Climate change, natural disasters and displacement: a
... Sea-level rise is a gradual process, and it is difficult to draw a line here between migration and displacement. Thus, this is a case for which we find no clear solution in international law today. It remains unclear whether people who lose their state owing to climate change would be considered sta ...
... Sea-level rise is a gradual process, and it is difficult to draw a line here between migration and displacement. Thus, this is a case for which we find no clear solution in international law today. It remains unclear whether people who lose their state owing to climate change would be considered sta ...
Our Climate Options Have Shrunk
... required to prevent temperature increase exceeding the policy goal of 2°C." • "The summary for policymakers is a document of appeasement, not fit for purpose. In reality, if my calculations are correct, we not only don't have much of a carbon budget left, we have already overshot that budget – we're ...
... required to prevent temperature increase exceeding the policy goal of 2°C." • "The summary for policymakers is a document of appeasement, not fit for purpose. In reality, if my calculations are correct, we not only don't have much of a carbon budget left, we have already overshot that budget – we're ...
LCARL362_en.pdf
... at strengthening the institutional, technical and financial capacity to address the issue climate change adaptation. By virtue of size and composition it is projected that these small island states will suffer the greatest from the impacts of climate change, although they account for less the one pe ...
... at strengthening the institutional, technical and financial capacity to address the issue climate change adaptation. By virtue of size and composition it is projected that these small island states will suffer the greatest from the impacts of climate change, although they account for less the one pe ...
Report Gas Greenhouse
... Constituent gases that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere are called “greenhouse gases” (GHGs), analogous to the way a greenhouse retains heat. GHGs play a critical role in the Earth’s radiation budget by trapping infrared radiation emitted from the Earth’s surface, which would otherwise have esc ...
... Constituent gases that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere are called “greenhouse gases” (GHGs), analogous to the way a greenhouse retains heat. GHGs play a critical role in the Earth’s radiation budget by trapping infrared radiation emitted from the Earth’s surface, which would otherwise have esc ...
PDF
... William Nordhaus (1994). Economic behavior involves a single sector of global economic activity. Global capital and labor are combined to produce a generic output each year, which is either consumed or invested in additional capital. A representative agent chooses the amount of consumption each peri ...
... William Nordhaus (1994). Economic behavior involves a single sector of global economic activity. Global capital and labor are combined to produce a generic output each year, which is either consumed or invested in additional capital. A representative agent chooses the amount of consumption each peri ...
- Wiley Online Library
... translates into actual migration numbers. The analysis takes a World Bank (2000) study of the impacts of sea level rise in Kiribati as a starting point. This study modelled the combined effects of the projected increase in sea level and a 1-in-14 year storm surge, and found that, under a best guess ...
... translates into actual migration numbers. The analysis takes a World Bank (2000) study of the impacts of sea level rise in Kiribati as a starting point. This study modelled the combined effects of the projected increase in sea level and a 1-in-14 year storm surge, and found that, under a best guess ...
CHAPTER 13
... developed at the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis and the Hadley Centre in the United Kingdom. While the physical principles driving these models are similar, they differ in how they represent the effects of some important processes. Therefore, these two primary models paint differ ...
... developed at the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis and the Hadley Centre in the United Kingdom. While the physical principles driving these models are similar, they differ in how they represent the effects of some important processes. Therefore, these two primary models paint differ ...
Case study: Guatemala - CIAT-DAPA
... months decreases as well Farmer observed recently increasing climate variability Area is facing a geographical shift of some crops to western areas in Sololá Western areas in Sololá are presently important contributions to carbon sequestration (forests and coffee production) Broccoli remains on its ...
... months decreases as well Farmer observed recently increasing climate variability Area is facing a geographical shift of some crops to western areas in Sololá Western areas in Sololá are presently important contributions to carbon sequestration (forests and coffee production) Broccoli remains on its ...
climate variability - NCAR Research Applications Laboratory
... ecosystems in ways that are not yet entirely clear. The available evidence suggests that global warming may lead to substantial changes in mean annual streamflows, the seasonal distribution of flows, and the probabilities of extreme high or low flow conditions. Recent climate model studies project t ...
... ecosystems in ways that are not yet entirely clear. The available evidence suggests that global warming may lead to substantial changes in mean annual streamflows, the seasonal distribution of flows, and the probabilities of extreme high or low flow conditions. Recent climate model studies project t ...
Word - UNEP
... initiative, launched in 2008 by UNEP, which aims to motivate Governments and businesses significantly to increase investment in the environment as a new engine for economic growth, job creation, and poverty reduction in the twenty-first century. The concept was subsequently adopted in 2009 as one of ...
... initiative, launched in 2008 by UNEP, which aims to motivate Governments and businesses significantly to increase investment in the environment as a new engine for economic growth, job creation, and poverty reduction in the twenty-first century. The concept was subsequently adopted in 2009 as one of ...
Non-Marginal Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Tyranny of
... But what happens when σ is not arbitrarily small? Consider equations (6) and (10), which (implicitly) define KTP and KTA , respectively. As long as F (0, XT ) = 0, the Intermediate Value Theorem guarantees a solution for KTP (which must lie between 0 and KT∗ ). But this is not the case for KTA (whic ...
... But what happens when σ is not arbitrarily small? Consider equations (6) and (10), which (implicitly) define KTP and KTA , respectively. As long as F (0, XT ) = 0, the Intermediate Value Theorem guarantees a solution for KTP (which must lie between 0 and KT∗ ). But this is not the case for KTA (whic ...
Threats, Monitoring, and Policy to Present and Future Climate Change... Algonquin Park (Ontario, Canada) to the Adirondack Park (New York,
... in comparison to carbon dioxide. After being released, these major greenhouse gases can remain in the atmosphere for decades, and the length of time a GHG remains in the atmosphere is known as its lifetime. Carbon dioxide has a complex lifetime as the gas is not destroyed over time but moves along d ...
... in comparison to carbon dioxide. After being released, these major greenhouse gases can remain in the atmosphere for decades, and the length of time a GHG remains in the atmosphere is known as its lifetime. Carbon dioxide has a complex lifetime as the gas is not destroyed over time but moves along d ...
Let`s Talk Health and Climate
... Now is the time for health professionals to elevate our climate leadership throughout our organizations, communities, and nation. Health can be a game-changing driver for climate solutions. The 2015 Lancet Commission Report, the American Public Health Association, and an ever-growing number of healt ...
... Now is the time for health professionals to elevate our climate leadership throughout our organizations, communities, and nation. Health can be a game-changing driver for climate solutions. The 2015 Lancet Commission Report, the American Public Health Association, and an ever-growing number of healt ...
- The University of Liverpool Repository
... or enhanced change due to socio-economic development. The complexity in the role of climate is important to stress, since climate change could also cause transmission to reduce or even cease in areas presently subject to transmission, either by pushing temperatures beyond the upper limits at which t ...
... or enhanced change due to socio-economic development. The complexity in the role of climate is important to stress, since climate change could also cause transmission to reduce or even cease in areas presently subject to transmission, either by pushing temperatures beyond the upper limits at which t ...
LCCARl405_en.pdf
... are absorbing around 80 per cent of the heat being generated by the global climate system. Consistent with this warming, global sea levels have risen by an average of 1.8 mm per year over the period 1961 to 2003. Indeed, it can be argued that climate is the main factor into a jurisdiction’s tourism ...
... are absorbing around 80 per cent of the heat being generated by the global climate system. Consistent with this warming, global sea levels have risen by an average of 1.8 mm per year over the period 1961 to 2003. Indeed, it can be argued that climate is the main factor into a jurisdiction’s tourism ...
of babies and bathwater: why the clean air act`s cooperative
... pervasive that it threatens to drive out interest in other policy instruments. We do have a quarrel with that. Trading is useful for addressing some, but by no means all, aspects of the greenhouse gas problem. Although trading has worked well for some air pollution problems, global climate change pr ...
... pervasive that it threatens to drive out interest in other policy instruments. We do have a quarrel with that. Trading is useful for addressing some, but by no means all, aspects of the greenhouse gas problem. Although trading has worked well for some air pollution problems, global climate change pr ...
Rapid climate change and no-analog vegetation in lowland Central
... America, the moisture that ascends from it provides wet season rains in the region (Waliser and Gautier, 1993; Waliser et al., 1999). Changes in the inter-hemispheric temperature gradient during the late Quaternary affected the mean position and the intra-annual migration of the ITCZ. Cold condition ...
... America, the moisture that ascends from it provides wet season rains in the region (Waliser and Gautier, 1993; Waliser et al., 1999). Changes in the inter-hemispheric temperature gradient during the late Quaternary affected the mean position and the intra-annual migration of the ITCZ. Cold condition ...
Increasing impacts of climate change upon ecosystems with
... increasingly severe impacts that further anthropogenic climate change would have on ecosystems and species around the world (see the 71 studies referenced in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5). Such studies typically identify the onset of some positive, but predominantly negative, impacts upon a species or ecosy ...
... increasingly severe impacts that further anthropogenic climate change would have on ecosystems and species around the world (see the 71 studies referenced in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5). Such studies typically identify the onset of some positive, but predominantly negative, impacts upon a species or ecosy ...
Pathways for balancing CO2 emissions and sinks
... December 2015, negotiators from 195 countries agreed to ‘pursue efforts to limit the (global average) temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change’. The text of the Paris Agreement further specifies ...
... December 2015, negotiators from 195 countries agreed to ‘pursue efforts to limit the (global average) temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change’. The text of the Paris Agreement further specifies ...
The impact of climate change is one of the biggest and most complicated challenges facing society today
... Carbon capture and storage technologies could provide a partial solution to this dilemma by facilitating less costly reductions in carbon emissions through the continued use of fossil fuels. Despite significant experience with storage of CO2 and other substances in underground reservoirs, there is s ...
... Carbon capture and storage technologies could provide a partial solution to this dilemma by facilitating less costly reductions in carbon emissions through the continued use of fossil fuels. Despite significant experience with storage of CO2 and other substances in underground reservoirs, there is s ...
Coherence among the Northern Hemisphere land, cryosphere, and
... impact attribution in conservation and ecological research, Parmesan et al., 2013; conceptual framework to detect and attribute effects of climate change, Stone et al., 2013; climate change impacts on marine life, Poloczanska et al., 2013). For detection and attribution of climate change impact asse ...
... impact attribution in conservation and ecological research, Parmesan et al., 2013; conceptual framework to detect and attribute effects of climate change, Stone et al., 2013; climate change impacts on marine life, Poloczanska et al., 2013). For detection and attribution of climate change impact asse ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.