maintaining genetic diversity in bacterial evolutionary algorithm
... Unfortunately, the use of niching did not increase the genetic diversity in the measure hoped for. Obviously, the goal of niching is not to increase the genetic diversity for its own sake but to maintain an appropriate diversity that helps creating good individuals in the vicinity of equally good so ...
... Unfortunately, the use of niching did not increase the genetic diversity in the measure hoped for. Obviously, the goal of niching is not to increase the genetic diversity for its own sake but to maintain an appropriate diversity that helps creating good individuals in the vicinity of equally good so ...
Document
... • HIV enters the body • Virus infects a large number of CD4+ T cells and replicates rapidly • Blood has a high number of HIV copies (viral load) – spread throughout the body – seeding in various organs, particularly the lymphoid organs such as the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes ...
... • HIV enters the body • Virus infects a large number of CD4+ T cells and replicates rapidly • Blood has a high number of HIV copies (viral load) – spread throughout the body – seeding in various organs, particularly the lymphoid organs such as the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes ...
Theoretical Approaches to the Evolution of Development and
... the evolution of genetic covariance. Selection to change the overall degree of epistasis or to change the curvature of a reaction norm acts on the sixth moment (Rice 2004b). If we accept that selection for canalization, modularity, and phenotypic plasticity are among the important factors influencin ...
... the evolution of genetic covariance. Selection to change the overall degree of epistasis or to change the curvature of a reaction norm acts on the sixth moment (Rice 2004b). If we accept that selection for canalization, modularity, and phenotypic plasticity are among the important factors influencin ...
Respiratory Tract Samples, Viral Load, and
... There were several features of SARS that distinguished it from other viral causes of RTIs [7, 11]. The pathogenic potential, natural history, and transmission dynamics of MERS-CoV require definition before the optimal sample type can be ascertained. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 was identified as the recepto ...
... There were several features of SARS that distinguished it from other viral causes of RTIs [7, 11]. The pathogenic potential, natural history, and transmission dynamics of MERS-CoV require definition before the optimal sample type can be ascertained. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 was identified as the recepto ...
slides - Dorman external link
... forward in time, it leads to the conclusion that ultimate there will remain only one allele in the population. While at first it is very easy to remove alleles, the numbers of the remaining alleles increase and it is less likely that they will be removed at each generation. However, there is always ...
... forward in time, it leads to the conclusion that ultimate there will remain only one allele in the population. While at first it is very easy to remove alleles, the numbers of the remaining alleles increase and it is less likely that they will be removed at each generation. However, there is always ...
Product Monograph for Fluad
... During clinical trials of FLUAD Pediatric™, rhinitis, cough, upper respiratory tract inflammation, and nasopharyngitis were reported as temporally related unsolicited adverse events in both pediatric age groups. In addition, the following unsolicited adverse events of note were reported within 3 we ...
... During clinical trials of FLUAD Pediatric™, rhinitis, cough, upper respiratory tract inflammation, and nasopharyngitis were reported as temporally related unsolicited adverse events in both pediatric age groups. In addition, the following unsolicited adverse events of note were reported within 3 we ...
Modeling Linkage Disequilibrium and Identifying Recombination
... measures for six simulated data sets, simulated under various models for heterogeneity in the underlying recombination rate. The reader is invited to speculate on what the underlying models are in each case—the answer appears in the Figure 8 legend. In each of the six figures one can identify by eye ...
... measures for six simulated data sets, simulated under various models for heterogeneity in the underlying recombination rate. The reader is invited to speculate on what the underlying models are in each case—the answer appears in the Figure 8 legend. In each of the six figures one can identify by eye ...
Ebola virus: Questions, answers, and more questions
... from Dr. Bruce Ribner, of Emory University Hospital, in an October 2014 report of his experience caring for Ebola-infected patients at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta, GA.5 He described fluid losses of 5 to 10 L/day, profound hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia, which were associated wi ...
... from Dr. Bruce Ribner, of Emory University Hospital, in an October 2014 report of his experience caring for Ebola-infected patients at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta, GA.5 He described fluid losses of 5 to 10 L/day, profound hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia, which were associated wi ...
Infectious diseases
... have consumed frozen strawberries from the same processor. The genetic sequences of the virus from all tested individuals were the same, confirming a common source of infection for all cases. Without molecular fingerprinting, it would have been very difficult, if not impossible, to link these appare ...
... have consumed frozen strawberries from the same processor. The genetic sequences of the virus from all tested individuals were the same, confirming a common source of infection for all cases. Without molecular fingerprinting, it would have been very difficult, if not impossible, to link these appare ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
... resist infection by various bacterial pathogens and mutants (Figure 2). They were also able to demonstrate conservation of both virulence factors and defence genes because Drosophila phg1 mutants are more susceptible to K. pneumoniae infection [10]. Y. pestis, the causative agent of plague, can for ...
... resist infection by various bacterial pathogens and mutants (Figure 2). They were also able to demonstrate conservation of both virulence factors and defence genes because Drosophila phg1 mutants are more susceptible to K. pneumoniae infection [10]. Y. pestis, the causative agent of plague, can for ...
The compact genetic algorithm - Evolutionary Computation, IEEE
... (a point in the search space). Syswerda [18] introduced an operator called bit-based simulated crossover (BSC) that uses the statistics in the GA’s population to generate offspring. BSC does a weighted average of the alleles of the individuals along each bit position (a bit column). By using the fit ...
... (a point in the search space). Syswerda [18] introduced an operator called bit-based simulated crossover (BSC) that uses the statistics in the GA’s population to generate offspring. BSC does a weighted average of the alleles of the individuals along each bit position (a bit column). By using the fit ...
An Overview of Evolutionary Computation
... systems. There are a variety of evolutionary computational models that have been proposed and studied which we will refer to as evolutionary algorithms. They share a common conceptual base of simulating the evolution of individual structures via processes of selection and reproduction. These process ...
... systems. There are a variety of evolutionary computational models that have been proposed and studied which we will refer to as evolutionary algorithms. They share a common conceptual base of simulating the evolution of individual structures via processes of selection and reproduction. These process ...
General Information - H1N1 flu virus
... Q5. If there are no studies done, then how can you assure me that it is safe? Recently, limited data has become available on the use of Tamiflu in infants (not from formal studies but from physicians using Tamiflu in infants in other countries). An analysis of this data suggests that Tamiflu may be ...
... Q5. If there are no studies done, then how can you assure me that it is safe? Recently, limited data has become available on the use of Tamiflu in infants (not from formal studies but from physicians using Tamiflu in infants in other countries). An analysis of this data suggests that Tamiflu may be ...
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Questions
... Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Questions and Answers for Health 2013Care Providers 2014 24. What if during LAIV administration a child refuses the 2nd half of the dose? ...... 15 25. Do I have to use personal protective equipment to administer LAIV? ................ 16 26. What are the contraind ...
... Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Questions and Answers for Health 2013Care Providers 2014 24. What if during LAIV administration a child refuses the 2nd half of the dose? ...... 15 25. Do I have to use personal protective equipment to administer LAIV? ................ 16 26. What are the contraind ...
doc - Lonely Joe Parker
... meaningful convergence? The problem is compounded when considering genetic data, since over geological time frequent substitutions, both synonymous and nonsynonymous, occur at random. This means that parallel changes can certainly arise by chance, and simple calculation shows that a large number of ...
... meaningful convergence? The problem is compounded when considering genetic data, since over geological time frequent substitutions, both synonymous and nonsynonymous, occur at random. This means that parallel changes can certainly arise by chance, and simple calculation shows that a large number of ...
Plant Virology
... • Loss due to plant viruses is often difficult to quantify, but they are often of great importance as plant pathogens (fungi are most economically important ) • Viruses do not usually kill plants, and symptoms on plants are often subtle • Virus diseases of plants are not subject to chemical control ...
... • Loss due to plant viruses is often difficult to quantify, but they are often of great importance as plant pathogens (fungi are most economically important ) • Viruses do not usually kill plants, and symptoms on plants are often subtle • Virus diseases of plants are not subject to chemical control ...
the modern molecular clock
... The simplest way to estimate genetic distance is to count the number of differences between the DNA (or protein) sequences for a particular gene or genes. However, this approach will fail to count ‘multiple hits’ (repeated changes), so a model of sequence evolution is needed to estimate the true num ...
... The simplest way to estimate genetic distance is to count the number of differences between the DNA (or protein) sequences for a particular gene or genes. However, this approach will fail to count ‘multiple hits’ (repeated changes), so a model of sequence evolution is needed to estimate the true num ...
What is Situated Evolution?
... and death. During this time they measure their fitness against the environment by acting in that environment. In most traditional evolutionary algorithms, individuals are not acting, but passively undergo fitness evaluation, selection and variation. In other words, these operations are instantaneous — ...
... and death. During this time they measure their fitness against the environment by acting in that environment. In most traditional evolutionary algorithms, individuals are not acting, but passively undergo fitness evaluation, selection and variation. In other words, these operations are instantaneous — ...
National Influenza Pandemic Plan
... According to data from the last two recorded pandemics, it would take about two to three months for a new pandemic virus to spread from its country of origin to another country, and six months to spread worldwide. Taking current conditions into consideration, i.e. the facilitated and rapid travel fr ...
... According to data from the last two recorded pandemics, it would take about two to three months for a new pandemic virus to spread from its country of origin to another country, and six months to spread worldwide. Taking current conditions into consideration, i.e. the facilitated and rapid travel fr ...
counting viruses in mat - Research Explorer
... hotosynthetic microbial mats are vertically stratified benthic microbial communities that are found worldwide in environments ranging from hot springs to sea ice (e.g., see reference 1). The top layer of these mats is mostly composed of photoautotrophs (filamentous cyanobacteria and eukaryotic phyto ...
... hotosynthetic microbial mats are vertically stratified benthic microbial communities that are found worldwide in environments ranging from hot springs to sea ice (e.g., see reference 1). The top layer of these mats is mostly composed of photoautotrophs (filamentous cyanobacteria and eukaryotic phyto ...
Viruses and Bacteria
... Population Explosion Predicting: Do you think the bacterial population will continue to grow at the same rate? Why or why not? Not likely. The bacteria will continue to reproduce at this rate only as long as the conditions are favorable. ...
... Population Explosion Predicting: Do you think the bacterial population will continue to grow at the same rate? Why or why not? Not likely. The bacteria will continue to reproduce at this rate only as long as the conditions are favorable. ...
Probiotics and virus infections : The effects of Lactobacillus
... infections, specific probiotics have been suggested to be effective in alleviating the duration and severity of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis (Guarino et al., 2009). In addition, probiotics are able to reduce the risk of respiratory tract infections in children (Hatakka et al., 2001, Cobo Sanz et ...
... infections, specific probiotics have been suggested to be effective in alleviating the duration and severity of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis (Guarino et al., 2009). In addition, probiotics are able to reduce the risk of respiratory tract infections in children (Hatakka et al., 2001, Cobo Sanz et ...
It takes more than just a single target
... assay contributes to optimal treatment decisions for patient management2,5,18,19 ...
... assay contributes to optimal treatment decisions for patient management2,5,18,19 ...
Full text
... Suppose we have a pattern of strong covariation among traits in a population (this refers both to the genetic and phenotypic level). Most people would attribute this to selection at any time in the past, not necessarily in the most recent past. But there are alternative explanations, and one alterna ...
... Suppose we have a pattern of strong covariation among traits in a population (this refers both to the genetic and phenotypic level). Most people would attribute this to selection at any time in the past, not necessarily in the most recent past. But there are alternative explanations, and one alterna ...
A modelling framework for the analysis of artificial
... of a trait (Le Rouzic et al., 2007). Arguably, most traits might be too complex for such a reductionist approach to quantify evolutionary relevant parameters with satisfactory precision. Alternatively, the general properties of the genetic architecture may be evaluated through quantitative genetics ...
... of a trait (Le Rouzic et al., 2007). Arguably, most traits might be too complex for such a reductionist approach to quantify evolutionary relevant parameters with satisfactory precision. Alternatively, the general properties of the genetic architecture may be evaluated through quantitative genetics ...
Viral phylodynamics
Viral phylodynamics is defined as the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies.Since the coining of the term in 2004, research on viral phylodynamics has focused on transmission dynamics in an effort to shed light on how these dynamics impact viral genetic variation. Transmission dynamics can be considered at the level of cells within an infected host, individual hosts within a population, or entire populations of hosts.Many viruses, especially RNA viruses, rapidly accumulate genetic variation because of short generation times and high mutation rates.Patterns of viral genetic variation are therefore heavily influenced by how quickly transmission occurs and by which entities transmit to one another.Patterns of viral genetic variation will also be affected by selection acting on viral phenotypes.Although viruses can differ with respect to many phenotypes, phylodynamic studies have to date tended to focus on a limited number of viral phenotypes.These include virulence phenotypes, phenotypes associated with viral transmissibility, cell or tissue tropism phenotypes, and antigenic phenotypes that can facilitate escape from host immunity.Due to the impact that transmission dynamics and selection can have on viral genetic variation, viral phylogenies can therefore be used to investigate important epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes, such as epidemic spread, spatio-temporal dynamics including metapopulation dynamics, zoonotic transmission, tissue tropism, and antigenic drift.The quantitative investigation of these processes through the consideration of viral phylogenies is the central aim of viral phylodynamics.