Deflation and real estate
... reviewing and exploratory research thesis. On the basis of literature I distilled the following hypothesis. Real estate capital gains are muted in a deflationary economy. This hypothesis is tested on the basis of empirical research on the Japanese real estate market, given the long period of deflati ...
... reviewing and exploratory research thesis. On the basis of literature I distilled the following hypothesis. Real estate capital gains are muted in a deflationary economy. This hypothesis is tested on the basis of empirical research on the Japanese real estate market, given the long period of deflati ...
Official PDF , 37 pages
... An important prerequisite for …scal policy to be useful is that governments need to have the necessary …scal space to implement countercyclical measures. Another prerequisite is that countercyclical …scal policy has to be actually e¤ective in raising the level of economic activity.1 This paper prese ...
... An important prerequisite for …scal policy to be useful is that governments need to have the necessary …scal space to implement countercyclical measures. Another prerequisite is that countercyclical …scal policy has to be actually e¤ective in raising the level of economic activity.1 This paper prese ...
Fiscal Policy as a Stabilization Tool
... Since 2007 this framework has given way to one of grave concern about the sustainability of public finances and even the fear of sovereign default, combined with a growing pressure for fiscal policy to become a key instrument in economic recovery. There are many sides to the current debate on fisca ...
... Since 2007 this framework has given way to one of grave concern about the sustainability of public finances and even the fear of sovereign default, combined with a growing pressure for fiscal policy to become a key instrument in economic recovery. There are many sides to the current debate on fisca ...
Fiscal Rules and Discretion in a World Economy
... as they can limit distorted incentives in policymaking that result in a spending bias and excessive deficits; on the other hand, there is a cost of reduced flexibility as fiscal constitutions cannot spell out policy prescriptions for every single shock or contingency, and some discretion may be opti ...
... as they can limit distorted incentives in policymaking that result in a spending bias and excessive deficits; on the other hand, there is a cost of reduced flexibility as fiscal constitutions cannot spell out policy prescriptions for every single shock or contingency, and some discretion may be opti ...
Winning Strategy Delivering Value
... SG&A was down 140 basis points in fiscal 2014 and is down nearly 250 basis points since fiscal 2012. We’re positioned to continue to generate solid year-over-year performance based on reasonable growth assumptions but coupled with our continued concentration on working more efficiently and leveragin ...
... SG&A was down 140 basis points in fiscal 2014 and is down nearly 250 basis points since fiscal 2012. We’re positioned to continue to generate solid year-over-year performance based on reasonable growth assumptions but coupled with our continued concentration on working more efficiently and leveragin ...
supporting workers in the informal economy: a policy
... change jobs or activities across any given unit of time (day, month, year) and those who hold more than one job or are engaged in more than one economic activity at any given time. Whether a person holds one employment status or multiple employment statuses across time or at a single point in time - ...
... change jobs or activities across any given unit of time (day, month, year) and those who hold more than one job or are engaged in more than one economic activity at any given time. Whether a person holds one employment status or multiple employment statuses across time or at a single point in time - ...
Investment Portfolio Review - Christian Brothers Investment Services
... have to contend over the near-term with continued tepid data; late February’s second estimate of Q4 2016 real U.S. GDP was 1.9%, a slowdown from Q3’s 3.5%. Economists’ estimates for Q1 2017 real GDP averaged just below 2% as Q1 ended. While inflation measured by the consumer price index ex-food and ...
... have to contend over the near-term with continued tepid data; late February’s second estimate of Q4 2016 real U.S. GDP was 1.9%, a slowdown from Q3’s 3.5%. Economists’ estimates for Q1 2017 real GDP averaged just below 2% as Q1 ended. While inflation measured by the consumer price index ex-food and ...
Financial Optimization Problems in Life and Pension Insurance
... insurance, the traditional overall approach (to so-called participating or with-profit life insurance policies, at least) has been to simply base the calculation of premiums on a prudent (pessimistic) assessment of the future interest rates, the idea being that the actual yields from investments sho ...
... insurance, the traditional overall approach (to so-called participating or with-profit life insurance policies, at least) has been to simply base the calculation of premiums on a prudent (pessimistic) assessment of the future interest rates, the idea being that the actual yields from investments sho ...
Equity Diversification:
... Equity portfolio volatility can be quantified using a measure known as beta (β). A portfolio with a β of 1.0 has volatility equal to that of the market; one with a β of 2.0 has twice that of the market, etc. Although the math involved may interest some readers, it’s beyond the scope of this article. ...
... Equity portfolio volatility can be quantified using a measure known as beta (β). A portfolio with a β of 1.0 has volatility equal to that of the market; one with a β of 2.0 has twice that of the market, etc. Although the math involved may interest some readers, it’s beyond the scope of this article. ...
Saving Transitions - Faculty Support Site
... a year. Assuming that all domestic saving translates into domestic investment and that the long-run incremental capital-output ratio is around 5, virtually all of the gap in growth between these two groups of countries can be attributed to the difference in their saving performance. Such comparisons ...
... a year. Assuming that all domestic saving translates into domestic investment and that the long-run incremental capital-output ratio is around 5, virtually all of the gap in growth between these two groups of countries can be attributed to the difference in their saving performance. Such comparisons ...
Samoa country case study - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
... per cent of Samoa’s domestic economic activity took place in the Apia urban area.10 A reform program launched in 1993 shaped Samoa’s transition to an open economy with liberalised financial markets and macroeconomic and fiscal stability. In recent years the government has increased priority to stim ...
... per cent of Samoa’s domestic economic activity took place in the Apia urban area.10 A reform program launched in 1993 shaped Samoa’s transition to an open economy with liberalised financial markets and macroeconomic and fiscal stability. In recent years the government has increased priority to stim ...
Standing in the way of development?
... poverty, and environmental degradation. The IMF claims that it is implementing significant changes, but the reality is that its institutional dynamics are inflexible. CSOs and external critics challenge that claim. We commissioned this paper in order to subject the Fund’s programs in low-income coun ...
... poverty, and environmental degradation. The IMF claims that it is implementing significant changes, but the reality is that its institutional dynamics are inflexible. CSOs and external critics challenge that claim. We commissioned this paper in order to subject the Fund’s programs in low-income coun ...
The Phillips Curve, Expectations, and Monetary Policy
... Since Phillips’ time, economic events have led economists to change the Phillips curve slightly ...
... Since Phillips’ time, economic events have led economists to change the Phillips curve slightly ...
Margin Credit and Stock Return Predictability
... Consider, investor P who wants to buy 10 shares of Apple at USD 100 each. She opens a margin account with broker B, who has a margin requirement of 60% and maintenance margin of 25%. P will need to invest 60% of the value of the position using her own money and can borrow remaining 40% from B. When ...
... Consider, investor P who wants to buy 10 shares of Apple at USD 100 each. She opens a margin account with broker B, who has a margin requirement of 60% and maintenance margin of 25%. P will need to invest 60% of the value of the position using her own money and can borrow remaining 40% from B. When ...
The sustainability of fiscal policy in Italy: a long
... 1. 1861-1913: during this period we observe a complete cycle, with the rising phase from 1862 until the peak reached in 1894, almost 121%. The subsequent declining phase lasts until 1913, when a new bottom peak is observed, amounting to 72%; 2. 1914-1945: during this period the two World Wars had im ...
... 1. 1861-1913: during this period we observe a complete cycle, with the rising phase from 1862 until the peak reached in 1894, almost 121%. The subsequent declining phase lasts until 1913, when a new bottom peak is observed, amounting to 72%; 2. 1914-1945: during this period the two World Wars had im ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES IS THE U.S. CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT
... “The United States is the only major country proclaiming itself indifferent to its currency value. In countries running persistent current account deficits, governments normally -- indeed must – reduce domestic consumption. But so far, the United States has relied on other countries to adjust their ...
... “The United States is the only major country proclaiming itself indifferent to its currency value. In countries running persistent current account deficits, governments normally -- indeed must – reduce domestic consumption. But so far, the United States has relied on other countries to adjust their ...
Chapter 2: A Further Look at Financial Statements
... Liquidity ratios measure the short-term ability of the enterprise to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash. Profitability ratios measure the earnings or operating success of an enterprise for a given period of time. Solvency ratios measure the company's ability to surviv ...
... Liquidity ratios measure the short-term ability of the enterprise to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash. Profitability ratios measure the earnings or operating success of an enterprise for a given period of time. Solvency ratios measure the company's ability to surviv ...
A triumph of failed ideas European models of capitalism in the crisis —
... and ‘there is no alternative’ (TINA) thinking. One crucial aspect of this literature was that, while individual capitalist countries may achieve similar economic success despite different institutional settings, these settings – or ‘models’ – may impact substantially on the quality of social outcome ...
... and ‘there is no alternative’ (TINA) thinking. One crucial aspect of this literature was that, while individual capitalist countries may achieve similar economic success despite different institutional settings, these settings – or ‘models’ – may impact substantially on the quality of social outcome ...
What are the Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks
... financed by corresponding cuts of expenditure or by corresponding increases in government debt? These questions are of key importance to the science of economics and the practice of policy alike. This paper aims at answering these questions by proposing and applying a new method of identifying fisca ...
... financed by corresponding cuts of expenditure or by corresponding increases in government debt? These questions are of key importance to the science of economics and the practice of policy alike. This paper aims at answering these questions by proposing and applying a new method of identifying fisca ...
Class Materials - Washington Bankers 2013
... based on stress testing and other factors. XYZ management set the SFG at 9.0% Annual results for capital/assets will be a byproduct of total assets and total capital projections earlier in the model. XYZ management finds the set of assumptions entered into this model (if achieved) will allow it to r ...
... based on stress testing and other factors. XYZ management set the SFG at 9.0% Annual results for capital/assets will be a byproduct of total assets and total capital projections earlier in the model. XYZ management finds the set of assumptions entered into this model (if achieved) will allow it to r ...
Evaluation of Managerial Techniques: NPV and IRR
... money but results in answer expressed in percentage form”(Pauline, 2006). IRR represents a discount rate which leads to a net present value of zero where the present value of the cash inflows equals to the cash outflows (Pauline, 2006). Charles et al (2009) added that IRR method calculates the disco ...
... money but results in answer expressed in percentage form”(Pauline, 2006). IRR represents a discount rate which leads to a net present value of zero where the present value of the cash inflows equals to the cash outflows (Pauline, 2006). Charles et al (2009) added that IRR method calculates the disco ...
The Full Employment Surplus Revisited
... employment estimates of federal revenues are then derived in terms of the tax laws applicable to the period in question. Full employment expenditures differ from those actually reported in the national accounts only through the adjustment of unemployment compensation benefits to reflect differences ...
... employment estimates of federal revenues are then derived in terms of the tax laws applicable to the period in question. Full employment expenditures differ from those actually reported in the national accounts only through the adjustment of unemployment compensation benefits to reflect differences ...
study
... reveals that the economics of entrepreneurship has not sufficiently been taken into consideration. We discuss how this affects conclusions derived from standard models of capital taxation when applied to entrepreneurial income. Some defining features of entrepreneurship important for analyzing the e ...
... reveals that the economics of entrepreneurship has not sufficiently been taken into consideration. We discuss how this affects conclusions derived from standard models of capital taxation when applied to entrepreneurial income. Some defining features of entrepreneurship important for analyzing the e ...
ACCRUED EXPENSES (ACCRUED LIABILITIES)
... affect net income? a. Net income will be overstated. b. Net income will be understated. c. Net income will be unaffected. 3. If a company fails to record an adjusting entry for property taxes, then net income will be . . . a. ...
... affect net income? a. Net income will be overstated. b. Net income will be understated. c. Net income will be unaffected. 3. If a company fails to record an adjusting entry for property taxes, then net income will be . . . a. ...
B - UK Government Web Archive
... Pre-Budget Report confirms that the operational target for monetary policy will switch to a target based on the harmonised index of consumer prices, which the National Statistician has named the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) for the UK. The Chancellor has written to the Governor of the Bank of England ...
... Pre-Budget Report confirms that the operational target for monetary policy will switch to a target based on the harmonised index of consumer prices, which the National Statistician has named the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) for the UK. The Chancellor has written to the Governor of the Bank of England ...