate-bound form (DHEA-S), secreted mainly by the adrenal gla ...
case report - journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences
... polycystic ovaries[1]. The clinical picture of more intense androgenisation is a result of greater androgen production. This condition is associated with lower LH levels, which is a possible consequence of higher testosterone levels blocking estrogen action at the hypothalamic-pituitary level [2,3]. ...
... polycystic ovaries[1]. The clinical picture of more intense androgenisation is a result of greater androgen production. This condition is associated with lower LH levels, which is a possible consequence of higher testosterone levels blocking estrogen action at the hypothalamic-pituitary level [2,3]. ...
valria-ernestnia-chaves-federal-university-brazil
... Figure 1 Body weight and fat mass. Body weight curves of Oxt−/− (n = 10) and Oxt+/+ (n = 10) male and female mice. No body weight difference between control and knockout mice until 2nd month of age has been observed. Differences in the body weight between Oxt−/− and wild-type mice were observed at 3 ...
... Figure 1 Body weight and fat mass. Body weight curves of Oxt−/− (n = 10) and Oxt+/+ (n = 10) male and female mice. No body weight difference between control and knockout mice until 2nd month of age has been observed. Differences in the body weight between Oxt−/− and wild-type mice were observed at 3 ...
The Mechanism of the Calorigenic Action of Thyroid Hormone
... (Qo,), the ouabain-sensitive oxygen consumption [Qo2 (t)], and NaK-ATPase in liver, kidney, and cerebrum were measured. In liver, -90 % of the increase in Qo2 produced byT3 in either thyroidectomized oreuthyroid rats was attributable to the increase in Qo2(t). In kidney, the increase in Qo (t) accou ...
... (Qo,), the ouabain-sensitive oxygen consumption [Qo2 (t)], and NaK-ATPase in liver, kidney, and cerebrum were measured. In liver, -90 % of the increase in Qo2 produced byT3 in either thyroidectomized oreuthyroid rats was attributable to the increase in Qo2(t). In kidney, the increase in Qo (t) accou ...
as a PDF
... oral spinal trigeminal nucleus contained a discrete NOSpositive neuron group that was apparent with the naked eye. This cell group was located in the centre of the oral spinal trigeminal nucleus, and extended ~5 mm rostrocaudally (Figs 1B-H and 3A and B). Numerous NOS-positive fibres (large and smal ...
... oral spinal trigeminal nucleus contained a discrete NOSpositive neuron group that was apparent with the naked eye. This cell group was located in the centre of the oral spinal trigeminal nucleus, and extended ~5 mm rostrocaudally (Figs 1B-H and 3A and B). Numerous NOS-positive fibres (large and smal ...
download file
... to generate more than a dozen changes in brain anatomy. The consequences of these physical changes on information processing have not been well studied. In this study, rats were housed in enriched or standard conditions either prior to or after reaching sexual maturity. Evoked potentials from awake ...
... to generate more than a dozen changes in brain anatomy. The consequences of these physical changes on information processing have not been well studied. In this study, rats were housed in enriched or standard conditions either prior to or after reaching sexual maturity. Evoked potentials from awake ...
Age and sex specific thyroid hormone profile in euthyroid subjects
... various age groups and gender. It has been earlier reported by Abuid et. al. and Montalvo et. al. that serum T3 level are low in newborn children and high in infants. The present study put emphasis on the fact that the serum free T3 level is significantly high in early decades of life, remain unchan ...
... various age groups and gender. It has been earlier reported by Abuid et. al. and Montalvo et. al. that serum T3 level are low in newborn children and high in infants. The present study put emphasis on the fact that the serum free T3 level is significantly high in early decades of life, remain unchan ...
cerebral and gastric histamine system is altered after portocaval shunt
... stomach. Moreover, the acid hypersecretion could be attenuated by inhibiting HDC (3). Detailed histochemical, electron microscopical and biochemical studies (4) provided evidence that the changes in histamine system are brought about by an increased number, size and granularity of enterochromaffin-l ...
... stomach. Moreover, the acid hypersecretion could be attenuated by inhibiting HDC (3). Detailed histochemical, electron microscopical and biochemical studies (4) provided evidence that the changes in histamine system are brought about by an increased number, size and granularity of enterochromaffin-l ...
PDF - Molecules and Cells
... neurons is required for a normal PMR, and the activation of SPR in ppk neurons is sufficient to induce the PMR even in virgin flies. The female genital tract houses 30-38 ppk neurons. Silencing of these neurons induces a PMR similar to that caused by mating or SPR activation. This indicates activati ...
... neurons is required for a normal PMR, and the activation of SPR in ppk neurons is sufficient to induce the PMR even in virgin flies. The female genital tract houses 30-38 ppk neurons. Silencing of these neurons induces a PMR similar to that caused by mating or SPR activation. This indicates activati ...
1 - Libreria Universo
... Abstract The human penis is composed of the paired dorsal corpora cavernosa and the ventral corpus spongiosum each of which is encased within a fibrous sheath, the tunica albuginea, and then all of which are enclosed within Buck’s fascia, Colles’ fascia, and the skin. The spongiosum contains the ur ...
... Abstract The human penis is composed of the paired dorsal corpora cavernosa and the ventral corpus spongiosum each of which is encased within a fibrous sheath, the tunica albuginea, and then all of which are enclosed within Buck’s fascia, Colles’ fascia, and the skin. The spongiosum contains the ur ...
Genistein inhibits aggregation of exogenous amyloid-beta(1-40) and alleviates astrogliosis in
... appeared completely normal in two, showed segmental degeneration in one (Figure 1C1), and was completely degenerated in three. Numerous small glia-like cells were visible in the sections exhibiting neuronal degeneration in the DGlb. In cresyl-violet-stained sections, stratum molecular had a more int ...
... appeared completely normal in two, showed segmental degeneration in one (Figure 1C1), and was completely degenerated in three. Numerous small glia-like cells were visible in the sections exhibiting neuronal degeneration in the DGlb. In cresyl-violet-stained sections, stratum molecular had a more int ...
alterations in folic acid, vitamin b12, thyroid hormones and
... accelerate aging(32,33). In our study, serum TAS levels were determined to decrease in rats beginning from 18th month, and serum TOS levels were determined to increase with aging. Parallel to our study, in a study that was done by Sivonova et al on 6, 15 and 26 month old rats; it has been reported t ...
... accelerate aging(32,33). In our study, serum TAS levels were determined to decrease in rats beginning from 18th month, and serum TOS levels were determined to increase with aging. Parallel to our study, in a study that was done by Sivonova et al on 6, 15 and 26 month old rats; it has been reported t ...
Perceptual Biases and Mate Choice
... females such an important role in the mating decision. Another was the fact that Darwin did not posit an adaptive explanation for female mating preferences (Cronin 1991). Instead, he proposed that females are attracted to the sexual adornments of males because females have an aesthetic sense. Some h ...
... females such an important role in the mating decision. Another was the fact that Darwin did not posit an adaptive explanation for female mating preferences (Cronin 1991). Instead, he proposed that females are attracted to the sexual adornments of males because females have an aesthetic sense. Some h ...
Orexin (Hypocretin)-Like Immunoreactivity in the Cat Hypothalamus
... and posterior hypothalamic areas. In the LHA the majority of the neurons were located dorsal and lateral to the fornix; a small number of OrAir neurons were also present in other regions of the hypothalamus. OrA-ir fibers with varicose terminals were detected in almost all hypothalamic regions. The ...
... and posterior hypothalamic areas. In the LHA the majority of the neurons were located dorsal and lateral to the fornix; a small number of OrAir neurons were also present in other regions of the hypothalamus. OrA-ir fibers with varicose terminals were detected in almost all hypothalamic regions. The ...
Dietary fat type and level affect thyroid hormone plasma
... could confirm such relations since in the present study, rT3 was directly related to C18:1, C18:2 and C20:4 acid intakes, whereas under the same conditions, hepatic DI activity was negatively correlated with C18:1 and C18:2 intakes (Lachowicz et al., 2008). An effect of fat amount on plasma T4 conce ...
... could confirm such relations since in the present study, rT3 was directly related to C18:1, C18:2 and C20:4 acid intakes, whereas under the same conditions, hepatic DI activity was negatively correlated with C18:1 and C18:2 intakes (Lachowicz et al., 2008). An effect of fat amount on plasma T4 conce ...
effect of testosterone on skeletal muscle of young and old male rats
... (p=0.022) percentage of type IIA fibers compared to YC group (Fig. 3B). Morphometry of muscle fibers In the SOL muscle, the cross-sectional area of type I fibers was larger in YT group (p=0.00001) than in the YC group (Table 2). This increase was not observed between OT and OC groups (Table 2). In the ...
... (p=0.022) percentage of type IIA fibers compared to YC group (Fig. 3B). Morphometry of muscle fibers In the SOL muscle, the cross-sectional area of type I fibers was larger in YT group (p=0.00001) than in the YC group (Table 2). This increase was not observed between OT and OC groups (Table 2). In the ...
Pituitary Gland
... behaviour, pair bonding, as well as social recognition (Donaldson & Young, 2008). Although both males and females have oxytocin receptors, it is relevant only for females. Very interesting studies have been conducted in the recent past which shows the significance of oxytocin. For instance, increase ...
... behaviour, pair bonding, as well as social recognition (Donaldson & Young, 2008). Although both males and females have oxytocin receptors, it is relevant only for females. Very interesting studies have been conducted in the recent past which shows the significance of oxytocin. For instance, increase ...