Climate Change is a Geographic Problem
... Whole earth systems science offers an opportunity to advance the science and understanding of climate change by providing a framework for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, integrated view of our planet. Aggregating complex physical, biological, and social data and models within a unified framework ...
... Whole earth systems science offers an opportunity to advance the science and understanding of climate change by providing a framework for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, integrated view of our planet. Aggregating complex physical, biological, and social data and models within a unified framework ...
off the charts: 2013 was australia`s hottest year
... record. No part of Australia was spared the heat. For all states and the Northern Territory, 2013 ranked within the four hottest years they had experienced. Australia’s record hot year is part of a global, longer-term trend. Over the past century, the Earth’s climate has warmed and continues to warm ...
... record. No part of Australia was spared the heat. For all states and the Northern Territory, 2013 ranked within the four hottest years they had experienced. Australia’s record hot year is part of a global, longer-term trend. Over the past century, the Earth’s climate has warmed and continues to warm ...
Climate, Weather and Plants
... Climates of various surfaces Climate modification Autumn break: No teaching Air pollution, climate change and the environmental impact ...
... Climates of various surfaces Climate modification Autumn break: No teaching Air pollution, climate change and the environmental impact ...
The distributional impact of climate change on rich and poor countries
... distributional consequences of climate change impacts. The early literature on greenhouse gases did not raise serious concerns about the distributional impact of climate change (Nordhaus, 1991; Tol, 1995; Fankhauser, 1995; Pearce et al., 1996). This early literature largely assumed that damages were ...
... distributional consequences of climate change impacts. The early literature on greenhouse gases did not raise serious concerns about the distributional impact of climate change (Nordhaus, 1991; Tol, 1995; Fankhauser, 1995; Pearce et al., 1996). This early literature largely assumed that damages were ...
Agriculture and food systems in sub
... policy support needed to successfully implement such adaptation on the scale that SSA requires in a 4◦ C+ world would probably be very substantial [16]. We stress that planning for and implementing successful adaptation strategies with local communities and households are key to maintaining options ...
... policy support needed to successfully implement such adaptation on the scale that SSA requires in a 4◦ C+ world would probably be very substantial [16]. We stress that planning for and implementing successful adaptation strategies with local communities and households are key to maintaining options ...
Climate impacts threatening Japan today and tomorrow
... increased for Japan. This type of change could translate into more unpredictable rainfall patterns, which would make planning for agriculture and water resource management more difficult. In some areas of Japan, significant decreasing trends in annual mean rainfall have been observed (Cruz et al., 2 ...
... increased for Japan. This type of change could translate into more unpredictable rainfall patterns, which would make planning for agriculture and water resource management more difficult. In some areas of Japan, significant decreasing trends in annual mean rainfall have been observed (Cruz et al., 2 ...
Relative importance between biogeochemical and
... implies that previous studies without considering NME-induced effect might have underestimated the intensity of total terrestrial feedback to the climate system. ...
... implies that previous studies without considering NME-induced effect might have underestimated the intensity of total terrestrial feedback to the climate system. ...
Mao et al., 2016. - Site BU
... exhibited higher LAI trends than those lacking explicit nitrogen cycles, reflecting in part a human influence from increased nitrogen deposition (Supplementary Fig. 7a,b). Consistent with the results of offline land surface models including carbon–nitrogen dynamics (for example, Fig. 4c in ref. 4), ...
... exhibited higher LAI trends than those lacking explicit nitrogen cycles, reflecting in part a human influence from increased nitrogen deposition (Supplementary Fig. 7a,b). Consistent with the results of offline land surface models including carbon–nitrogen dynamics (for example, Fig. 4c in ref. 4), ...
Partners with nature - How healthy ecosystems are helping the
... and extreme weather events are already being felt across the world, with the poorest people and vulnerable ecosystems hit hardest. The effects of climate change will almost certainly persist for centuries, and depending on the level of mitigation achieved, will be of increasing severity. Adaptation ...
... and extreme weather events are already being felt across the world, with the poorest people and vulnerable ecosystems hit hardest. The effects of climate change will almost certainly persist for centuries, and depending on the level of mitigation achieved, will be of increasing severity. Adaptation ...
Against the Grain: The United States and the Global Climate
... powerful state, whose immense capacity for action, and conviction about its own rectitude, makes it reluctant to submit to the constraints of international law and norms put in place to serve as a check on unfettered power.9 The tortuous history of the relationship between the US and the United Nati ...
... powerful state, whose immense capacity for action, and conviction about its own rectitude, makes it reluctant to submit to the constraints of international law and norms put in place to serve as a check on unfettered power.9 The tortuous history of the relationship between the US and the United Nati ...
Climate Change North | Signs of Change: Studying Tree Rings
... information from glacier ice, trees, lake bottoms and oral traditions. While scientists use glacier ice and muck from the bottom of lakes and oceans to determine that the climate was like thousands of years ago, trees can tell about the more recent past. Here in the north, close study of the growth ...
... information from glacier ice, trees, lake bottoms and oral traditions. While scientists use glacier ice and muck from the bottom of lakes and oceans to determine that the climate was like thousands of years ago, trees can tell about the more recent past. Here in the north, close study of the growth ...
Shaping National Climate Change Legislation in Uganda, May 2015
... to the environment and establishes responses to emergencies such as droughts and floods. Although it establishes responses to emergencies such as droughts and floods which are integral to adaptation, it does not articulate strategies that directly deal with climate change-water resources dynamics. T ...
... to the environment and establishes responses to emergencies such as droughts and floods. Although it establishes responses to emergencies such as droughts and floods which are integral to adaptation, it does not articulate strategies that directly deal with climate change-water resources dynamics. T ...
Climate change, phenological shifts, eco
... is embedded in the mechanistic approach and there is continuous exchange between the two. It is not realistic to aim for an understanding of all causal relationships underlying eco-evolutionary processes and to translate them into a set of equations. Hence, models will include correlations, which ma ...
... is embedded in the mechanistic approach and there is continuous exchange between the two. It is not realistic to aim for an understanding of all causal relationships underlying eco-evolutionary processes and to translate them into a set of equations. Hence, models will include correlations, which ma ...
CLIMATE CHANGE – SCOPING THE ISSUES
... knowledge and related biological diversity was also expressed at the annual meeting of the Interagency Support Group on Indigenous Issues (IASG) in Montreal in September 2007. The IASG highlighted the fact “that indigenous peoples are often among the world's most marginalized and impoverished people ...
... knowledge and related biological diversity was also expressed at the annual meeting of the Interagency Support Group on Indigenous Issues (IASG) in Montreal in September 2007. The IASG highlighted the fact “that indigenous peoples are often among the world's most marginalized and impoverished people ...
Intended National Determined Contribution (INDC)
... has experienced economic and social development within the context of climate change. Consequently, the pressure on natural resources has increased, affecting the resilience of forest ecosystems and ...
... has experienced economic and social development within the context of climate change. Consequently, the pressure on natural resources has increased, affecting the resilience of forest ecosystems and ...
StudyQuestions4
... 23. Where does most of the energy used in the U.S. come from? How does this affect the atmosphere? How does the per capita energy use in the U.S. compare to that in other countries? 24. What is ocean acidification? What is causing it? What are some of the consequences? 25. Besides climate change, wh ...
... 23. Where does most of the energy used in the U.S. come from? How does this affect the atmosphere? How does the per capita energy use in the U.S. compare to that in other countries? 24. What is ocean acidification? What is causing it? What are some of the consequences? 25. Besides climate change, wh ...
IV. Round Table 3: Land-based approach to climate change
... drought, particularly in terms of agricultural production and food security. Degraded soil is also more vulnerable to erosion and flooding as when higher volumes of water do come they cannot be absorbed. Droughts amplify tensions and competition among different water uses, particularly when governan ...
... drought, particularly in terms of agricultural production and food security. Degraded soil is also more vulnerable to erosion and flooding as when higher volumes of water do come they cannot be absorbed. Droughts amplify tensions and competition among different water uses, particularly when governan ...
Chapter 9 Major commercial risks
... Predominantly, a location’s natural-hazard exposure is classified on geographical coordinates using hazard maps and their electronic successor, the GIS – geographical information system. The advantage of hazard maps is that they are available from various sources such as reinsurers or local authorit ...
... Predominantly, a location’s natural-hazard exposure is classified on geographical coordinates using hazard maps and their electronic successor, the GIS – geographical information system. The advantage of hazard maps is that they are available from various sources such as reinsurers or local authorit ...
Climate change adaptation strategies for marine turtles - Eco
... have on marine turtles under future climate scenarios that are warmer, with stronger storms, rising sea levels and altered precipitation patterns. However, published anthropogenic threats to marine turtles, such as bycatch, boat strikes, direct harvest for eggs, meat and shell, pollution (both chemi ...
... have on marine turtles under future climate scenarios that are warmer, with stronger storms, rising sea levels and altered precipitation patterns. However, published anthropogenic threats to marine turtles, such as bycatch, boat strikes, direct harvest for eggs, meat and shell, pollution (both chemi ...
Impact of Climate Change on Wetland Functions
... Abstract. Recently, there is a growing interest in the wetland management for biodiversity and preservation of ecosystem. One of the problems of the wetland management is climate change due to the global warming, and many studies have shown that the climate change influence on wetlands. Therefore, i ...
... Abstract. Recently, there is a growing interest in the wetland management for biodiversity and preservation of ecosystem. One of the problems of the wetland management is climate change due to the global warming, and many studies have shown that the climate change influence on wetlands. Therefore, i ...
Stewardship: Energy, Climate and You
... The three terms are often used interchangeably, when in reality they are connected in the science and issues surrounding climate change. The enhanced greenhouse effect (caused by humans contributing high concentrations of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere) leads to the warming of the Earth – we are ...
... The three terms are often used interchangeably, when in reality they are connected in the science and issues surrounding climate change. The enhanced greenhouse effect (caused by humans contributing high concentrations of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere) leads to the warming of the Earth – we are ...
Climate change science and the climate change scare Contents
... is of wavelengths a little longer than red light, which human eyes cannot see. Some gases in the Earth’s atmosphere capture some of this outgoing IR. These are known as “greenhouse gases”. These gases keep the Earth’s surface about 33ºC higher than it would be without them. Higher life forms could n ...
... is of wavelengths a little longer than red light, which human eyes cannot see. Some gases in the Earth’s atmosphere capture some of this outgoing IR. These are known as “greenhouse gases”. These gases keep the Earth’s surface about 33ºC higher than it would be without them. Higher life forms could n ...
Climate change - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
... Greenhouse gases effectively absorb infrared radiation, emitted by the Earth’s surface, by the atmosphere itself due to the same gases, and by clouds. Atmospheric radiation is emitted to all sides, including downward to the Earth’s surface. Thus greenhouse gases trap heat within the surfacetroposphe ...
... Greenhouse gases effectively absorb infrared radiation, emitted by the Earth’s surface, by the atmosphere itself due to the same gases, and by clouds. Atmospheric radiation is emitted to all sides, including downward to the Earth’s surface. Thus greenhouse gases trap heat within the surfacetroposphe ...
Adaptive Capacity and Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability
... Calculation of priorities /weights as well as determination of consistency of judgements were done using the softwares, Super Decisions 2.0.8 and Expert Choice (trial version). ...
... Calculation of priorities /weights as well as determination of consistency of judgements were done using the softwares, Super Decisions 2.0.8 and Expert Choice (trial version). ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.