Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future
... a warmer and drier landscape matrix (e.g., in mires, mountain streams, ravines, gorges, or highelevation screes and grasslands). Our review considers two major types of relict populations: those that originated from range shifts during the present interglacial period (hereafter called Holocene relic ...
... a warmer and drier landscape matrix (e.g., in mires, mountain streams, ravines, gorges, or highelevation screes and grasslands). Our review considers two major types of relict populations: those that originated from range shifts during the present interglacial period (hereafter called Holocene relic ...
the Report - ULI Europe
... • Exploring issues of urbanisation, conservation, regeneration, land use, capital formation, and sustainable development; • Advancing land use policies and design practices that respect the uniqueness of both the built and natural environment; • Sharing knowledge through education, applied resea ...
... • Exploring issues of urbanisation, conservation, regeneration, land use, capital formation, and sustainable development; • Advancing land use policies and design practices that respect the uniqueness of both the built and natural environment; • Sharing knowledge through education, applied resea ...
Eurasian Arctic greening reveals teleconnections and the potential
... landslide activity, potentially favouring the expansion of willows18 . Regardless of whether climate change eventually results in a spatial expansion of tall shrub thickets, as has been observed at lower latitudes in our study region26 and over a range of locations in other regions within the Low Ar ...
... landslide activity, potentially favouring the expansion of willows18 . Regardless of whether climate change eventually results in a spatial expansion of tall shrub thickets, as has been observed at lower latitudes in our study region26 and over a range of locations in other regions within the Low Ar ...
Climate Change and Security in Africa
... intractable. However, it is non-climate factors (such as poverty, governance, conflict management, regional diplomacy and so on) that will largely determine whether and how climate change moves from being a development challenge to presenting a security threat. Adaptation policies and programs, if i ...
... intractable. However, it is non-climate factors (such as poverty, governance, conflict management, regional diplomacy and so on) that will largely determine whether and how climate change moves from being a development challenge to presenting a security threat. Adaptation policies and programs, if i ...
Combating Climate Change - The German Adaptation Strategy
... the risks from which they are designed to protect us. Furthermore, they should not be developed in isolation, but should wherever possible pursue other meaningful objectives at the same time. After all, “one man’s meat is another man’s poison”. For this reason, all measures must constantly bear in m ...
... the risks from which they are designed to protect us. Furthermore, they should not be developed in isolation, but should wherever possible pursue other meaningful objectives at the same time. After all, “one man’s meat is another man’s poison”. For this reason, all measures must constantly bear in m ...
i SMALL HOLDER FARMERS` PERCEPTION ON CLIMATE
... Figure 1.1 Mount Kilimanjaro as it Observed in 1984………………...........……..….3 Figure 1.2 Mount Kilimanjaro as it Observed in 2007………………………......……3 Figure 2.1 Household Income Source…………………………………………..........11 Figure 2.2 Mean Annual Temperature ......…………………………………………..15 Figure 2.3 Rainfall Variation ...
... Figure 1.1 Mount Kilimanjaro as it Observed in 1984………………...........……..….3 Figure 1.2 Mount Kilimanjaro as it Observed in 2007………………………......……3 Figure 2.1 Household Income Source…………………………………………..........11 Figure 2.2 Mean Annual Temperature ......…………………………………………..15 Figure 2.3 Rainfall Variation ...
Climate change in the UKOTs an overview of the science
... • Sea levels increased between 10 cm and 20 cm and the temperature and acidity of oceans changed. • The 1990s were the hottest decade on record and 1998 the hottest year on record since temperature recording began some 150 years ago. Climate change is happening at a much faster rate than originally ...
... • Sea levels increased between 10 cm and 20 cm and the temperature and acidity of oceans changed. • The 1990s were the hottest decade on record and 1998 the hottest year on record since temperature recording began some 150 years ago. Climate change is happening at a much faster rate than originally ...
Four Case Studies in the United States
... more frequent and larger low-oxygen “dead zone” events that damage fisheries and diminish tourist appeal. These authors are leading thinkers and practitioners in their respective fields and provide authoritative views on what must be done to adapt to climate change and diminish the threats to our en ...
... more frequent and larger low-oxygen “dead zone” events that damage fisheries and diminish tourist appeal. These authors are leading thinkers and practitioners in their respective fields and provide authoritative views on what must be done to adapt to climate change and diminish the threats to our en ...
The coordination of climate finance in India
... not convened a meeting in more than three years (Pai 2014). Therefore, in the last few years, its role as the main coordinating entity overseeing all climate policy in India remains unclear. In a significant move, however, the new government has reconstituted the PM’s Council on Climate Change in a ...
... not convened a meeting in more than three years (Pai 2014). Therefore, in the last few years, its role as the main coordinating entity overseeing all climate policy in India remains unclear. In a significant move, however, the new government has reconstituted the PM’s Council on Climate Change in a ...
McREDD: How McKinsey `cost-curves` are distorting - REDD
... of slightly more than US $2 per tCO2e abated. It goes on to say that: “The alternative [to SFM] – stopping logging altogether – would have the same effect on emission reduction, but has a much higher opportunity cost”.38 No reference or justification is given to support this claim, and it goes again ...
... of slightly more than US $2 per tCO2e abated. It goes on to say that: “The alternative [to SFM] – stopping logging altogether – would have the same effect on emission reduction, but has a much higher opportunity cost”.38 No reference or justification is given to support this claim, and it goes again ...
1 - WMO
... The Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have recognized the importance of high quality well spaced data for climate-related purposes and have noted that, in many instances, either the geographic coverage, quantity or quality of the data produced by current g ...
... The Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have recognized the importance of high quality well spaced data for climate-related purposes and have noted that, in many instances, either the geographic coverage, quantity or quality of the data produced by current g ...
Simple indices of global climate variability and change: Part I
... Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA ...
... Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA ...
6. EU Innovative activities – Project GENESIS
... • potential risk mitigation measures reviewed and analyzed from a scientific point of view but also regarding their implementation in practice. • quantitative evaluation on mitigation strategies in the reduction of groundwater impacts. • improvement of risk mitigation measures currently used in orde ...
... • potential risk mitigation measures reviewed and analyzed from a scientific point of view but also regarding their implementation in practice. • quantitative evaluation on mitigation strategies in the reduction of groundwater impacts. • improvement of risk mitigation measures currently used in orde ...
Peatland Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
... Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. It is essential for sustaining the natural living systems or ecosystems that provide us with food, fuel, health, wealth, and other vital services. People are part of this biodiversity too and have the power to protect or destroy it. In the past and toda ...
... Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. It is essential for sustaining the natural living systems or ecosystems that provide us with food, fuel, health, wealth, and other vital services. People are part of this biodiversity too and have the power to protect or destroy it. In the past and toda ...
Author`s personal copy - Climate Adaptation Knowledge Exchange
... 4.1. Mitigation and adaptation The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC, 1992) outlines two key areas for climate policy, mitigation and adaptation, both of which are essential for Canada’s Inuit population. Firstly, the FCCC and its principal update the Kyoto Protocol legally ...
... 4.1. Mitigation and adaptation The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC, 1992) outlines two key areas for climate policy, mitigation and adaptation, both of which are essential for Canada’s Inuit population. Firstly, the FCCC and its principal update the Kyoto Protocol legally ...
Psychological barriers and climate change action
... facing our planet and everybody inhabiting it today (Hansen, 2008; Stern, 2006, Ki-Moon, 2014, Watkins, 2007). Many have gone so far as to claim that climate change ‘changes everything’ by which they mean not only the physical environment but our socio-economic systems (Klein, 2014) and the way we p ...
... facing our planet and everybody inhabiting it today (Hansen, 2008; Stern, 2006, Ki-Moon, 2014, Watkins, 2007). Many have gone so far as to claim that climate change ‘changes everything’ by which they mean not only the physical environment but our socio-economic systems (Klein, 2014) and the way we p ...
Guide to Climate Change Convention
... While the world’s climate has always varied naturally, the vast majority of scientists now believe that rising concentrations of “greenhouse gases” in the earth’s atmosphere, resulting from economic and demographic growth over the last two centuries since the industrial revolution, are overriding th ...
... While the world’s climate has always varied naturally, the vast majority of scientists now believe that rising concentrations of “greenhouse gases” in the earth’s atmosphere, resulting from economic and demographic growth over the last two centuries since the industrial revolution, are overriding th ...
Building bridges: Supporting adaptation in industry VCCAR think
... Victorian business and industry play an important part in the Australian economy, producing almost one quarter of the nation's GDP.1 Ensuring long-term economic sustainability requires that overall productivity is maintained and that key industry sectors continue to grow. Understanding how this can ...
... Victorian business and industry play an important part in the Australian economy, producing almost one quarter of the nation's GDP.1 Ensuring long-term economic sustainability requires that overall productivity is maintained and that key industry sectors continue to grow. Understanding how this can ...
SEEKING CLIMATE JUSTICE: A CRITICAL RESPONSE TO SINGER
... 10. As a whole it makes a threat to the world economic and order system ...
... 10. As a whole it makes a threat to the world economic and order system ...
PDF
... structure investments and changes in water and land use management will be needed, as water infrastructures, use patterns, and institutions have developed in the context of current conditions (Conway, 2005). Most of the adaptation measures reported in literature for freshwater is planned adaptation. ...
... structure investments and changes in water and land use management will be needed, as water infrastructures, use patterns, and institutions have developed in the context of current conditions (Conway, 2005). Most of the adaptation measures reported in literature for freshwater is planned adaptation. ...
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
... to wide-ranging consequences including significant impacts on coastal communities, animal and plant species, water resources, and human health and well-being. About 80% of the world's energy is currently derived from burning fossil fuels, and carbon dioxide emissions from these sources are growing r ...
... to wide-ranging consequences including significant impacts on coastal communities, animal and plant species, water resources, and human health and well-being. About 80% of the world's energy is currently derived from burning fossil fuels, and carbon dioxide emissions from these sources are growing r ...
Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future
... Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2011.42:313-333. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by Dr. Diego Rodriguez on 02/24/12. For personal use only. ...
... Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2011.42:313-333. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by Dr. Diego Rodriguez on 02/24/12. For personal use only. ...
The psychology of climate change communication - UvA-DARE
... because it avoids the misleading implications that every region of the world is warming uniformly and that the only dangerous outcome of growing greenhouse gas emissions is higher temperatures, when that, in fact, is just the tipping point for a cascade of changes in the earth’s ecosystems. In addit ...
... because it avoids the misleading implications that every region of the world is warming uniformly and that the only dangerous outcome of growing greenhouse gas emissions is higher temperatures, when that, in fact, is just the tipping point for a cascade of changes in the earth’s ecosystems. In addit ...
Modes of the wintertime Arctic temperature variability Report No. 343
... rate in the Arctic as well as its seasonality (most pronounced wintertime SAT increase) is in agreement with anthropogenic climate change scenarios simulated by climate models [Räisänen, 2002]. At the same time, the very strong early century warming anomaly in the Arctic, which has only recently bee ...
... rate in the Arctic as well as its seasonality (most pronounced wintertime SAT increase) is in agreement with anthropogenic climate change scenarios simulated by climate models [Räisänen, 2002]. At the same time, the very strong early century warming anomaly in the Arctic, which has only recently bee ...
34 pages - World bank documents
... climate changes that had taken place over the previous 30 years (see IPCC, 2001a; Zwiers, 2002) were causing 154,000 deaths annually (WHO, 2002). Health impacts are likely to intensify given the anticipated speed of anthropogenic climate change (the scientific bases for which are discussed in detail ...
... climate changes that had taken place over the previous 30 years (see IPCC, 2001a; Zwiers, 2002) were causing 154,000 deaths annually (WHO, 2002). Health impacts are likely to intensify given the anticipated speed of anthropogenic climate change (the scientific bases for which are discussed in detail ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.