The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems
... ecosystems and the economic and social systems that depend upon them. The relationship between temperature and individual performance is reasonably well understood, and much climate-related research has focused on potential shifts in distribution and abundance driven directly by temperature. However ...
... ecosystems and the economic and social systems that depend upon them. The relationship between temperature and individual performance is reasonably well understood, and much climate-related research has focused on potential shifts in distribution and abundance driven directly by temperature. However ...
Preparing for Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region
... impacts. Following Buchsbaum’s introductory comments, three presentations provided the background for the workshop. Please see page 6 for the background papers. Don Scavia, professor in the University of Michigan’s School of Natural Resources and director of Michigan Sea Grant, addressed curren ...
... impacts. Following Buchsbaum’s introductory comments, three presentations provided the background for the workshop. Please see page 6 for the background papers. Don Scavia, professor in the University of Michigan’s School of Natural Resources and director of Michigan Sea Grant, addressed curren ...
Sahelian climate
... to the late 1980s, with partial recovery through 2003, although the rainfall deficit has not ended (Nicholson et al., 2000; Biasutti and Giannini, 2006; Dai et al., 2004). In addition, West Afica has been identified as a “hot spot” where the land-atmosphere coupling could play an important role, thr ...
... to the late 1980s, with partial recovery through 2003, although the rainfall deficit has not ended (Nicholson et al., 2000; Biasutti and Giannini, 2006; Dai et al., 2004). In addition, West Afica has been identified as a “hot spot” where the land-atmosphere coupling could play an important role, thr ...
NG-ACCESS
... comprises general statements based on scientific research. The reader is advised and needs to be aware that such information may be incomplete or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, ...
... comprises general statements based on scientific research. The reader is advised and needs to be aware that such information may be incomplete or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, ...
Scale-dependent regional climate predictability over North America
... There is widespread scientific consensus that the accumulation of greenhouse concentrations from fossil fuel burning and other human activities is leading to a warming of the globe and other associated changes in large-scale climate (IPCC, 2013). Most assessments indicate that the cost of the result ...
... There is widespread scientific consensus that the accumulation of greenhouse concentrations from fossil fuel burning and other human activities is leading to a warming of the globe and other associated changes in large-scale climate (IPCC, 2013). Most assessments indicate that the cost of the result ...
The Challenge of Climate Change Adaptation:
... damage to many parts of society, and thus a critical issue for adaptation is the degree to which frequency, intensity, and persistence of extreme events change.” 22 National governments are now beginning to consider how to adjust to these changes. Hopefully, mitigation efforts will limit the extent ...
... damage to many parts of society, and thus a critical issue for adaptation is the degree to which frequency, intensity, and persistence of extreme events change.” 22 National governments are now beginning to consider how to adjust to these changes. Hopefully, mitigation efforts will limit the extent ...
Agricultural technologies for climate change in developing
... In these places, profitable adaptation and farmer adoption of suitable varieties and crops could spark substantial yield gains. These productivity gains could confer a substantial mitigation benefit in the form of foregone land conversion or even reversion of some sensitive lands to grass or forests. ...
... In these places, profitable adaptation and farmer adoption of suitable varieties and crops could spark substantial yield gains. These productivity gains could confer a substantial mitigation benefit in the form of foregone land conversion or even reversion of some sensitive lands to grass or forests. ...
unburnable carbon: why we need to leave fossil fuels in the ground
... A 2°C rise in temperature has long been considered a threshold that should not be crossed given the potential for catastrophic consequences. For instance, the threshold to trigger the melting of the Greenland ice-sheet, which would eventually raise sea level by about 7 metres, inundating major citie ...
... A 2°C rise in temperature has long been considered a threshold that should not be crossed given the potential for catastrophic consequences. For instance, the threshold to trigger the melting of the Greenland ice-sheet, which would eventually raise sea level by about 7 metres, inundating major citie ...
A Vulnerable Country in the Face of Climate Change
... some analysis on the effects of climate change on the country’s future development. The World Bank (2009) report details Indonesia’s rising policy and priorities that will help the country mitigate climate change. The 2009 report, entitled “Mainstreaming Climate Change for Sustainability”, summariz ...
... some analysis on the effects of climate change on the country’s future development. The World Bank (2009) report details Indonesia’s rising policy and priorities that will help the country mitigate climate change. The 2009 report, entitled “Mainstreaming Climate Change for Sustainability”, summariz ...
Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in Indian Policy Planning
... India's economy is tied to crucial sectors such as agriculture, water resources, natural ecosystems and forestry, health, sanitation, infrastructure and energy. A 2004 study by National Communications (NATCOM) highlights these sectors as most vulnerable to the projected changes in surface temperatur ...
... India's economy is tied to crucial sectors such as agriculture, water resources, natural ecosystems and forestry, health, sanitation, infrastructure and energy. A 2004 study by National Communications (NATCOM) highlights these sectors as most vulnerable to the projected changes in surface temperatur ...
Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from major
... (GHG) emissions (IPCC 2007c). Climate change is a serious threat for all the countries. Concentration of (GHG’s) in the atmosphere has increased rapidly due to anthropogenic activities resulting in significant increase in the temperature of the earth. Increase in the concentration of these greenhous ...
... (GHG) emissions (IPCC 2007c). Climate change is a serious threat for all the countries. Concentration of (GHG’s) in the atmosphere has increased rapidly due to anthropogenic activities resulting in significant increase in the temperature of the earth. Increase in the concentration of these greenhous ...
Ch 18 Global Climate Change
... • Ice ages tie up water in glaciers, lowering sea levels • 8 glacial periods occurred over the past 800,000 years ...
... • Ice ages tie up water in glaciers, lowering sea levels • 8 glacial periods occurred over the past 800,000 years ...
18_Lecture_Presentation
... • Ice ages tie up water in glaciers, lowering sea levels • 8 glacial periods occurred over the past 800,000 years ...
... • Ice ages tie up water in glaciers, lowering sea levels • 8 glacial periods occurred over the past 800,000 years ...
The Assessment of the Forestry Carbon Sinks and the Effect... Global Climate Change
... alleviating the green house effect. Generally speaking, the forestry effects on absorbing carbon can be classified into three categories: Absorbing carbon directly by the forests; Absorbing carbon indirectly by timbers and other wood products; The mitigation caused by wood substitution. Therefore, w ...
... alleviating the green house effect. Generally speaking, the forestry effects on absorbing carbon can be classified into three categories: Absorbing carbon directly by the forests; Absorbing carbon indirectly by timbers and other wood products; The mitigation caused by wood substitution. Therefore, w ...
- MIT Press Journals
... PDF, which of necessity is largely subjective and relatively diffuse. As a recent Science commentary put it: “Once the world has warmed by 4°C, conditions will be so different from anything we can observe today (and still more different from the last ice age) that it is inherently hard to say where ...
... PDF, which of necessity is largely subjective and relatively diffuse. As a recent Science commentary put it: “Once the world has warmed by 4°C, conditions will be so different from anything we can observe today (and still more different from the last ice age) that it is inherently hard to say where ...
The Land that Never Melts is Melting Satoaleapai Village
... bridge over the Weasel River in Auyuittuq National Park was washed away due to a flash flood caused by the high temperatures, rain and lots of snow. The conditions were so bad that tourists had to be rescued from the park by helicopter. Melting glaciers will mean higher sea levels in all parts of the ...
... bridge over the Weasel River in Auyuittuq National Park was washed away due to a flash flood caused by the high temperatures, rain and lots of snow. The conditions were so bad that tourists had to be rescued from the park by helicopter. Melting glaciers will mean higher sea levels in all parts of the ...
the american council on science and health presents
... ple who died worldwide in 1996, about 30 million died adverse health effects of future climate change. prematurely. About half the premature deaths were due to Infectious diseases have always been a major cause of preventable infectious diseases, such as malaria and many premature death for humans. ...
... ple who died worldwide in 1996, about 30 million died adverse health effects of future climate change. prematurely. About half the premature deaths were due to Infectious diseases have always been a major cause of preventable infectious diseases, such as malaria and many premature death for humans. ...
Recasting Economics As If the Climate and Global Ecology Really
... In previous times the human trading system was largely a carbon transfer system (food, timber, fabric plus non-carbon or embodied carbon goods such as metals, gems etc.). People spent the vast majority of their income (or equivalent) on accessing these carbon forms either directly or indirectly. Lif ...
... In previous times the human trading system was largely a carbon transfer system (food, timber, fabric plus non-carbon or embodied carbon goods such as metals, gems etc.). People spent the vast majority of their income (or equivalent) on accessing these carbon forms either directly or indirectly. Lif ...
Coastal Climate Change Report
... minimum assessment factors depend on life of asset Methodologies – use SLR benchmarks Similar to NZ MfE Coastal Hazards and Climate Change Guidance Manual (not as broad in scope) ...
... minimum assessment factors depend on life of asset Methodologies – use SLR benchmarks Similar to NZ MfE Coastal Hazards and Climate Change Guidance Manual (not as broad in scope) ...
Climate change implications in the northern coastal temperate
... Although species diversity is low relative to other rainforests globally, ecosystem productivity is extraordinarily high (Alaback 1996). For example, the total carbon stock in the forest and soils of the Tongass National Forest in southeast Alaska is 8 % of that in the conterminous United States (Le ...
... Although species diversity is low relative to other rainforests globally, ecosystem productivity is extraordinarily high (Alaback 1996). For example, the total carbon stock in the forest and soils of the Tongass National Forest in southeast Alaska is 8 % of that in the conterminous United States (Le ...
How far are biodiversity loss and climate change similar as policy
... are therefore of direct importance to some of the world’s largest corporations, with highly developed technical and financial planning and executive capacity. On the other hand, the impact of biodiversity loss on industrial sectors is less immediately significant and more diffuse. There are numerous ...
... are therefore of direct importance to some of the world’s largest corporations, with highly developed technical and financial planning and executive capacity. On the other hand, the impact of biodiversity loss on industrial sectors is less immediately significant and more diffuse. There are numerous ...
Climate, Weather and Plants
... Climates of various surfaces Climate modification Autumn break: No teaching Air pollution, climate change and the environmental impact ...
... Climates of various surfaces Climate modification Autumn break: No teaching Air pollution, climate change and the environmental impact ...
Impact of Climate Change on Irrigation Demand and Crop Growth in a Mediterranean Environment of Turkey
... validation in different environments. Climate (solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall), soil (soil water retention and hydraulic functions) and crop management data (e.g., crop calendar, some growth parameters, and irrigation) were obtained for ...
... validation in different environments. Climate (solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall), soil (soil water retention and hydraulic functions) and crop management data (e.g., crop calendar, some growth parameters, and irrigation) were obtained for ...
Climate Change is a Geographic Problem
... Whole earth systems science offers an opportunity to advance the science and understanding of climate change by providing a framework for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, integrated view of our planet. Aggregating complex physical, biological, and social data and models within a unified framework ...
... Whole earth systems science offers an opportunity to advance the science and understanding of climate change by providing a framework for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, integrated view of our planet. Aggregating complex physical, biological, and social data and models within a unified framework ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.