Genetic Engineering Techniques
... the DNA at a certain recognizable sequence. The same enzyme is then used to treat the DNA sequence to be engineered into the bacteria; this procedure creates "sticky ends" that will fuse together if ...
... the DNA at a certain recognizable sequence. The same enzyme is then used to treat the DNA sequence to be engineered into the bacteria; this procedure creates "sticky ends" that will fuse together if ...
Lecture 23: Powerpoint
... Most fragments will not end up being useful Some may have the gene(s) you want Getting the gene you want is like finding a needle in a haystack! ...
... Most fragments will not end up being useful Some may have the gene(s) you want Getting the gene you want is like finding a needle in a haystack! ...
Unit 4: Genetics
... complete human genome. • 1) Future understanding of many genetic diseases. • 2) Advanced, targeted pharmaceutical production. • 3) Bioethical implications, e.g. potential genetic discrimination. Courtesy of David Richfield ...
... complete human genome. • 1) Future understanding of many genetic diseases. • 2) Advanced, targeted pharmaceutical production. • 3) Bioethical implications, e.g. potential genetic discrimination. Courtesy of David Richfield ...
11-2 Genetics and Probability
... 1. Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA into fragments containing genes and repeats 2. The restriction fragments are separated according to size using gel electrophoresis 3. The DNA fragments containing repeats are then labeled using radioactive probes. This labeling produces a series of band ...
... 1. Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA into fragments containing genes and repeats 2. The restriction fragments are separated according to size using gel electrophoresis 3. The DNA fragments containing repeats are then labeled using radioactive probes. This labeling produces a series of band ...
11-2 Genetics and Probability
... 1. Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA into fragments containing genes and repeats 2. The restriction fragments are separated according to size using gel electrophoresis 3. The DNA fragments containing repeats are then labeled using radioactive probes. This labeling produces a series of band ...
... 1. Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA into fragments containing genes and repeats 2. The restriction fragments are separated according to size using gel electrophoresis 3. The DNA fragments containing repeats are then labeled using radioactive probes. This labeling produces a series of band ...
042310_recombinant_DNA2
... • Small size in comparison with host’s chromosomes (for easy manipulation) • Ability to replicate independently (so that a lot of copies could be generated) • A recognition sequence for a restriction enzyme (so that we can introduce our DNA of interest) • Reporter genes (to confirm we have successfu ...
... • Small size in comparison with host’s chromosomes (for easy manipulation) • Ability to replicate independently (so that a lot of copies could be generated) • A recognition sequence for a restriction enzyme (so that we can introduce our DNA of interest) • Reporter genes (to confirm we have successfu ...
Lecture 2
... lacZ are replaced by MCS) inactivates the N-terminal fragment of betagalactosidase and abolishes alfa-complementation. Bacteria carrying recombinant plasmids therefore give rise to white colonies. ...
... lacZ are replaced by MCS) inactivates the N-terminal fragment of betagalactosidase and abolishes alfa-complementation. Bacteria carrying recombinant plasmids therefore give rise to white colonies. ...
Transgenic bacteria development for minicircle production using
... therapeutic treatment of disease. The minicircles vectors (MC) plasmid have reduced size, they are devoid of bacterial sequences as the origin of replication and antibiotic resistance gene, allowing a prolonged transgene expression and low immunogenicity. These vectors are produced through the proce ...
... therapeutic treatment of disease. The minicircles vectors (MC) plasmid have reduced size, they are devoid of bacterial sequences as the origin of replication and antibiotic resistance gene, allowing a prolonged transgene expression and low immunogenicity. These vectors are produced through the proce ...
Cloning Vector
... They have the appropriate origins of replication. Hence one can clone a gene in bacteria, maybe modify it or mutate it in bacteria, and test its function by introducing it into yeast or animal cells ...
... They have the appropriate origins of replication. Hence one can clone a gene in bacteria, maybe modify it or mutate it in bacteria, and test its function by introducing it into yeast or animal cells ...
Bacterial genetics - Comenius University
... 1)Fertility factor:contact between F+ and FF+responsible for sex specific pilli synthesis -wall to wall contact by cytoplasmatic bridge, - contact initiate plasmid replication and transfer 2) Atb resistance-R: in G+, adhesin on the surface of the donor ...
... 1)Fertility factor:contact between F+ and FF+responsible for sex specific pilli synthesis -wall to wall contact by cytoplasmatic bridge, - contact initiate plasmid replication and transfer 2) Atb resistance-R: in G+, adhesin on the surface of the donor ...
Bacterial genetics
... 1)Fertility factor:contact between F+ and FF+responsible for sex specific pilli synthesis -wall to wall contact by cytoplasmatic bridge, - contact initiate plasmid replication and transfer 2) Atb resistance-R: in G+, adhesin on the surface of the donor ...
... 1)Fertility factor:contact between F+ and FF+responsible for sex specific pilli synthesis -wall to wall contact by cytoplasmatic bridge, - contact initiate plasmid replication and transfer 2) Atb resistance-R: in G+, adhesin on the surface of the donor ...
Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering Changing the living world
... During transformation, a cell takes in DNA from outside the cell, and becomes part of the cell’s DNA. The foreign DNA is first joined to a small, circular DNA known as a plasmid. Plasmids are found naturally in some bacteria and have been very useful for DNA transfer. Why? The plasmid has a genetic ...
... During transformation, a cell takes in DNA from outside the cell, and becomes part of the cell’s DNA. The foreign DNA is first joined to a small, circular DNA known as a plasmid. Plasmids are found naturally in some bacteria and have been very useful for DNA transfer. Why? The plasmid has a genetic ...
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
... • A virus destroys the host cell (bacterium 1) and incorporates some of the bacterial genes into its viral genome ...
... • A virus destroys the host cell (bacterium 1) and incorporates some of the bacterial genes into its viral genome ...
F factor
... - Mutation rate ~1 mutation/chromosome/generation - With short generation time = lots of mutations ~ 107-108 mutations/12 hours ...
... - Mutation rate ~1 mutation/chromosome/generation - With short generation time = lots of mutations ~ 107-108 mutations/12 hours ...
BIOTECHNOLOGY
... Recombinant DNA Technology: Using the above tools, genes are combined from two or more different sources. The recombinant fragment is introduced into a cell that can express that gene. Uses: Mass production of biochemicals needed by other species Creation of new strains of living organisms Pro ...
... Recombinant DNA Technology: Using the above tools, genes are combined from two or more different sources. The recombinant fragment is introduced into a cell that can express that gene. Uses: Mass production of biochemicals needed by other species Creation of new strains of living organisms Pro ...
DNA Technology
... If the cells containing a desired gene translate the gene into protein, then it is possible to identify them by screening for the protein. This if often done by using antibodies that bind to the protein. ...
... If the cells containing a desired gene translate the gene into protein, then it is possible to identify them by screening for the protein. This if often done by using antibodies that bind to the protein. ...
Biotechnology Key Terms and Concepts
... a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell. Cloning is how scientists make a genetic duplicate of an organism. Cloning has the potential to mass produce an animal with a desirable set of traits. B. Genetic engineering-any type of alteration in the genetic make-up of ...
... a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell. Cloning is how scientists make a genetic duplicate of an organism. Cloning has the potential to mass produce an animal with a desirable set of traits. B. Genetic engineering-any type of alteration in the genetic make-up of ...
DNA_Technology_part2
... bacteria containing the plasmid • Only about 0.001% of bacterial cells take up any DNA/Plasmids when the two are mixed together. • Firstly, we must identify the bacteria containing the plasmids – we do this by growing the bacteria on a medium containing an antibiotic. • The antibiotic resistant gene ...
... bacteria containing the plasmid • Only about 0.001% of bacterial cells take up any DNA/Plasmids when the two are mixed together. • Firstly, we must identify the bacteria containing the plasmids – we do this by growing the bacteria on a medium containing an antibiotic. • The antibiotic resistant gene ...
Ch. 13.1: BIOTECHNOLOGY
... Determine the enzyme that will allow for removal of human insulin gene AND match up with the sticky ends on the plasmid. ...
... Determine the enzyme that will allow for removal of human insulin gene AND match up with the sticky ends on the plasmid. ...
Supplementary Information (doc 83K)
... The region of the R. pomeroyi genome (Moran et al., 2004; see http://cmr.jcvi.org/cgibin/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?org=gsi) that spanned the promoter regions of both dddW and the divergently transcribed regulatory gene SPO0454 was amplified from genomic DNA using primers shown in Supplementary Table 2 and ...
... The region of the R. pomeroyi genome (Moran et al., 2004; see http://cmr.jcvi.org/cgibin/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?org=gsi) that spanned the promoter regions of both dddW and the divergently transcribed regulatory gene SPO0454 was amplified from genomic DNA using primers shown in Supplementary Table 2 and ...
Plasmid
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A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found in bacteria as small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules; however, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. In nature, plasmids often carry genes that may benefit the survival of the organism, for example antibiotic resistance. While the chromosomes are big and contain all the essential information for living, plasmids usually are very small and contain only additional information. Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA sequences within host organisms.Plasmids are considered replicons, a unit of DNA capable of replicating autonomously within a suitable host. However, plasmids, like viruses, are not generally classified as life. Plasmids can be transmitted from one bacterium to another (even of another species) via three main mechanisms: transformation, transduction, and conjugation. This host-to-host transfer of genetic material is called horizontal gene transfer, and plasmids can be considered part of the mobilome. Unlike viruses (which encase their genetic material in a protective protein coat called a capsid), plasmids are ""naked"" DNA and do not encode genes necessary to encase the genetic material for transfer to a new host. However, some classes of plasmids encode the conjugative ""sex"" pilus necessary for their own transfer. The size of the plasmid varies from 1 to over 200 kbp, and the number of identical plasmids in a single cell can range anywhere from one to thousands under some circumstances.The relationship between microbes and plasmid DNA is neither parasitic nor mutualistic, because each implies the presence of an independent species living in a detrimental or commensal state with the host organism. Rather, plasmids provide a mechanism for horizontal gene transfer within a population of microbes and typically provide a selective advantage under a given environmental state. Plasmids may carry genes that provide resistance to naturally occurring antibiotics in a competitive environmental niche, or the proteins produced may act as toxins under similar circumstances, or allow the organism to utilize particular organic compounds that would be advantageous when nutrients are scarce.