Chapter 3 – The cost-effective path to 2050
... UK greenhouse gas emissions in 2014 were 36% below 1990 levels and 25% below 2005 (Figure 3.3). In part this is due to the economic downturn, in particular a 9% reduction in GHG emissions in 2009. However, the reductions since 1990 also reflect some longer-term trends and more recent impacts of pol ...
... UK greenhouse gas emissions in 2014 were 36% below 1990 levels and 25% below 2005 (Figure 3.3). In part this is due to the economic downturn, in particular a 9% reduction in GHG emissions in 2009. However, the reductions since 1990 also reflect some longer-term trends and more recent impacts of pol ...
Note by the International Maritime Organization (IMO)
... nature of shipping, developing countries can, and do, become major participants in the industry itself and, by so doing generate income and create national wealth. ...
... nature of shipping, developing countries can, and do, become major participants in the industry itself and, by so doing generate income and create national wealth. ...
Rethinking Environmental Federalism in a Warming World
... federalist was astutely chosen by the supporters of the new, stronger central government to emphasize the voluntary joining of independent governments into the union. The result, while obviously fluid, preserved considerable independent governmental power for the states at the same time that it allo ...
... federalist was astutely chosen by the supporters of the new, stronger central government to emphasize the voluntary joining of independent governments into the union. The result, while obviously fluid, preserved considerable independent governmental power for the states at the same time that it allo ...
slides - Harvard Kennedy School
... – Participation by US, China, & other developing countries – A mechanism for setting targets further into the future, past 2012 – Any reason to expect compliance. ...
... – Participation by US, China, & other developing countries – A mechanism for setting targets further into the future, past 2012 – Any reason to expect compliance. ...
Arranging deck chairs on the Titanic
... In 1992, the United Nations (UN) proposed a framework for dealing with climate change, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which entered into force in 1994. 4 UNFCCC segregates UN member states into developed (Annex I) and developing (non-Annex I) nations. 5 In 1997, ...
... In 1992, the United Nations (UN) proposed a framework for dealing with climate change, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which entered into force in 1994. 4 UNFCCC segregates UN member states into developed (Annex I) and developing (non-Annex I) nations. 5 In 1997, ...
Tradable Carbon Permit Auctions: How and Why to Auction Not Grandfather
... are reduced to the extent that permits are banked. Given the long life time of CO2 in the atmosphere, short term voluntary banking is unlikely to have significant impacts on CO2 concentrations. Allowing banking further increases liquidity in secondary markets, since all permits are the same after th ...
... are reduced to the extent that permits are banked. Given the long life time of CO2 in the atmosphere, short term voluntary banking is unlikely to have significant impacts on CO2 concentrations. Allowing banking further increases liquidity in secondary markets, since all permits are the same after th ...
What is a Tonne? - CarbonSolutions
... Yes, A ton IS 2,000 lbs! This contrasts with a tonne, which is defined in metric terms of 1,000 kg or 2,204.6 lbs. ...
... Yes, A ton IS 2,000 lbs! This contrasts with a tonne, which is defined in metric terms of 1,000 kg or 2,204.6 lbs. ...
Working Group on Carbon Pricing Mechanisms
... considered emissions trading systems. In all systems, carbon is priced such that economic agents are incentivized to reduce emissions whenever the costs of doing so are less than the carbon price. Given the uncertainty in forecasting market responses, carbon pricing systems will differ in terms of t ...
... considered emissions trading systems. In all systems, carbon is priced such that economic agents are incentivized to reduce emissions whenever the costs of doing so are less than the carbon price. Given the uncertainty in forecasting market responses, carbon pricing systems will differ in terms of t ...
The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from
... 2 Methods 2.1 General approach Each of the IAM teams can, in principle, provide both emissions and concentration data. However, each of the models uses different historical and base year data for the recent past (years 2000–2005). In order to ensure a smooth transition in the climate model runs from ...
... 2 Methods 2.1 General approach Each of the IAM teams can, in principle, provide both emissions and concentration data. However, each of the models uses different historical and base year data for the recent past (years 2000–2005). In order to ensure a smooth transition in the climate model runs from ...
Chapter 4 Global action and Australia`s role
... Note: Many countries’ targets are conditional on the extent of climate action in other countries. Domestic action outlined in this table covers targets included in domestic legislation, national planning documents and other official government plans. Sources: International emissions reduction target ...
... Note: Many countries’ targets are conditional on the extent of climate action in other countries. Domestic action outlined in this table covers targets included in domestic legislation, national planning documents and other official government plans. Sources: International emissions reduction target ...
co2 capture and geological storage quantification protocol
... comparable as possible to the project, in terms of its boundary definitions and technical specifications. It is expected that most CO2 capture and geologic storage projects will establish the benchmark by defining a system that excludes the installation and use of a CO2 capture and geologic storage ...
... comparable as possible to the project, in terms of its boundary definitions and technical specifications. It is expected that most CO2 capture and geologic storage projects will establish the benchmark by defining a system that excludes the installation and use of a CO2 capture and geologic storage ...
Post Paris: Australia`s climate policy options
... The global climate is warming and it is extremely likely that greenhouse gases produced by human activity since the middle of last century are the main cause.1 The international community is committed to avoiding the dangerous consequences of climate change. To that end, the world’s governments have ...
... The global climate is warming and it is extremely likely that greenhouse gases produced by human activity since the middle of last century are the main cause.1 The international community is committed to avoiding the dangerous consequences of climate change. To that end, the world’s governments have ...
PDF
... a cost-efficient way in a world where only part of the countries faces explicit emission targets. The importance of cost-efficient implementation has been recognized by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Art. 3.3., which states that the climate policy should “ensure global benef ...
... a cost-efficient way in a world where only part of the countries faces explicit emission targets. The importance of cost-efficient implementation has been recognized by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Art. 3.3., which states that the climate policy should “ensure global benef ...
PDF
... Some Annex I countries have announced two targets. We have therefore distinguished between a Low and a High Commitment level (LC and HC henceforth).4 The HC is usually conditional on other regions collectively taking aggressive action to reduce GHGs emissions. GHGs emissions in Annex I countries as ...
... Some Annex I countries have announced two targets. We have therefore distinguished between a Low and a High Commitment level (LC and HC henceforth).4 The HC is usually conditional on other regions collectively taking aggressive action to reduce GHGs emissions. GHGs emissions in Annex I countries as ...
What do the Appendices to the Copenhagen Accord tell us about global greenhouse gas emissions and the prospects for avoiding a rise in global average temperature of more than 2°C? (436 kB) (opens in new window)
... by Annex I countries to deliver their targets, or even lower assumptions about delivery by non-Annex I countries than set out above, could lead to higher emissions in 2020. Adopting a different approach or different assumptions, including underlying ‘business as usual’ estimates, can lead to differ ...
... by Annex I countries to deliver their targets, or even lower assumptions about delivery by non-Annex I countries than set out above, could lead to higher emissions in 2020. Adopting a different approach or different assumptions, including underlying ‘business as usual’ estimates, can lead to differ ...
Southeast Florida Regional Climate Compact
... Emission Types ICLEI’s International Local Government Emissions Protocol (IEAP) assesses emissions from the six internationally recognized greenhouse gases regulated under the Kyoto Protocol as listed in Table 1. Given the scope of the Regional Climate Action Plan as established by the Regional Com ...
... Emission Types ICLEI’s International Local Government Emissions Protocol (IEAP) assesses emissions from the six internationally recognized greenhouse gases regulated under the Kyoto Protocol as listed in Table 1. Given the scope of the Regional Climate Action Plan as established by the Regional Com ...
PDF
... In 2007, agricultural emissions accounted for more than 48% of New Zealand‟s total greenhouse gas emissions (Ministry for the Environment, 2009) and 13.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC, 2007c)1. The question of what response will effectively address these emissions is of critical importan ...
... In 2007, agricultural emissions accounted for more than 48% of New Zealand‟s total greenhouse gas emissions (Ministry for the Environment, 2009) and 13.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC, 2007c)1. The question of what response will effectively address these emissions is of critical importan ...
Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth
... (Wagner and Weitzman 2015). To avoid the risk of dangerous and irreversible climate change, the consensus view is that the global average temperature should not rise above pre-industrial temperatures by more than 2oC (Edenhofer et al. 2013). This consensus view which has recently been endorsed by 19 ...
... (Wagner and Weitzman 2015). To avoid the risk of dangerous and irreversible climate change, the consensus view is that the global average temperature should not rise above pre-industrial temperatures by more than 2oC (Edenhofer et al. 2013). This consensus view which has recently been endorsed by 19 ...
Tasmanian Greenhouse Gas Accounts State Greenhouse Gas
... GREENHOUSE GASES REFERENCED IN THIS REPORT This report covers the same sources and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from human activities as the Kyoto Protocol and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Those greenhouse gases included are: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous o ...
... GREENHOUSE GASES REFERENCED IN THIS REPORT This report covers the same sources and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from human activities as the Kyoto Protocol and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Those greenhouse gases included are: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous o ...
'Deciding our future in Copenhagen: will the world rise to the challenge of climate change?' (pdf)
... now that this will not contain all the details of a formal treaty, but it must be clear on the basic targets on emissions reductions and finance for adaptation and mitigation, and on specifics about deforestation and technology. It should prepare the way for a formal treaty next year. The agreement ...
... now that this will not contain all the details of a formal treaty, but it must be clear on the basic targets on emissions reductions and finance for adaptation and mitigation, and on specifics about deforestation and technology. It should prepare the way for a formal treaty next year. The agreement ...
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
PDF
... An international agreement to address the threat of global climate change is being developed with increasing urgency. The possibility of binding domestic regulation is now a real possibility. Uncertainty still exists but the mainstream scientific consensus, represented by the Intergovernmental Panel ...
... An international agreement to address the threat of global climate change is being developed with increasing urgency. The possibility of binding domestic regulation is now a real possibility. Uncertainty still exists but the mainstream scientific consensus, represented by the Intergovernmental Panel ...
a new approach to international greenhouse gas controls
... Received 1 May 2005; received in revised form 19 January 2006; accepted 11 February 2006 ...
... Received 1 May 2005; received in revised form 19 January 2006; accepted 11 February 2006 ...
Cooperation on Climate-Change Mitigation
... issue and continuing business-as-usual. For climate change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that continued emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) would likely lead to significant warming over the coming centuries with the potential for large consequences on the global env ...
... issue and continuing business-as-usual. For climate change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that continued emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) would likely lead to significant warming over the coming centuries with the potential for large consequences on the global env ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DESIGNING CLIMATE MITIGATION POLICY Joseph E. Aldy
... Although GDP losses may be an unreliable proxy for efficiency losses when climate policies compound preexisting policy distortions (see below), we discuss them here as they are the least common denominator reported by the modeling groups.5 Under the 550 ppm CO2 target, most models project global GDP ...
... Although GDP losses may be an unreliable proxy for efficiency losses when climate policies compound preexisting policy distortions (see below), we discuss them here as they are the least common denominator reported by the modeling groups.5 Under the 550 ppm CO2 target, most models project global GDP ...