... space and thus have a cooling effect on the climate. That aerosols have that affect is widely understood. But as ambient concentrations of anthropogenic aerosols continue to decline (yes, global pollution is on the decline, not on the rise), the argument is that this artificial cooling effect will b ...
Slide 1
... LCA and KP track KP expires 31 Dec 2012 Likely, KP next phase will be ‘transitional’, one or more years, Likely KP rules preserved and docked into long term framework Commitments and actions all Parties, (by 2015) while respecting CBDR ...
... LCA and KP track KP expires 31 Dec 2012 Likely, KP next phase will be ‘transitional’, one or more years, Likely KP rules preserved and docked into long term framework Commitments and actions all Parties, (by 2015) while respecting CBDR ...
Fighting Fossil Fuels First
... of 70 per cent by 2020 and over 90 per cent by 2030 – from a 1990 baseline – leading to an almost total phase-out of fossil fuels thereafter.11 The EU has, however, recently adopted an emissions reductions target of just 40 per cent by 2030. Repeated warnings from international institutions indicate ...
... of 70 per cent by 2020 and over 90 per cent by 2030 – from a 1990 baseline – leading to an almost total phase-out of fossil fuels thereafter.11 The EU has, however, recently adopted an emissions reductions target of just 40 per cent by 2030. Repeated warnings from international institutions indicate ...
The legacy of the Kyoto Protocol: a view from
... emission intensity of energy supply, energy use, transport, buildings, industrial processes, agriculture, and forestry. These policies were introduced partly to achieve KP emission reduction targets or develop CDM projects, partly because of other economic reasons.10–12 Financial support to developi ...
... emission intensity of energy supply, energy use, transport, buildings, industrial processes, agriculture, and forestry. These policies were introduced partly to achieve KP emission reduction targets or develop CDM projects, partly because of other economic reasons.10–12 Financial support to developi ...
Bluie West
... comprising parts of Bluie, the band and crew, suffers a serious compound fracture of the leg when she is crushed filming in the audience when the panic occurs. The U.S. Congress bans Delta performances. Protests and violence like never before begin in the U.S. The kids use hacked face recognition so ...
... comprising parts of Bluie, the band and crew, suffers a serious compound fracture of the leg when she is crushed filming in the audience when the panic occurs. The U.S. Congress bans Delta performances. Protests and violence like never before begin in the U.S. The kids use hacked face recognition so ...
uk.dimmock.10Oct07 - Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide
... of the statute, any such exception can be carved out. It must be as much of a breach of the statute, on his construction, for the school or a teacher to show in a history class a film for example of Nazi or Leninist/Stalinist propaganda, or for that matter to make available such literature in docume ...
... of the statute, any such exception can be carved out. It must be as much of a breach of the statute, on his construction, for the school or a teacher to show in a history class a film for example of Nazi or Leninist/Stalinist propaganda, or for that matter to make available such literature in docume ...
The Promises and Perils of Geoengineering Simon Nicholson
... sulfate particles through giant hoses tethered to helium-filled balloons or adding sulfates to jet fuel. The required sulfur could itself be harvested in the needed quantities from coal-fired power plants, in effect rendering two of the main contributors to climate change—jet travel and the burning ...
... sulfate particles through giant hoses tethered to helium-filled balloons or adding sulfates to jet fuel. The required sulfur could itself be harvested in the needed quantities from coal-fired power plants, in effect rendering two of the main contributors to climate change—jet travel and the burning ...
Environmental prices, uncertainty and learning
... the structure of the problem and how to model it. A further complication is the second-best nature of real environmental policy making. In this paper, we propose some practical steps for setting prices in the face of these difficulties, drawing on the example of climate change. We consider how to de ...
... the structure of the problem and how to model it. A further complication is the second-best nature of real environmental policy making. In this paper, we propose some practical steps for setting prices in the face of these difficulties, drawing on the example of climate change. We consider how to de ...
PDF
... smallholder farmers are grieving from the effects of global warming with prolonged droughts and unexpected shift in normal weather patterns, with the globally competitive horticultural sector remaining the most vulnerable to climate risks. It is therefore important to have a better understanding of ...
... smallholder farmers are grieving from the effects of global warming with prolonged droughts and unexpected shift in normal weather patterns, with the globally competitive horticultural sector remaining the most vulnerable to climate risks. It is therefore important to have a better understanding of ...
Power - cloudfront.net
... (GHGs) emissions Voluntary reasons firms, governments, individuals and other organisations constrain emissions – carbon neutral Both domestic reductions and purchase of outside “GHG emission reductions” As GHGs settle in the atmosphere, it does not matter where emissions are reduced Opportunity for ...
... (GHGs) emissions Voluntary reasons firms, governments, individuals and other organisations constrain emissions – carbon neutral Both domestic reductions and purchase of outside “GHG emission reductions” As GHGs settle in the atmosphere, it does not matter where emissions are reduced Opportunity for ...
Slide 1
... …it is possible to combine economic development with a stabilization – and decrease – of emissions. ...
... …it is possible to combine economic development with a stabilization – and decrease – of emissions. ...
The EU`s disappointing leadership on climate, or
... proper domestic climate change policy (Oberthür and Dupont, 2011; Parker and Karlsson, ...
... proper domestic climate change policy (Oberthür and Dupont, 2011; Parker and Karlsson, ...
Targets for global climate policy An overview
... The total welfare impact of climate change is but one input. Other parameters are the rate of pure time preference, the growth rate of per capita consumption, and the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption. Estimates also differ with regard to projections of CO2 emissions, the carbon cycle, t ...
... The total welfare impact of climate change is but one input. Other parameters are the rate of pure time preference, the growth rate of per capita consumption, and the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption. Estimates also differ with regard to projections of CO2 emissions, the carbon cycle, t ...
Slide 1
... • will Reclamation meet it’s current contractual obligations for water storage and delivery? • will Reclamation meet it’s environmental obligations? • will current flood risk management practices be adequate? ...
... • will Reclamation meet it’s current contractual obligations for water storage and delivery? • will Reclamation meet it’s environmental obligations? • will current flood risk management practices be adequate? ...
The Positive Feedback Loop between the Impacts of Climate
... severely negative towards the end of the century. In some regions and locations, much more dramatic changes are predicted. The tropics will see a significant worsening of climatic conditions for agriculture, while boreal regions (Canada and Russia) will possibly see an improvement. There is agreemen ...
... severely negative towards the end of the century. In some regions and locations, much more dramatic changes are predicted. The tropics will see a significant worsening of climatic conditions for agriculture, while boreal regions (Canada and Russia) will possibly see an improvement. There is agreemen ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change - European Commission
... limatic changes have occurred throughout the Earth’s geological history. The last Ice age ended about 12,000 years ago. However, there is mounting scientific and political consensus that most of the warming observed in the past 50 years is due to increased release of greenhouse gases – mainly carbon ...
... limatic changes have occurred throughout the Earth’s geological history. The last Ice age ended about 12,000 years ago. However, there is mounting scientific and political consensus that most of the warming observed in the past 50 years is due to increased release of greenhouse gases – mainly carbon ...
Greenhouse Gas Accounting Terminology
... organizations to build and launch the Climate Registry, a voluntary GHG registry for the North American region covering states in the US, Native Sovereign Nations, Canada and Mexico. The last year for which the California Registry will accept emissions reports is 2009 and, thereafter, its members ...
... organizations to build and launch the Climate Registry, a voluntary GHG registry for the North American region covering states in the US, Native Sovereign Nations, Canada and Mexico. The last year for which the California Registry will accept emissions reports is 2009 and, thereafter, its members ...
What Role Do Property Rights Play In Climate Change?
... Richard Lord moved on to discuss relevant approaches to preventing or redressing the detrimental impacts of climate change on private property rights. There are potentially a number of human rights infringed by climate change: for example the right to private and family life, the right to life and t ...
... Richard Lord moved on to discuss relevant approaches to preventing or redressing the detrimental impacts of climate change on private property rights. There are potentially a number of human rights infringed by climate change: for example the right to private and family life, the right to life and t ...
Request for Expression of Interest Firm - World Bank E
... The GEF Climate Change (CC) focal area is one of the six focal areas supported by the GEF Trust Fund as well as the Least Developed Countries Trust Fund (LDCF) and the Special Climate Change Trust Fund (SCCF) administered by the GEF, all serving as financial mechanisms of the UN Framework Convention ...
... The GEF Climate Change (CC) focal area is one of the six focal areas supported by the GEF Trust Fund as well as the Least Developed Countries Trust Fund (LDCF) and the Special Climate Change Trust Fund (SCCF) administered by the GEF, all serving as financial mechanisms of the UN Framework Convention ...
ecvs in the stratosphere - CCI
... • Improve and understand climate data records (CDRs) of stratospheric ECVs in order to understand climate variability and trends and the mechanisms that drive them ! support international assessments and contribute to GCOS goals • Should extend to stratospheric ECVs other than ozone. • Should imp ...
... • Improve and understand climate data records (CDRs) of stratospheric ECVs in order to understand climate variability and trends and the mechanisms that drive them ! support international assessments and contribute to GCOS goals • Should extend to stratospheric ECVs other than ozone. • Should imp ...
Establishing Accountability for Climate Change Damages: Lessons
... for this emphasis, but it proved critical to achieving the landmark settlement. For the previous four decades, the tobacco industry had not lost a single legal case nor been forced to release most of its internal documents. But attorneys began to see the tremendous value of the industry’s memos in a ...
... for this emphasis, but it proved critical to achieving the landmark settlement. For the previous four decades, the tobacco industry had not lost a single legal case nor been forced to release most of its internal documents. But attorneys began to see the tremendous value of the industry’s memos in a ...
Emissions Trading and Deforestation Casey McKenzie BUEC 560
... nutrients reach the soil, leaving it nearly sterile. (wildmadagascar.org) Farmers typically get only a few growing seasons out of the land before their plot is exhausted and they are forced to move on and clear new land. For these farmers and small landowners, the standing forest simply represents ...
... nutrients reach the soil, leaving it nearly sterile. (wildmadagascar.org) Farmers typically get only a few growing seasons out of the land before their plot is exhausted and they are forced to move on and clear new land. For these farmers and small landowners, the standing forest simply represents ...
action kit - Climate Reality Project
... community. You have friends, family, neighbors, work colleagues, and school connections – all these contacts add up to an incredibly vital network. Together, your network can achieve great change for your community. Imagine thousands upon thousands of communities standing up for climate action and d ...
... community. You have friends, family, neighbors, work colleagues, and school connections – all these contacts add up to an incredibly vital network. Together, your network can achieve great change for your community. Imagine thousands upon thousands of communities standing up for climate action and d ...
Broader perspectives for comparing different greenhouse gases
... on further reduction of methane rather than CO2 . This may have short-term value, but is not consistent with long-term climate-change stabilization strategies. Furthermore, the use of a fixed time horizon for the GWP concept does not cover our understanding that about 20 per cent of CO2 emitted to th ...
... on further reduction of methane rather than CO2 . This may have short-term value, but is not consistent with long-term climate-change stabilization strategies. Furthermore, the use of a fixed time horizon for the GWP concept does not cover our understanding that about 20 per cent of CO2 emitted to th ...
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE
... input. However, a challenge remains on how to carry out the model-data synthesis. Prof. Briffa commented that PAGES should learn some lessons from its first phase. For years it had called for collaboration to reconstruct paleo forcings for climate change study. The same statements were still repeate ...
... input. However, a challenge remains on how to carry out the model-data synthesis. Prof. Briffa commented that PAGES should learn some lessons from its first phase. For years it had called for collaboration to reconstruct paleo forcings for climate change study. The same statements were still repeate ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.