An Assessment of the Foundational Assumptions in High-Resolution Climate Projections: The Case of UKCP09
... The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the methodology used by UKCP09 and then urge some caution. While this methodology is the only complex modelerror-exploring methodology currently deployed to inform decisions with probability projections, UKCP09 is not an isolated phenomenon. In the UK ...
... The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the methodology used by UKCP09 and then urge some caution. While this methodology is the only complex modelerror-exploring methodology currently deployed to inform decisions with probability projections, UKCP09 is not an isolated phenomenon. In the UK ...
Animal Agriculture and Climate Change
... Assessment Report (AR4)that a majority of the increase in temperature over the second half of the 20th century is likely due to human activities.16,17 In fact, the IPCC* found with ―high confidence‖ that human-induced warming has already impacted ―many physical and biological systems.‖18 The panel w ...
... Assessment Report (AR4)that a majority of the increase in temperature over the second half of the 20th century is likely due to human activities.16,17 In fact, the IPCC* found with ―high confidence‖ that human-induced warming has already impacted ―many physical and biological systems.‖18 The panel w ...
Report on Fifth Assessment Report 6
... 1. INTRODUCTION TO IPCC and AR5 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading body for the assessment of climate change, established by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its main activity is to prepare comprehensiv ...
... 1. INTRODUCTION TO IPCC and AR5 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading body for the assessment of climate change, established by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its main activity is to prepare comprehensiv ...
The Impact of Animal Agriculture on Global Warming and Climate
... Assessment Report (AR4)that a majority of the increase in temperature over the second half of the 20th century is likely due to human activities.16,17 In fact, the IPCC* found with ―high confidence‖ that human-induced warming has already impacted ―many physical and biological systems.‖18 The panel w ...
... Assessment Report (AR4)that a majority of the increase in temperature over the second half of the 20th century is likely due to human activities.16,17 In fact, the IPCC* found with ―high confidence‖ that human-induced warming has already impacted ―many physical and biological systems.‖18 The panel w ...
The Economics of Climate Change – Likely Carbon Sequestration
... “As climate change thaws Arctic permafrost and releases large amounts of methane into the atmosphere, it is creating a feedback loop that is "certain to trigger additional warming," according to the lead scientist of a new study investigating Arctic methane emissions.” (May 2014) http://www.climatec ...
... “As climate change thaws Arctic permafrost and releases large amounts of methane into the atmosphere, it is creating a feedback loop that is "certain to trigger additional warming," according to the lead scientist of a new study investigating Arctic methane emissions.” (May 2014) http://www.climatec ...
An HSI Report: The Impact of Animal Agriculture on Global Warming
... Assessment Report (AR4) that a majority of the increase in temperature over the second half of the 20th century is likely due to human activities.17,18 In fact, the IPCC* found with “high confidence” that human-induced warming has already impacted “many physical and biological systems.”19 The panel ...
... Assessment Report (AR4) that a majority of the increase in temperature over the second half of the 20th century is likely due to human activities.17,18 In fact, the IPCC* found with “high confidence” that human-induced warming has already impacted “many physical and biological systems.”19 The panel ...
Smallholder Farmers` Perception of Climate Change and Variability
... over some decades without given it much attention but now they have already had obvious impacts on economies, biodiversity, people and health. The highly variable rainfall (intensity, distribution, and amount), increasing temperature, frequent floods and droughts as are currently being experienced i ...
... over some decades without given it much attention but now they have already had obvious impacts on economies, biodiversity, people and health. The highly variable rainfall (intensity, distribution, and amount), increasing temperature, frequent floods and droughts as are currently being experienced i ...
Goal 5: Continue to build Melbourne`s climate change adaptation
... these impacts over recent years; including drought, flooding and extreme heat events. Experts warn that these events are not only going to become more intense but they are also going to occur more often, regardless of strong action on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change adaptation is t ...
... these impacts over recent years; including drought, flooding and extreme heat events. Experts warn that these events are not only going to become more intense but they are also going to occur more often, regardless of strong action on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change adaptation is t ...
A Climate Risk Management Approach to Disaster Reduction
... to manage the local manifestations of global climate risk, through to global measures to reduce hazard (for example, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions) and to reduce vulnerability (by increasing the social and economic resilience of vulnerable countries such as SIDS, for example). Integrated clim ...
... to manage the local manifestations of global climate risk, through to global measures to reduce hazard (for example, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions) and to reduce vulnerability (by increasing the social and economic resilience of vulnerable countries such as SIDS, for example). Integrated clim ...
Frontline Communities lead the Climate JustiCe Fight Beyond the
... The Agreement relies on voluntary versus mandatory emission cuts that do not meet targets scientists say are necessary to avoid climate catastrophe. The Paris Agreement is not based on what is scientifically necessary to address the climate crisis. The accord contains no binding mandatory emissions ...
... The Agreement relies on voluntary versus mandatory emission cuts that do not meet targets scientists say are necessary to avoid climate catastrophe. The Paris Agreement is not based on what is scientifically necessary to address the climate crisis. The accord contains no binding mandatory emissions ...
StudentS take on climate StorieS
... The fuel cell will compete with many other energy conversion devices, including gas turbines in power plants, the petrol engine in your car and the battery in your laptop. Combustion engines like the turbine and the petrol engine burn fuels and use the pressure created by the expansion of the gases ...
... The fuel cell will compete with many other energy conversion devices, including gas turbines in power plants, the petrol engine in your car and the battery in your laptop. Combustion engines like the turbine and the petrol engine burn fuels and use the pressure created by the expansion of the gases ...
anthropology and climate change - North Atlantic Biocultural
... frames that inform our queries? What insights can we gain and use from the work being done where communities are the hardest hit—where climate change is already having profound effects, for example in the Arctic, Africa, South Pacific islands, and other low-lying lands? What are the challenges faced ...
... frames that inform our queries? What insights can we gain and use from the work being done where communities are the hardest hit—where climate change is already having profound effects, for example in the Arctic, Africa, South Pacific islands, and other low-lying lands? What are the challenges faced ...
New Zealand`s Journey toward a Low-Emission Future
... growth by increasing public and private investment in mitigation and capitalising on emerging markets in low-emission products and services? How might we engage with producers, consumers and shareholders to drive lasting behaviour change? How might we shift from incremental thinking to transformatio ...
... growth by increasing public and private investment in mitigation and capitalising on emerging markets in low-emission products and services? How might we engage with producers, consumers and shareholders to drive lasting behaviour change? How might we shift from incremental thinking to transformatio ...
Progress in Physical Geography
... change (Houghton et al., 1990; Watson et al., 2001). Climate change has become one of the major public concerns (Soon and Baliunas, 2003) and, with this, there is the potential redistribution of surface water resources on the earth (Waggoner, 1990). Since 1900, temperatures in the western USA have r ...
... change (Houghton et al., 1990; Watson et al., 2001). Climate change has become one of the major public concerns (Soon and Baliunas, 2003) and, with this, there is the potential redistribution of surface water resources on the earth (Waggoner, 1990). Since 1900, temperatures in the western USA have r ...
climate change - the National Sea Grant Library
... climate, modified somewhat in coastal areas by two of the largest lakes in the world. Averaging about 1,000 feet above sea level and halfway between the equator and the North Pole, our state historically has had cold, snowy winters and warm summer days with cool summer nights. In northern parts of t ...
... climate, modified somewhat in coastal areas by two of the largest lakes in the world. Averaging about 1,000 feet above sea level and halfway between the equator and the North Pole, our state historically has had cold, snowy winters and warm summer days with cool summer nights. In northern parts of t ...
Climate in the 21st century - four scenarios for
... Climate models differ considerably in their calculation of global temperature rise. This is caused by uncertainty regarding future emissions of greenhouse gasses and aerosols, which, in turn, depend on such factors as future population growth, and economic, social and technological developments. Bes ...
... Climate models differ considerably in their calculation of global temperature rise. This is caused by uncertainty regarding future emissions of greenhouse gasses and aerosols, which, in turn, depend on such factors as future population growth, and economic, social and technological developments. Bes ...
Inadequacies and criticisms of the Intergovernmental Panel on
... The second example is the global average temperature (GAT) statistic that the IPCC accepts as its preferred record of temperature change since 1860. This statistic is provided by the U.K. Hadley Centre’s Climate Research Unit (CRU), the version in IPCC (2001) being a slightly updated version of Jone ...
... The second example is the global average temperature (GAT) statistic that the IPCC accepts as its preferred record of temperature change since 1860. This statistic is provided by the U.K. Hadley Centre’s Climate Research Unit (CRU), the version in IPCC (2001) being a slightly updated version of Jone ...
... 1993). Details of the regional model configuration used to perform the continuous 20-year simulation are found in Cabré et al. (2014). It includes the Grell convective scheme (Grell et al., 1993), and the planetary boundary layer parameterization is formulated following the MRF scheme by Hong and Pa ...
Working Paper 171 - Steeves and Surminski 2014 (opens in new window)
... of interest, exploring climate adaptation as a risk and opportunity for companies. This approach looks at the ‘business case’ for adaptation (see IEMA 2013). The benefits for the private sector are framed in two broad categories, closely following the IPCC definition of adaptation: mitigating risk a ...
... of interest, exploring climate adaptation as a risk and opportunity for companies. This approach looks at the ‘business case’ for adaptation (see IEMA 2013). The benefits for the private sector are framed in two broad categories, closely following the IPCC definition of adaptation: mitigating risk a ...
the Measurement Problem Advances Pol. Psych. (forthcoming) PRELIMINARY DRAFT
... a collective-knowledge-acquisition one, and a cultural-identity-protective one. Misapprehension of how these two forms of engaging information interact—variously reinforcing one another and canceling each other out—is indeed the source of myriad difficulties in both the study and practice of science ...
... a collective-knowledge-acquisition one, and a cultural-identity-protective one. Misapprehension of how these two forms of engaging information interact—variously reinforcing one another and canceling each other out—is indeed the source of myriad difficulties in both the study and practice of science ...
- UNM Digital Repository
... in northern winter/southern summer. Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns reflect this asymmetry, which will be intensified by CO2 -induced warming, particularly in the case of an ice-free Arctic. Some evidence exists to indicate that the West Antarctic ice sheet is unstable, and that relativ ...
... in northern winter/southern summer. Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns reflect this asymmetry, which will be intensified by CO2 -induced warming, particularly in the case of an ice-free Arctic. Some evidence exists to indicate that the West Antarctic ice sheet is unstable, and that relativ ...
Can terrestrial ectotherms escape the heat of climate change by
... and diurnal temperature ranges. We omit the potentially important fitness impacts of weather extremes and variability. We assume that diurnal temperature range will retain its seasonal and geographical patterns into the twenty-first century. We thus model future temperatures by adding anomalies proj ...
... and diurnal temperature ranges. We omit the potentially important fitness impacts of weather extremes and variability. We assume that diurnal temperature range will retain its seasonal and geographical patterns into the twenty-first century. We thus model future temperatures by adding anomalies proj ...
Mainstreaming Climate Change in CAADP processes in
... paper will therefore explore some of the recent developments and debates taking place in Malawi in as far as climate change policy in agriculture is concerned and how climate change issues are finding their way into agricultural policy process, especially the ASWAp. Since the late 70’s and the early ...
... paper will therefore explore some of the recent developments and debates taking place in Malawi in as far as climate change policy in agriculture is concerned and how climate change issues are finding their way into agricultural policy process, especially the ASWAp. Since the late 70’s and the early ...
Seminar paper
... deliver the stabilisation targets commonly discussed in the policy arena were identified. In the present paper, we take stock of our previous work and, within the set of all possible climate coalitions, we focus on those that have the potential to meet an ambitious enough global mitigation target. Th ...
... deliver the stabilisation targets commonly discussed in the policy arena were identified. In the present paper, we take stock of our previous work and, within the set of all possible climate coalitions, we focus on those that have the potential to meet an ambitious enough global mitigation target. Th ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.