Climate Change and Health in Scotland
... and predicts an increase in global average temperature of two to three degrees above preindustrial levels after 2090 for medium risk scenarios. Higher emission scenarios predict temperature increases of up to 6 degrees. There is a broad consensus among climate scientists that climate change is cause ...
... and predicts an increase in global average temperature of two to three degrees above preindustrial levels after 2090 for medium risk scenarios. Higher emission scenarios predict temperature increases of up to 6 degrees. There is a broad consensus among climate scientists that climate change is cause ...
Impact of bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) disturbance on timber
... 2005) where disturbance agents were explicitly included in dynamic forest ecosystem models. Discussions on a likely climate change increase the need to address climate dependencies of disturbance agents explicitly in decision support tools and models (Ayres and Lombardero, 2000; Peterson, 2000; Voln ...
... 2005) where disturbance agents were explicitly included in dynamic forest ecosystem models. Discussions on a likely climate change increase the need to address climate dependencies of disturbance agents explicitly in decision support tools and models (Ayres and Lombardero, 2000; Peterson, 2000; Voln ...
Integrating biophysical models and evolutionary theory to
... 4. While we predict that climate change will directly increase habitat suitability throughout much of Australia, the potential indirect impact of changed water storage practices by humans in response to drought may have a greater effect. 5. In northern Australia, we show that evolutionary changes in ...
... 4. While we predict that climate change will directly increase habitat suitability throughout much of Australia, the potential indirect impact of changed water storage practices by humans in response to drought may have a greater effect. 5. In northern Australia, we show that evolutionary changes in ...
Integrating biophysical models and evolutionary theory
... 4. While we predict that climate change will directly increase habitat suitability throughout much of Australia, the potential indirect impact of changed water storage practices by humans in response to drought may have a greater effect. 5. In northern Australia, we show that evolutionary changes in ...
... 4. While we predict that climate change will directly increase habitat suitability throughout much of Australia, the potential indirect impact of changed water storage practices by humans in response to drought may have a greater effect. 5. In northern Australia, we show that evolutionary changes in ...
Mr. M. Asaduzzaman, Chair, CGE
... the various national governments and entities that sent their trainees for the workshop. I can assure them 5 day of exciting experience. I owe gratitude to the trainers and experts for their technical and intellectual help. I thank the UNFCCC secretariat which is really cog and wheel behind the orga ...
... the various national governments and entities that sent their trainees for the workshop. I can assure them 5 day of exciting experience. I owe gratitude to the trainers and experts for their technical and intellectual help. I thank the UNFCCC secretariat which is really cog and wheel behind the orga ...
Climate vulnerability of socio-economic systems
... Forests, woodlands and coastal wetlands of Africa serve important ecological functions and provide goods and services that contribute significantly to livelihoods at local, national and global levels. These ecosystems however are vulnerable to climate change impacts that affect their capacity to del ...
... Forests, woodlands and coastal wetlands of Africa serve important ecological functions and provide goods and services that contribute significantly to livelihoods at local, national and global levels. These ecosystems however are vulnerable to climate change impacts that affect their capacity to del ...
ECOLOGY, POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
... atmosphere to go up? • There are many possible mechanisms that can cause the warming of the atmosphere, for example: – Natural variation – the climate becomes warmer by internal chaotic dynamics of the earth-atmosphere system (that is, no external influence). – Solar activity – either direct increas ...
... atmosphere to go up? • There are many possible mechanisms that can cause the warming of the atmosphere, for example: – Natural variation – the climate becomes warmer by internal chaotic dynamics of the earth-atmosphere system (that is, no external influence). – Solar activity – either direct increas ...
Temperature Change in New England: 1895-2012
... strong correlation between temperature rise and increasing carbon dioxide levels. Carbon dioxide levels are currently the highest they have been in at least 800,000 years (Luthi, et al., 2008). According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) human emissions of greenhouse gases have ...
... strong correlation between temperature rise and increasing carbon dioxide levels. Carbon dioxide levels are currently the highest they have been in at least 800,000 years (Luthi, et al., 2008). According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) human emissions of greenhouse gases have ...
wetlands, biodiversity and climate change
... preventing dangerous changes to the climate system within a time frame that would not allow ecosystems to adapt naturally. The FCCC also commits nations to promoting sustainable management and conservation of forests and other terrestrial ecosystems. If ratified by the Parties, the Kyoto Protocol co ...
... preventing dangerous changes to the climate system within a time frame that would not allow ecosystems to adapt naturally. The FCCC also commits nations to promoting sustainable management and conservation of forests and other terrestrial ecosystems. If ratified by the Parties, the Kyoto Protocol co ...
Explaining Public Support for Climate Change Mitigation Policies
... the carbon tax was finally abolished in July 2014. A similar trend was also found in the US where consumers opposed energy taxes (Leiserowitz 2006). Nevertheless, the public‟s engagement in climate change mitigation is important as they contribute to two of the largest sources of carbon emission eit ...
... the carbon tax was finally abolished in July 2014. A similar trend was also found in the US where consumers opposed energy taxes (Leiserowitz 2006). Nevertheless, the public‟s engagement in climate change mitigation is important as they contribute to two of the largest sources of carbon emission eit ...
Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering
... was established in 1992. Signed by 194 countries and ratified by 189, including the United States, it came into force in 1994. It says in part, ‘‘The ultimate objective of this Convention . . . is to achieve . . . stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would ...
... was established in 1992. Signed by 194 countries and ratified by 189, including the United States, it came into force in 1994. It says in part, ‘‘The ultimate objective of this Convention . . . is to achieve . . . stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would ...
EPA`s Proposed New Source Performance Standard
... indicates that it is very likely that human activity is the cause of most of the global warming that has occurred since the mid-20th century.4 The human activity that has caused this warming is activity that results in greenhouse gases being emitted. 5 As a general principle, when the sun’s energy i ...
... indicates that it is very likely that human activity is the cause of most of the global warming that has occurred since the mid-20th century.4 The human activity that has caused this warming is activity that results in greenhouse gases being emitted. 5 As a general principle, when the sun’s energy i ...
T - Climate Investment Funds
... to years and decades. Climate is important because it controls many things even without one’s realizing it. This is especially true for Jamaica, where life in part revolves around whether it is wet or dry or whether it is hot or cool. There is an intimate and undeniable link between day-to-day life ...
... to years and decades. Climate is important because it controls many things even without one’s realizing it. This is especially true for Jamaica, where life in part revolves around whether it is wet or dry or whether it is hot or cool. There is an intimate and undeniable link between day-to-day life ...
Chapter 2: International Legal Approaches: Treaties and Non
... which are also referred to as treaties. The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties defines a treaty as “an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever ...
... which are also referred to as treaties. The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties defines a treaty as “an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever ...
Climatic Change --Manuscript Draft--
... (present day and future), together with emission factors for carbonaceous species (Andreae and Merlet, 2001). The transport and lifetime of PM2.5 is calculated online in GEOS-Chem using GEOS-5 meteorology. Output from GEOS-Chem consisted of 24-hour averages of PM2.5 during the fire season (May-Octob ...
... (present day and future), together with emission factors for carbonaceous species (Andreae and Merlet, 2001). The transport and lifetime of PM2.5 is calculated online in GEOS-Chem using GEOS-5 meteorology. Output from GEOS-Chem consisted of 24-hour averages of PM2.5 during the fire season (May-Octob ...
An Examination of Carbon Sequestration via Global Reforestation
... Deforestation has resulted in a dramatic change to Earth’s landscape, climate, and ecosystems. To date, 46% of all forests have been cut since the onset of agriculture about 12,000 years ago (Crowther et al., 2015). During that same time, greenhouse gas concentrations have grown by 51.8% (Crowther e ...
... Deforestation has resulted in a dramatic change to Earth’s landscape, climate, and ecosystems. To date, 46% of all forests have been cut since the onset of agriculture about 12,000 years ago (Crowther et al., 2015). During that same time, greenhouse gas concentrations have grown by 51.8% (Crowther e ...
Climate change presents increased potential for
... model the probability of VLF week within each ecoregion at the voxel (defined here as a gridded value in a 3-dimensional space; i.e. time space) scale (,60 km) using potential predictor variables. Interactive and non-linear terms were not included in the GLM. Predictor variables that did not exhib ...
... model the probability of VLF week within each ecoregion at the voxel (defined here as a gridded value in a 3-dimensional space; i.e. time space) scale (,60 km) using potential predictor variables. Interactive and non-linear terms were not included in the GLM. Predictor variables that did not exhib ...
Warm Words II
... actions, events and people. Repertoires are not fixed entities, but do represent discernible patterns among the cacophony of voices in the wider discourse. More importantly for the public, and indeed for all of us, they provide sense-making devices: ways of talking and ways of thinking that can be d ...
... actions, events and people. Repertoires are not fixed entities, but do represent discernible patterns among the cacophony of voices in the wider discourse. More importantly for the public, and indeed for all of us, they provide sense-making devices: ways of talking and ways of thinking that can be d ...
INFORMATION DOCUMENT
... the IPCC, the UNFCCC Conference of Parties and its Subsidiary Body on Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA). The major part of the scientific and technical contributions used in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Working Group I Report was provided by WCRP affiliated scientists. Through the Program fo ...
... the IPCC, the UNFCCC Conference of Parties and its Subsidiary Body on Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA). The major part of the scientific and technical contributions used in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Working Group I Report was provided by WCRP affiliated scientists. Through the Program fo ...
Global Change and Air Quality, In: Technical challenges of multipollutant air quality management,
... standards, though they could affect visibility standards under the Regional Haze Rule (Park et al. 2006). In addition to ozone and PM, recent air quality policy has focused on a large number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that can be harmful to human health. The U.S. EPA lists 187 HAPs with atmo ...
... standards, though they could affect visibility standards under the Regional Haze Rule (Park et al. 2006). In addition to ozone and PM, recent air quality policy has focused on a large number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that can be harmful to human health. The U.S. EPA lists 187 HAPs with atmo ...
A blind expert test of contrarian claims about climate data
... representative of contrarian discourse: nearly two-thirds of all mentions of temperature on the three top contrarian blogs included a claim of ‘‘cooling’’; and likewise more than a quarter of all mentions of arctic ice alluded to its ‘‘recovery’’, and so on. Those numbers represent a lower bound on ...
... representative of contrarian discourse: nearly two-thirds of all mentions of temperature on the three top contrarian blogs included a claim of ‘‘cooling’’; and likewise more than a quarter of all mentions of arctic ice alluded to its ‘‘recovery’’, and so on. Those numbers represent a lower bound on ...
Scottish Government Consultation Response
... 2014/15 reporting year, and practical support is available from SSN. They highlighted the need for flexibility and proportionality in the reporting requirements to take The data and narrative information collected from the submitted reports will account of this diversity. This issue informed some be ...
... 2014/15 reporting year, and practical support is available from SSN. They highlighted the need for flexibility and proportionality in the reporting requirements to take The data and narrative information collected from the submitted reports will account of this diversity. This issue informed some be ...
Can Dr. Evil Save The World?
... business: What if all the conventional thinking about how to deal with global warming was wrong? What if you could do an end run around carbon-trading schemes and international treaties and political gridlock and actually solve the problem? And what if the cost to get started was not trillions of do ...
... business: What if all the conventional thinking about how to deal with global warming was wrong? What if you could do an end run around carbon-trading schemes and international treaties and political gridlock and actually solve the problem? And what if the cost to get started was not trillions of do ...
Impacts of climate change on the worldTs most exceptional ecoregions
... range of 89 ecoregions will experience extreme monthly temperatures with a local warming of <2 °C. Tropical and subtropical ecoregions, and mangroves, face extreme conditions earliest, some with <1 °C warming. In contrast, few ecoregions within Boreal Forests and Tundra biomes will experience such e ...
... range of 89 ecoregions will experience extreme monthly temperatures with a local warming of <2 °C. Tropical and subtropical ecoregions, and mangroves, face extreme conditions earliest, some with <1 °C warming. In contrast, few ecoregions within Boreal Forests and Tundra biomes will experience such e ...
Climate change is simple: We do something or we`re
... said Professor Tony McMichael, from the Australian National University, in an accompanying paper published in the journal. “But climate change will not stop in 2100 and, under realistic scenarios out to 2300, we may be faced with temperature increases of 12 degrees or even more.” Again, it’s not par ...
... said Professor Tony McMichael, from the Australian National University, in an accompanying paper published in the journal. “But climate change will not stop in 2100 and, under realistic scenarios out to 2300, we may be faced with temperature increases of 12 degrees or even more.” Again, it’s not par ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.