Updating verbal and visuospatial working memory: Are the
... The responses for each condition were scored as accuracy rate (Table 1). A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on the mean accuracy rates with the variables of updating number, updating times and serial location. The three-way ANOVA revealed highly significant main effects o ...
... The responses for each condition were scored as accuracy rate (Table 1). A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on the mean accuracy rates with the variables of updating number, updating times and serial location. The three-way ANOVA revealed highly significant main effects o ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... (CA)—the model includes regions CA1 and CA3. Researchers often refer to the classical trisynaptic circuitry of the hippocampus, which consists of a feedforward flow of information between the different structures [76]. As shown in the figure, entorhinal cortex layer II projects via th ...
... (CA)—the model includes regions CA1 and CA3. Researchers often refer to the classical trisynaptic circuitry of the hippocampus, which consists of a feedforward flow of information between the different structures [76]. As shown in the figure, entorhinal cortex layer II projects via th ...
Exercise and Anxiety Take Home Messages
... ii. In CA1, CA3 and hilus 1) Not in DG b. Exercise on a running wheels (voluntary) for 12h increases hippocampal BDNF mRNA i. 12h exercise → ↑ BDNF exon 1 transcript in DG, hilus, and CA3 ii. 12h exercise → ↑ BDNF exon 2 transcript in CA1 c. Exercise distance run positively correlates with BDNF mRNA ...
... ii. In CA1, CA3 and hilus 1) Not in DG b. Exercise on a running wheels (voluntary) for 12h increases hippocampal BDNF mRNA i. 12h exercise → ↑ BDNF exon 1 transcript in DG, hilus, and CA3 ii. 12h exercise → ↑ BDNF exon 2 transcript in CA1 c. Exercise distance run positively correlates with BDNF mRNA ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... better understanding of the neural processes that occur in humans while they are forming or using a memory. However, these advancements led to studies that have primarily focused on the neural activity evoked by stimuli presented during either encoding or retrieval. While this stimulus-evoked activi ...
... better understanding of the neural processes that occur in humans while they are forming or using a memory. However, these advancements led to studies that have primarily focused on the neural activity evoked by stimuli presented during either encoding or retrieval. While this stimulus-evoked activi ...
The amygdala - University of Puget Sound
... systems. Thus, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine released in the amygdala influence how excitatory and inhibitory neurons interact. Importantly, output connections of the central nucleus terminate on these cells as well as in response- control regions. Thus, activation of the amy ...
... systems. Thus, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine released in the amygdala influence how excitatory and inhibitory neurons interact. Importantly, output connections of the central nucleus terminate on these cells as well as in response- control regions. Thus, activation of the amy ...
Hippocampus, 22, 1703-1719
... learning-dependent reductions in the amplitude and duration of calcium-dependent postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs), accompanied by other increases in excitability (i.e., increased firing rate, or reduced spike-frequency accommodation) after trace eyeblink conditioning or spatial learning, wit ...
... learning-dependent reductions in the amplitude and duration of calcium-dependent postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs), accompanied by other increases in excitability (i.e., increased firing rate, or reduced spike-frequency accommodation) after trace eyeblink conditioning or spatial learning, wit ...
Hippocampal mechanisms for the context-dependent retrieval of episodes 2005 Special issue
... hippocampal simulation performing selective retrieval of prior episodes at each location, as shown in Fig. 3B. Gray rectangles in Fig. 3B show the location (state) of the virtual rat in the maze at different times after training (for simplicity, only a subset of locations near the choice point are s ...
... hippocampal simulation performing selective retrieval of prior episodes at each location, as shown in Fig. 3B. Gray rectangles in Fig. 3B show the location (state) of the virtual rat in the maze at different times after training (for simplicity, only a subset of locations near the choice point are s ...
Validation of hippocampal volumes measured using a
... 1.000). In the test of agreement between the volumetric methods, the ICCs were right 0.846 and left 0.848 (manual and FreeSurfer), and right 0.654 and left 0.717 (manual and IBASPM). Conclusion The automated hippocampal volumetric methods showed good agreement with manual hippocampal volumetry, but ...
... 1.000). In the test of agreement between the volumetric methods, the ICCs were right 0.846 and left 0.848 (manual and FreeSurfer), and right 0.654 and left 0.717 (manual and IBASPM). Conclusion The automated hippocampal volumetric methods showed good agreement with manual hippocampal volumetry, but ...
Learning-related postburst afterhyperpolarization reduction in CA1
... activating MAPK (38), numerous studies have demonstrated that the cAMP/PKA pathway activation in the hippocampus is also essential for long-term memory and consolidation of hippocampus-dependent tasks (5, 6, 25). It remains to be determined if PKC and PKA are involved in maintaining the learningrela ...
... activating MAPK (38), numerous studies have demonstrated that the cAMP/PKA pathway activation in the hippocampus is also essential for long-term memory and consolidation of hippocampus-dependent tasks (5, 6, 25). It remains to be determined if PKC and PKA are involved in maintaining the learningrela ...
Revealing Past Memories: Proactive Interference
... intersession interval (typically 24 h) was manipulated to examine proactive interference between testing sessions (experiment 1B). A second set of studies (experiment studies 2: ketamine effects on memory performance; n ⫽ 24) using separate rats examined the effects of ketamine at different doses an ...
... intersession interval (typically 24 h) was manipulated to examine proactive interference between testing sessions (experiment 1B). A second set of studies (experiment studies 2: ketamine effects on memory performance; n ⫽ 24) using separate rats examined the effects of ketamine at different doses an ...
Down - 서울대 : Biointelligence lab
... all presynaptic spike trains) in simulation of an IF-neuron with 1000 input channels. The spike trains that lead to the results shown by stars were generated with each weight value fixed to value 0.015. The cross-correlations are consistent with zero when considered within the variance indicated by ...
... all presynaptic spike trains) in simulation of an IF-neuron with 1000 input channels. The spike trains that lead to the results shown by stars were generated with each weight value fixed to value 0.015. The cross-correlations are consistent with zero when considered within the variance indicated by ...
MMNeuropharm2011
... These data suggest a redistribution of AMPARs after cocaine exposure. At baseline, all AMPARs contain GluA2 while after the cocaine treatment some synapses express GluA2-lacking AMPARs. Further investigations indicate that this AMPAR redistribution depends on PICK1, a trafficking protein specifically ...
... These data suggest a redistribution of AMPARs after cocaine exposure. At baseline, all AMPARs contain GluA2 while after the cocaine treatment some synapses express GluA2-lacking AMPARs. Further investigations indicate that this AMPAR redistribution depends on PICK1, a trafficking protein specifically ...
facing page
... Wright, & Wiley, J.L., 2007; Paez-Martinez et al., 2013). However, some of these same impairments are not well elucidated. In particular, the effect of toluene on the brain structure is described only in a few studies. Furthermore, most studies concerning neurobiological, neurobehavioral and other ...
... Wright, & Wiley, J.L., 2007; Paez-Martinez et al., 2013). However, some of these same impairments are not well elucidated. In particular, the effect of toluene on the brain structure is described only in a few studies. Furthermore, most studies concerning neurobiological, neurobehavioral and other ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... In most in vitro studies of STDP, the induction protocol consists of relatively simple spike patterns with pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modif ...
... In most in vitro studies of STDP, the induction protocol consists of relatively simple spike patterns with pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modif ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... neuronal excitability and dendritic integration was also observed. Such STDP at the synaptic and cellular level is likely to play important roles in activity-induced functional changes in neuronal receptive fields and human perception. ...
... neuronal excitability and dendritic integration was also observed. Such STDP at the synaptic and cellular level is likely to play important roles in activity-induced functional changes in neuronal receptive fields and human perception. ...
review - NYU Psychology
... The demonstration that the amygdala can operate independently from other neural systems critical to explicit expression of learned fear provides a possible explanation for the observation that a conditioned fear response can be elicited without explicit awareness of the CS21,22. A subliminal present ...
... The demonstration that the amygdala can operate independently from other neural systems critical to explicit expression of learned fear provides a possible explanation for the observation that a conditioned fear response can be elicited without explicit awareness of the CS21,22. A subliminal present ...
Plasticity-related genes in brain development and amygdala
... memory (Kandel & O’Dell 1992). Throughout life, neural plasticity is necessary to provide adaptive and enduring refinement of the brain and behavior. Brain structure and function must be permanently altered in the face of developmental cues, and comparable long-term alterations are thought to be the ...
... memory (Kandel & O’Dell 1992). Throughout life, neural plasticity is necessary to provide adaptive and enduring refinement of the brain and behavior. Brain structure and function must be permanently altered in the face of developmental cues, and comparable long-term alterations are thought to be the ...
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP By Dr. Mohammad
... • Average total sleep period comprises of 4 to 5 such cycles • Each cycle repeats after 90 min – NREM- 80% – REM- 20% ...
... • Average total sleep period comprises of 4 to 5 such cycles • Each cycle repeats after 90 min – NREM- 80% – REM- 20% ...
Neonatal Ethanol Exposure Impairs Trace Fear Conditioning and
... third trimester, postnatal days (PD) 4 to 9, leads to persistent deficits in forebrain-dependent cognitive function—modeling the dysfunction seen in individuals diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. EtOH-exposed adult rats are impaired in auditory trace fear conditioning (TFC), a form of P ...
... third trimester, postnatal days (PD) 4 to 9, leads to persistent deficits in forebrain-dependent cognitive function—modeling the dysfunction seen in individuals diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. EtOH-exposed adult rats are impaired in auditory trace fear conditioning (TFC), a form of P ...
Fear Models in Animals and Humans
... While the amygdala is critical for fear learning to specific cues, in many circumstances the learned fear response extends to the larger context in which the aversive event occurred. This contextual fear is adaptive in that the location and circumstances under which dangerous events occur can be as ...
... While the amygdala is critical for fear learning to specific cues, in many circumstances the learned fear response extends to the larger context in which the aversive event occurred. This contextual fear is adaptive in that the location and circumstances under which dangerous events occur can be as ...
Chapter 9b final
... As REM deprivation persists, pressure to enter REM builds up After several days of REM deprivation - rebound phenomenon When allowed to sleep, greater than normal percentage of time in REM ...
... As REM deprivation persists, pressure to enter REM builds up After several days of REM deprivation - rebound phenomenon When allowed to sleep, greater than normal percentage of time in REM ...
On the use of cognitive maps - David Redish
... behavior associated with cognitive maps implies the use of transition models in reinforcement learning algorithms. In contrast to model-free algorithms that depend on current experience only, model-based reinforcement algorithms represent sensory or state information beyond the modeled animal’s curr ...
... behavior associated with cognitive maps implies the use of transition models in reinforcement learning algorithms. In contrast to model-free algorithms that depend on current experience only, model-based reinforcement algorithms represent sensory or state information beyond the modeled animal’s curr ...
High acetylcholine sets circuit dynamics for attention and
... hippocampus, piriform cortex, neocortex and thalamus (Krnjevic and Phillis, 1963; Krjnevic et al., 1971; see review in Hasselmo, 1995). Here the review will focus on data regarding cholinergic modulation in the hippocampus and piriform cortex, but data from the neocortex suggests similar principles ...
... hippocampus, piriform cortex, neocortex and thalamus (Krnjevic and Phillis, 1963; Krjnevic et al., 1971; see review in Hasselmo, 1995). Here the review will focus on data regarding cholinergic modulation in the hippocampus and piriform cortex, but data from the neocortex suggests similar principles ...
Chapter 13 Stress and Glucocorticoid Contributions to Normal and
... dependent task performance in rodents [60, 66]. Studies in humans also support a link between high circulating GC levels and poor learning and memory, although these impairments are not specific to hippocampal function. However, two studies in nonhuman primates have indicated that GC receptors are e ...
... dependent task performance in rodents [60, 66]. Studies in humans also support a link between high circulating GC levels and poor learning and memory, although these impairments are not specific to hippocampal function. However, two studies in nonhuman primates have indicated that GC receptors are e ...
Effects of Repeated Administration of 3,4
... In accordance to our study, Cho et al. (2007) found that oral treatment with MDMA (1.25, 5, 20, 40 mg/kg) or saline for 30 days, dose dependently induced a decrease in the number of BrdU-positive cells in the male and female dentate gyrus. Their results suggest that chronic exposure to MDMA suppress ...
... In accordance to our study, Cho et al. (2007) found that oral treatment with MDMA (1.25, 5, 20, 40 mg/kg) or saline for 30 days, dose dependently induced a decrease in the number of BrdU-positive cells in the male and female dentate gyrus. Their results suggest that chronic exposure to MDMA suppress ...
Memory consolidation
Memory consolidation is a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition. Consolidation is distinguished into two specific processes, synaptic consolidation, which is synonymous with late-phase LTP and occurs within the first few hours after learning, and systems consolidation, where hippocampus-dependent memories become independent of the hippocampus over a period of weeks to years. Recently, a third process has become the focus of research, reconsolidation, in which previously-consolidated memories can be made labile again through reactivation of the memory trace.