Can forest watershed management mitigate climate change effects on water resources?
... conductance declines, transpiration can decline as well; but this is often dependent on several factors, including stand age and structure (Leuzinger & Korner, 2007; Warren et al., 2011). Warmer temperatures will also influence the duration and timing of snowmelt, a critical factor in ecosystems whe ...
... conductance declines, transpiration can decline as well; but this is often dependent on several factors, including stand age and structure (Leuzinger & Korner, 2007; Warren et al., 2011). Warmer temperatures will also influence the duration and timing of snowmelt, a critical factor in ecosystems whe ...
The future of soil invertebrate communities in polar regions: different
... As noted earlier it is well documented that the climate in the polar regions has changed since modern records began (e.g. ACIA 2005; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Turner et al. 2009a), and that some of the largest increases in temperature measured on Earth have been recorded in the Arctic an ...
... As noted earlier it is well documented that the climate in the polar regions has changed since modern records began (e.g. ACIA 2005; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Turner et al. 2009a), and that some of the largest increases in temperature measured on Earth have been recorded in the Arctic an ...
Review of current monitoring efforts in coastal ecosystems
... planning that the Long Island Sound Study is currently going through, such as site selection, choosing indicator species, and end product designation. As such, by looking at these other monitoring programs our organization can learn strategies to use right here in Long Island Sound. Global Eart ...
... planning that the Long Island Sound Study is currently going through, such as site selection, choosing indicator species, and end product designation. As such, by looking at these other monitoring programs our organization can learn strategies to use right here in Long Island Sound. Global Eart ...
An Analysis of Black Carbon Mitigation as a Response to Climate
... relatively short residence time in the atmosphere, black carbon presents some unique opportunities for postponing the effects of climate change. Whereas CO 2 has a life of up to about 40 years, black carbon remains in the atmosphere for as little as several weeks. As such, reducing emissions of blac ...
... relatively short residence time in the atmosphere, black carbon presents some unique opportunities for postponing the effects of climate change. Whereas CO 2 has a life of up to about 40 years, black carbon remains in the atmosphere for as little as several weeks. As such, reducing emissions of blac ...
- Guyana`s Low Carbon Development Strategy
... Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (REDD+) – Guyana’s situation In previous articles, it was noted that tropical deforestation is a leading cause of climate change, responsible for approximately 17 percent of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, an ...
... Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (REDD+) – Guyana’s situation In previous articles, it was noted that tropical deforestation is a leading cause of climate change, responsible for approximately 17 percent of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, an ...
Climate Change and Agrarian Societies in Drylands
... required for minimum levels of human well-being. Figure 1 shows the geographic locations of drylands – hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid and dry subhumid – according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. The FAO’s typology of agro-ecological zones is based on agroclimatic zones defined according to the ...
... required for minimum levels of human well-being. Figure 1 shows the geographic locations of drylands – hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid and dry subhumid – according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. The FAO’s typology of agro-ecological zones is based on agroclimatic zones defined according to the ...
global warming and phanerozoic climate change
... the analysis of multiple proxies, as summarized by Berner& Kothalva (2002). Estimates are consistent across methods but the amplitude of CO2 concentration changes varies between methods. During Phanerozoic times atmospheric CO2 concentrations varied widely. At times they were more that 20 times high ...
... the analysis of multiple proxies, as summarized by Berner& Kothalva (2002). Estimates are consistent across methods but the amplitude of CO2 concentration changes varies between methods. During Phanerozoic times atmospheric CO2 concentrations varied widely. At times they were more that 20 times high ...
RI Climate Change Commission 2012 report
... assets upon which tourism and boating industries rely.4 Scientists are studying the relationship between ocean acidification and carbon dioxide (C02) emissions. Many of these climatological, oceanographic, ecological, and economic changes and transformations are occurring more rapidly than anticipat ...
... assets upon which tourism and boating industries rely.4 Scientists are studying the relationship between ocean acidification and carbon dioxide (C02) emissions. Many of these climatological, oceanographic, ecological, and economic changes and transformations are occurring more rapidly than anticipat ...
- Europa EU
... stakeholders (including non-state ones) at various scales and levels. 17. Stakeholders are, generally speaking, those who have an interest in something; with regard to environment and climate change, they can be defined as individuals and groups whose livelihoods depends on natural resources, who ar ...
... stakeholders (including non-state ones) at various scales and levels. 17. Stakeholders are, generally speaking, those who have an interest in something; with regard to environment and climate change, they can be defined as individuals and groups whose livelihoods depends on natural resources, who ar ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
... the island as an ideal tourist destination based on its diversity of heritage: “rich in history, a perfect blend of French, British and African cultures” (Crick, 2003). The island has, generally, received positive reviews from visitors. Out of a possible 7, most visitors to the island gave the islan ...
... the island as an ideal tourist destination based on its diversity of heritage: “rich in history, a perfect blend of French, British and African cultures” (Crick, 2003). The island has, generally, received positive reviews from visitors. Out of a possible 7, most visitors to the island gave the islan ...
PDF
... risks were perfectly correlated, risk sharing cannot lead to a welfare improvement. Otherwise, however, all idiosyncratic risk could be in theory insured against (Ligon, 1998). In reality, there are however several obstacles to insure all idiosyncratic risks, namely transaction costs, limited liabil ...
... risks were perfectly correlated, risk sharing cannot lead to a welfare improvement. Otherwise, however, all idiosyncratic risk could be in theory insured against (Ligon, 1998). In reality, there are however several obstacles to insure all idiosyncratic risks, namely transaction costs, limited liabil ...
The Carbon Neutral Myth
... “have the capacity to disguise the failure to achieve actual reductions in overall greenhouse gas emissions.”5 The Carbon Neutral Myth highlights several ways in which this approach to climate change is fundamentally flawed. The first chapter examines how the existence of offset schemes presents the ...
... “have the capacity to disguise the failure to achieve actual reductions in overall greenhouse gas emissions.”5 The Carbon Neutral Myth highlights several ways in which this approach to climate change is fundamentally flawed. The first chapter examines how the existence of offset schemes presents the ...
Directive IPPC : quelques remarques
... compared to visibility in natural condition. The visual range, which is currently typically about 20 km, was about 100 km before the industrial revolution. Visibility, as affecting national parks and wilderness areas is thought to have an important social and economic impact. In a report to the US C ...
... compared to visibility in natural condition. The visual range, which is currently typically about 20 km, was about 100 km before the industrial revolution. Visibility, as affecting national parks and wilderness areas is thought to have an important social and economic impact. In a report to the US C ...
Document
... • Assistance would be provided in the form of free allocation of permits. • Assistance would be focused on Emissions-Intensive Trade-Exposed (EITE) industry • Limited one-off assistance to strongly affected industry that is not trade exposed • The initial level of assistance for EITE activities set ...
... • Assistance would be provided in the form of free allocation of permits. • Assistance would be focused on Emissions-Intensive Trade-Exposed (EITE) industry • Limited one-off assistance to strongly affected industry that is not trade exposed • The initial level of assistance for EITE activities set ...
Gilbert N. Plass: Climate Science in Perspective
... surface cannot escape freely to space and the temperature at the surface is higher than it would be otherwise. The atmosphere has just the same properties as the glass in the greenhouse. The carbon dioxide theory states that, as the amount of carbon dioxide increases, the atmosphere becomes opaque o ...
... surface cannot escape freely to space and the temperature at the surface is higher than it would be otherwise. The atmosphere has just the same properties as the glass in the greenhouse. The carbon dioxide theory states that, as the amount of carbon dioxide increases, the atmosphere becomes opaque o ...
Recent worldwide CO2 emissions - Digging in the Clay
... So adherent Nations have isolated themselves by their own self-immolating actions on the basis that it is their duty to set an example for the world. However their actions alone can only ever give virtually undetectable reductions of World temperature, and the rest of the world is not listening. So ...
... So adherent Nations have isolated themselves by their own self-immolating actions on the basis that it is their duty to set an example for the world. However their actions alone can only ever give virtually undetectable reductions of World temperature, and the rest of the world is not listening. So ...
Overview of linkages between gender and climate change – Africa
... experiences in the formal and informal workforces, in communities and in households, climate responses can be made more effective and sustainable. ...
... experiences in the formal and informal workforces, in communities and in households, climate responses can be made more effective and sustainable. ...
The Rockefeller Way - Energy and Environmental Legal Institute
... industry by enhancing the quality of fossil fuel made John D. Rockefeller the first billionaire in American history.9 While some history books portray him as a kind-hearted capitalist, J.D. Rockefeller was anything but. Instead, he was a ruthless monopolist who sought to control every aspect of the ...
... industry by enhancing the quality of fossil fuel made John D. Rockefeller the first billionaire in American history.9 While some history books portray him as a kind-hearted capitalist, J.D. Rockefeller was anything but. Instead, he was a ruthless monopolist who sought to control every aspect of the ...
Deep uncertainty in long-term hurricane risk: Scenario generation and implications for future climate experiments (opens in new window)
... those used by the Dynamical Model scenarios there is evidence that they provide adequate predictions of basin-scale tropical cyclone frequency and intensity over the near- and long-term (Emanuel, 2005; Hoyos et al., 2006). They also have the advantage of being directly driven by large-scale climate ...
... those used by the Dynamical Model scenarios there is evidence that they provide adequate predictions of basin-scale tropical cyclone frequency and intensity over the near- and long-term (Emanuel, 2005; Hoyos et al., 2006). They also have the advantage of being directly driven by large-scale climate ...
Climate evolution in the last five centuries
... canic activity is believed to have occurred (B RIFFA et al., 1999). The LMM, however, does not seem to be restricted to the European region, and other proxy indicators located in other parts of the world also indicate minimum temperatures in these decades (F RITTS and L OUGH, 1985; D RUFFEL and G RI ...
... canic activity is believed to have occurred (B RIFFA et al., 1999). The LMM, however, does not seem to be restricted to the European region, and other proxy indicators located in other parts of the world also indicate minimum temperatures in these decades (F RITTS and L OUGH, 1985; D RUFFEL and G RI ...
Combating Global Climate Change - University of Michigan Law
... about growing carbon concentrations in the atmosphere and resulting global climate change. Public concern has lagged behind the scientific evidence, and our political leaders have been even slower to recognize the magnitude of the climate change crisis. In the past several years, however, with the r ...
... about growing carbon concentrations in the atmosphere and resulting global climate change. Public concern has lagged behind the scientific evidence, and our political leaders have been even slower to recognize the magnitude of the climate change crisis. In the past several years, however, with the r ...
Russia`s Climate Policy: International Bargaining and Domestic
... joint implementation. We argue that, while these experiences may help to build support for Medvedev’s policies among significant domestic actors and shift their cost–benefit calculations, these gradual processes that have been taking place for over a decade are not sufficient to explain the sudden shift ...
... joint implementation. We argue that, while these experiences may help to build support for Medvedev’s policies among significant domestic actors and shift their cost–benefit calculations, these gradual processes that have been taking place for over a decade are not sufficient to explain the sudden shift ...
Towards indicators for resilient architecture and infrastructure
... concerns. There is a clear overlap between sustainability and IAV assessment, and the integration of the two may provide better insights for planning or policy than either applied in isolation. Evidence of climate change has transformed the concept of sustainability from that of a far-off future sta ...
... concerns. There is a clear overlap between sustainability and IAV assessment, and the integration of the two may provide better insights for planning or policy than either applied in isolation. Evidence of climate change has transformed the concept of sustainability from that of a far-off future sta ...
Climate Change and the Transport Sector: Are we
... – explain the impacts that climate change may have on transport infrastructure and identify the extent to which practical responses to these impacts on transport structure are accommodated within existing regulatory regimes – explain transport’s contribution to climate change and identify the ways i ...
... – explain the impacts that climate change may have on transport infrastructure and identify the extent to which practical responses to these impacts on transport structure are accommodated within existing regulatory regimes – explain transport’s contribution to climate change and identify the ways i ...
“Human Rights and Climate Change”. At its 7th session the
... Permanent Forum On Indigenous Issues: International Expert Group Meeting On Indigenous Peoples And Climate Change - Summary Report ...
... Permanent Forum On Indigenous Issues: International Expert Group Meeting On Indigenous Peoples And Climate Change - Summary Report ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.