Cholinergic modulation of cognitive processing: insights drawn from computational models Kishan Gupta
... influences of each of the reciprocal projections is beyond the scope of this review (for a related review, see Fadel, 2011), it is worth highlighting that the anatomical regions from which these projections originate are frequently attributed with functions relevant to the regulation of the quality ...
... influences of each of the reciprocal projections is beyond the scope of this review (for a related review, see Fadel, 2011), it is worth highlighting that the anatomical regions from which these projections originate are frequently attributed with functions relevant to the regulation of the quality ...
Quantified Distribution of the Noradrenaline Innervation in the
... horn (CAl, CA3-a, CA3-b) and the medial blade (DG-mb), crest (DGc), and lateral blade (DG-lb) of the DG. The exact areas (sectors) to be counted consisted of columns comprising 4-8 rectangular counting windows according to the hippocampal region examined (Fig. 1). From one section and one rat to ano ...
... horn (CAl, CA3-a, CA3-b) and the medial blade (DG-mb), crest (DGc), and lateral blade (DG-lb) of the DG. The exact areas (sectors) to be counted consisted of columns comprising 4-8 rectangular counting windows according to the hippocampal region examined (Fig. 1). From one section and one rat to ano ...
Coordinated Interaction between Hippocampal Sharp
... Stereotaxic surgery. Mice were anesthetized with a ketamine/xylazine mixture (⬃100/10 mg per kg, i.p.) and received two bundles of electrode implantation, one into the CA1 and the other into the ACC, both in the right hemisphere. The coordinates for the ACC were anteroposterior (AP) 0.8 mm anterior ...
... Stereotaxic surgery. Mice were anesthetized with a ketamine/xylazine mixture (⬃100/10 mg per kg, i.p.) and received two bundles of electrode implantation, one into the CA1 and the other into the ACC, both in the right hemisphere. The coordinates for the ACC were anteroposterior (AP) 0.8 mm anterior ...
Parallel contributions of distinct human memory systems during
... Introduction The theory of multiple memory systems has been prominently displayed across species suggesting that the medial temporal lobes (MTL), in particular the hippocampus, are involved in declarative learning while the basal ganglia (BG) system, primarily the striatum, supports nondeclarative l ...
... Introduction The theory of multiple memory systems has been prominently displayed across species suggesting that the medial temporal lobes (MTL), in particular the hippocampus, are involved in declarative learning while the basal ganglia (BG) system, primarily the striatum, supports nondeclarative l ...
Optimal Recall from Bounded Metaplastic Synapses: Predicting
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
Relationship Between Serum BDNF Levels and Cognitive Functions
... In recent years, the hypothesis of neuroplasticity which ...
... In recent years, the hypothesis of neuroplasticity which ...
Enhanced intrinsic excitability and EPSP
... Running head: Environmental enrichment and hippocampal plasticity Keywords: Contextual fear learning; action potential threshold; theta-burst stimulation; miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents, after-hyperpolarization ...
... Running head: Environmental enrichment and hippocampal plasticity Keywords: Contextual fear learning; action potential threshold; theta-burst stimulation; miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents, after-hyperpolarization ...
Synaptic function: Dendritic democracy
... general mechanisms by which protein density, and possibly also dendritic structure, may be regulated depending on dendritic distance. A particularly interesting question is how dendritic distance is ‘encoded’ in the cell — what is the cellular ‘ruler’ that measures how far from the soma a particular ...
... general mechanisms by which protein density, and possibly also dendritic structure, may be regulated depending on dendritic distance. A particularly interesting question is how dendritic distance is ‘encoded’ in the cell — what is the cellular ‘ruler’ that measures how far from the soma a particular ...
Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions during Learning May Occur by Lactate
... local increases in neural activity rapidly (i.e., within seconds) and transiently elevate lactate levels around the activated cells (Li and Freeman, 2015). In vitro, cultured neurons and astrocytes both release lactate. Although astrocytic release is higher under basal conditions, during metabolic u ...
... local increases in neural activity rapidly (i.e., within seconds) and transiently elevate lactate levels around the activated cells (Li and Freeman, 2015). In vitro, cultured neurons and astrocytes both release lactate. Although astrocytic release is higher under basal conditions, during metabolic u ...
Cholinergic induction of network oscillations at 40 Hz in the
... detail1, its effects at the network level are poorly understood2. The hippocampus, which receives a major cholinergic input from the medial septum/diagonal band3, is important in memory4,5 and exhibits network activity at 40 Hz during relevant behaviours6. Here we show that cholinergic activation is ...
... detail1, its effects at the network level are poorly understood2. The hippocampus, which receives a major cholinergic input from the medial septum/diagonal band3, is important in memory4,5 and exhibits network activity at 40 Hz during relevant behaviours6. Here we show that cholinergic activation is ...
Retrieval induces adaptive forgetting of competing memories via
... Remembering a past experience can, surprisingly, cause forgetting. Forgetting arises when other competing traces interfere with retrieval and inhibitory control mechanisms are engaged to suppress the distraction they cause. This form of forgetting is considered to be adaptive because it reduces futu ...
... Remembering a past experience can, surprisingly, cause forgetting. Forgetting arises when other competing traces interfere with retrieval and inhibitory control mechanisms are engaged to suppress the distraction they cause. This form of forgetting is considered to be adaptive because it reduces futu ...
A simulation of parahippocampal and hippocampal structures guiding spatial navigation of
... behavioral transitions between sensory events in the environment and the temporal requirements of long-term potentiation. Data indicates that long-term potentiation is obtained with relatively brief delays between the pre-synaptic spike and the post-synaptic spike. Optimal delays for induction of lo ...
... behavioral transitions between sensory events in the environment and the temporal requirements of long-term potentiation. Data indicates that long-term potentiation is obtained with relatively brief delays between the pre-synaptic spike and the post-synaptic spike. Optimal delays for induction of lo ...
On the nature of medial temporal lobe contributions to the
... the future than about the past. Moreover, activity in a number of these MTL regions was modulated by temporal distance. Most of them showed the same neural response to temporal distance for both the past and future events: either increasing or decreasing activity with increasing temporal distance. T ...
... the future than about the past. Moreover, activity in a number of these MTL regions was modulated by temporal distance. Most of them showed the same neural response to temporal distance for both the past and future events: either increasing or decreasing activity with increasing temporal distance. T ...
Blockade of Central Cholinergic Receptors Impairs New Learning and
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
Blockade of Central Cholinergic Receptors Impairs New Learning
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
Cellular Mechanisms in the Amygdala Involved in Memory
... for adapting to threatening events for survival. Moreover, fear can lead to a number of anxiety disorders when aberrantly expressed. Defining the cellular and synaptic mechanisms underlying fear memory will enhance our understanding of biological mechanism to enemies, as well as our ability to devel ...
... for adapting to threatening events for survival. Moreover, fear can lead to a number of anxiety disorders when aberrantly expressed. Defining the cellular and synaptic mechanisms underlying fear memory will enhance our understanding of biological mechanism to enemies, as well as our ability to devel ...
nervous system part 6 EEG, walkfulness and sleep
... called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used to diagnose and localize brain lesions, tumors, infarcts, infections, abscesses, and epileptic ...
... called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used to diagnose and localize brain lesions, tumors, infarcts, infections, abscesses, and epileptic ...
EEG - pressthebar
... called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used to diagnose and localize brain lesions, tumors, infarcts, infections, abscesses, and epileptic ...
... called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used to diagnose and localize brain lesions, tumors, infarcts, infections, abscesses, and epileptic ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿 - Shandong University
... called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used to diagnose and localize brain lesions, tumors, infarcts, infections, abscesses, and epileptic ...
... called brain waves Brain waves change with age, sensory stimuli, brain disease, and the chemical state of the body An electroencephalogram (EEG) records this activity EEGs can be used to diagnose and localize brain lesions, tumors, infarcts, infections, abscesses, and epileptic ...
Bio Chap 15 - mlfarrispsych
... The Neural Basis of Consciousness • What are the neural correlates of sense of self? – Damage to frontal-temporal areas that impairs episodic memory can produce a detachment from the self. – People with damage to the ACC and the insula may treat their mirror image as a companion, intruder, or stalk ...
... The Neural Basis of Consciousness • What are the neural correlates of sense of self? – Damage to frontal-temporal areas that impairs episodic memory can produce a detachment from the self. – People with damage to the ACC and the insula may treat their mirror image as a companion, intruder, or stalk ...
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
... state that resembles what has been suggested to exist in vivo26. STDP also introduces competition into Hebbian plasticity19,24,25,27. Groups of synapses that are effective at rapidly generating postsynaptic spikes are strengthened by STDP, making them even more effective at controlling the timing of ...
... state that resembles what has been suggested to exist in vivo26. STDP also introduces competition into Hebbian plasticity19,24,25,27. Groups of synapses that are effective at rapidly generating postsynaptic spikes are strengthened by STDP, making them even more effective at controlling the timing of ...
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
... sensitive state that resembles what has been suggested to exist in vivo26. STDP also introduces competition into Hebbian plasticity19, 24, 25, 27. Groups of synapses that are effective at rapidly generating postsynaptic spikes are strengthened by STDP, making them even more effective at controlling ...
... sensitive state that resembles what has been suggested to exist in vivo26. STDP also introduces competition into Hebbian plasticity19, 24, 25, 27. Groups of synapses that are effective at rapidly generating postsynaptic spikes are strengthened by STDP, making them even more effective at controlling ...
The Roles of the Amygdala and the Hippocampus in Fear
... structure of the paper will be divided into three main sections that will investigate pre-existing neuroscientific studies conducted in the field of fear conditioning and its dependency on information about environmental context. The first section will examine the neural substrates of the amygdala a ...
... structure of the paper will be divided into three main sections that will investigate pre-existing neuroscientific studies conducted in the field of fear conditioning and its dependency on information about environmental context. The first section will examine the neural substrates of the amygdala a ...
MUSHROOM BODY MEMOIR: FROM MAPS TO MODELS
... them is the versatility of techniques growing as fast. Mutants with reduced or altered mushroom bodies were described more than 20 years ago62. In several cases their brains were found to be otherwise intact, and many of them show surprisingly normal behaviour. They have been instrumental in establi ...
... them is the versatility of techniques growing as fast. Mutants with reduced or altered mushroom bodies were described more than 20 years ago62. In several cases their brains were found to be otherwise intact, and many of them show surprisingly normal behaviour. They have been instrumental in establi ...
Memory consolidation
Memory consolidation is a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition. Consolidation is distinguished into two specific processes, synaptic consolidation, which is synonymous with late-phase LTP and occurs within the first few hours after learning, and systems consolidation, where hippocampus-dependent memories become independent of the hippocampus over a period of weeks to years. Recently, a third process has become the focus of research, reconsolidation, in which previously-consolidated memories can be made labile again through reactivation of the memory trace.