Latent Heat of Vaporization and Speci c Heat - Physlab
... Dulong{Petit law agrees with experimental results and also the region where the law breaks down. The heat capacity of solids is important information as it allows us to understand the material in a myriad of ways. Therefore an accurate depiction is necessary. Further, it was important for physicists ...
... Dulong{Petit law agrees with experimental results and also the region where the law breaks down. The heat capacity of solids is important information as it allows us to understand the material in a myriad of ways. Therefore an accurate depiction is necessary. Further, it was important for physicists ...
Phase, Q, Curves
... It takes ________ minutes for this substance to melt. Point D is called the Heat of Fusion. The mathematical formula for point D is _________________. Point D is a phase change. The ____________________stays constant during a phase change. The temperature begins to rise during the liquid phase for _ ...
... It takes ________ minutes for this substance to melt. Point D is called the Heat of Fusion. The mathematical formula for point D is _________________. Point D is a phase change. The ____________________stays constant during a phase change. The temperature begins to rise during the liquid phase for _ ...
What_is_diffusion?
... free to move quickly in different directions. When a liquid or gas is heated, it diffuses more quickly. 1 Read the following passage and circle the correct word in each pair. The (movement/shrinking) of particles is called diffusion. A substance spreads out from an area where there is (more/less) of ...
... free to move quickly in different directions. When a liquid or gas is heated, it diffuses more quickly. 1 Read the following passage and circle the correct word in each pair. The (movement/shrinking) of particles is called diffusion. A substance spreads out from an area where there is (more/less) of ...
Gill_chapter4
... 16. Since Td = increase in heat content (of the system), then if the process is isentropic and reversible, then it is also called adiabatic. In our case, we assume “reversible processes,” so isentropic = adiabatic. Thermodynamic Definition: An adiabatic process a process in which no heat is transfe ...
... 16. Since Td = increase in heat content (of the system), then if the process is isentropic and reversible, then it is also called adiabatic. In our case, we assume “reversible processes,” so isentropic = adiabatic. Thermodynamic Definition: An adiabatic process a process in which no heat is transfe ...
Chapter 1: conversion problems, metric system, significant figures
... q < 0 exothermic or w < 0 e.g. a gas expands in the system - it does work on the surroundings and hence the work is negative. If you have to put heat into a system or if you have to put work into a system, the heat and work are positive (i.e. you boil water, you put heat into the system or if you ha ...
... q < 0 exothermic or w < 0 e.g. a gas expands in the system - it does work on the surroundings and hence the work is negative. If you have to put heat into a system or if you have to put work into a system, the heat and work are positive (i.e. you boil water, you put heat into the system or if you ha ...
Measuring yeast growth by spotting serial dilutions
... Measuring growth of yeast by spotting serial dilutions of liquid cultures ...
... Measuring growth of yeast by spotting serial dilutions of liquid cultures ...
Chemistry and the material world
... This way the first law of thermodynamics gives us a fundamental definition of heat because we can measure ΔU for a process that takes s system from an initial to a final state by measuring wad for the adiabatic path and w for the non-adiabatic path. q = wad – w Finally, from the first law of therm ...
... This way the first law of thermodynamics gives us a fundamental definition of heat because we can measure ΔU for a process that takes s system from an initial to a final state by measuring wad for the adiabatic path and w for the non-adiabatic path. q = wad – w Finally, from the first law of therm ...
Thermodynamics
... We assume that thermal processes have no friction or other dissipative forces. In other words: All processes are reversible (Reversible means that it is possible to return system and surroundings to the initial states) ...
... We assume that thermal processes have no friction or other dissipative forces. In other words: All processes are reversible (Reversible means that it is possible to return system and surroundings to the initial states) ...
Lab Activity: Determining Specific Heat of a Metal
... o In exothermic reactions, energy is _________________ so that the surroundings get _______________ and the system _______________. There is _________ energy in the system after the reaction than there was before the reaction. o In endothermic reactions, energy is _________________ so that the surro ...
... o In exothermic reactions, energy is _________________ so that the surroundings get _______________ and the system _______________. There is _________ energy in the system after the reaction than there was before the reaction. o In endothermic reactions, energy is _________________ so that the surro ...
Notes in pdf format
... We will look at entropy on the next slide (and in a mathematical way on Friday), but in lay language entropy means that a system left alone (without outside influence) will always go from a state of more order to a state of less order. ...
... We will look at entropy on the next slide (and in a mathematical way on Friday), but in lay language entropy means that a system left alone (without outside influence) will always go from a state of more order to a state of less order. ...
Calculate q rxn
... Kinetic energy associated with random molecular motion. In general proportional to temperature. An intensive property. ...
... Kinetic energy associated with random molecular motion. In general proportional to temperature. An intensive property. ...
Countercurrent exchange
Countercurrent exchange is a mechanism occurring in nature and mimicked in industry and engineering, in which there is a crossover of some property, usually heat or some component, between two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other. The flowing bodies can be liquids, gases, or even solid powders, or any combination of those. For example, in a distillation column, the vapors bubble up through the downward flowing liquid while exchanging both heat and mass.The maximum amount of heat or mass transfer that can be obtained is higher with countercurrent than co-current (parallel) exchange because countercurrent maintains a slowly declining difference or gradient (usually temperature or concentration difference). In cocurrent exchange the initial gradient is higher but falls off quickly, leading to wasted potential. For example, in the diagram at the right, the fluid being heated (exiting top) has a higher exiting temperature than the cooled fluid (exiting bottom) that was used for heating. With cocurrent or parallel exchange the heated and cooled fluids can only approach one another. The result is that countercurrent exchange can achieve a greater amount of heat or mass transfer than parallel under otherwise similar conditions. See: flow arrangement.Countercurrent exchange when set up in a circuit or loop can be used for building up concentrations, heat, or other properties of flowing liquids. Specifically when set up in a loop with a buffering liquid between the incoming and outgoing fluid running in a circuit, and with active transport pumps on the outgoing fluid's tubes, the system is called a Countercurrent multiplier, enabling a multiplied effect of many small pumps to gradually build up a large concentration in the buffer liquid.Other countercurrent exchange circuits where the incoming and outgoing fluids touch each other are used for retaining a high concentration of a dissolved substance or for retaining heat, or for allowing the external buildup of the heat or concentration at one point in the system.Countercurrent exchange circuits or loops are found extensively in nature, specifically in biologic systems. In vertebrates, they are called a Rete mirabile, originally the name of an organ in fish gills for absorbing oxygen from the water. It is mimicked in industrial systems. Countercurrent exchange is a key concept in chemical engineering thermodynamics and manufacturing processes, for example in extracting sucrose from sugar beet roots.Countercurrent multiplication is a similar but different concept where liquid moves in a loop followed by a long length of movement in opposite directions with an intermediate zone. The tube leading to the loop passively building up a gradient of heat (or cooling) or solvent concentration while the returning tube has a constant small pumping action all along it, so that a gradual intensification of the heat or concentration is created towards the loop. Countercurrent multiplication has been found in the kidneys as well as in many other biological organs.