Climate and the Carbon Cycle - CARBO
... When it gets hot and dry - droughts, heat waves and fire...........................................8 Highlight Chapter 2 Storms, floods and frost.............................................................................................. 10 Highlight Chapter 3 Observing the response of carbon an ...
... When it gets hot and dry - droughts, heat waves and fire...........................................8 Highlight Chapter 2 Storms, floods and frost.............................................................................................. 10 Highlight Chapter 3 Observing the response of carbon an ...
Abbreviation of "Ice Melt, Sea Level Rise and Superstorms"
... this viewpoint fails to appreciate the nature of the threat posed by ice sheet instability and sea level rise. If the ocean continues to accumulate heat and increase melting of marine-terminating ice shelves of Antarctica and Greenland, a point will be reached at which it is impossible to avoid larg ...
... this viewpoint fails to appreciate the nature of the threat posed by ice sheet instability and sea level rise. If the ocean continues to accumulate heat and increase melting of marine-terminating ice shelves of Antarctica and Greenland, a point will be reached at which it is impossible to avoid larg ...
Independent Climate
... If the indicator’s ability to signal SFM progress deteriorates when one assumes a changing climate, then what modifications are possible or warranted to improve its ability sufficiently for it to remain among the C&ISFM? These indicators can be placed in the modified category. ...
... If the indicator’s ability to signal SFM progress deteriorates when one assumes a changing climate, then what modifications are possible or warranted to improve its ability sufficiently for it to remain among the C&ISFM? These indicators can be placed in the modified category. ...
nullius in verba - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... of the perversion not only of The Royal Society but of science itself, wherein the legitimate role of science as a powerful mode of inquiry is replaced by the pretence of science to a position of political authority. The simple chronology speaks for itself, though one cannot read it without thinking ...
... of the perversion not only of The Royal Society but of science itself, wherein the legitimate role of science as a powerful mode of inquiry is replaced by the pretence of science to a position of political authority. The simple chronology speaks for itself, though one cannot read it without thinking ...
Young People`s Burden: Requirement of Negative CO2 Emissions
... alleged climate change consequences, if accurate, could be considered “beyond the pale”, and he rejected the motion to dismiss the case. Judge Coffin’s ruling must be certified by a second judge, after which the case can proceed to trial. It is anticipated that the plausibility of achieving the emis ...
... alleged climate change consequences, if accurate, could be considered “beyond the pale”, and he rejected the motion to dismiss the case. Judge Coffin’s ruling must be certified by a second judge, after which the case can proceed to trial. It is anticipated that the plausibility of achieving the emis ...
Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global
... Eliminating papers that were not peer-reviewed, not climate-related or without an abstract reduced the analysis to 11,944 abstracts with 3,896 (32.6%) endorsing AGW, 78 (0.7%) rejecting AGW and 7,970 (66.7%) expressing no position on AGW. Among abstracts expressing a position on AGW, 98.2% endorse t ...
... Eliminating papers that were not peer-reviewed, not climate-related or without an abstract reduced the analysis to 11,944 abstracts with 3,896 (32.6%) endorsing AGW, 78 (0.7%) rejecting AGW and 7,970 (66.7%) expressing no position on AGW. Among abstracts expressing a position on AGW, 98.2% endorse t ...
Chinese Food Security and Climate Change: Agriculture Futures
... in yield of rice of ~5% C-1 rise above 32C (Gregory et al., 2005). These effects of temperature were considered sufficiently detrimental that they would largely offset any increase in yield as a consequence of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. The focus of this paper is the projected impact ...
... in yield of rice of ~5% C-1 rise above 32C (Gregory et al., 2005). These effects of temperature were considered sufficiently detrimental that they would largely offset any increase in yield as a consequence of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. The focus of this paper is the projected impact ...
Production and release of a V0
... knowledge on and need for agricultural adaptation to climate change, in the context of the already large challenges to food security from population and income growth in a world where many natural systems are already stressed (Chapter 3). Third, it should report on agriculture’s current contribution ...
... knowledge on and need for agricultural adaptation to climate change, in the context of the already large challenges to food security from population and income growth in a world where many natural systems are already stressed (Chapter 3). Third, it should report on agriculture’s current contribution ...
Building Resilient Communities in Maryland: A Stakeholder Forum
... Climate Effects (BRACE) • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2014 framework to assist states and cities in developing resilience to climate effects • Goal – use health data, forecast models to look at potential impacts, develop interventions and adaptations to climate impacts ...
... Climate Effects (BRACE) • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2014 framework to assist states and cities in developing resilience to climate effects • Goal – use health data, forecast models to look at potential impacts, develop interventions and adaptations to climate impacts ...
Reports of Phase 2 Activity, January 2005
... future greenhouse gas emission profiles used in the modelling studies. A range of scenarios is commonly used to represent a range of plausible international scenarios. These scenarios are diverse but do not diverge greatly over the next 25 years. ...
... future greenhouse gas emission profiles used in the modelling studies. A range of scenarios is commonly used to represent a range of plausible international scenarios. These scenarios are diverse but do not diverge greatly over the next 25 years. ...
Climate Change in the American Mind: October 2014
... While the overall number of Americans who think global warming is not happening has decreased in the past year, those that hold this view have become more certain of their beliefs (from 41% in April 2014 to about half – 53% – today). This change was largely driven by those who say they are “extremel ...
... While the overall number of Americans who think global warming is not happening has decreased in the past year, those that hold this view have become more certain of their beliefs (from 41% in April 2014 to about half – 53% – today). This change was largely driven by those who say they are “extremel ...
Reducing the Impact of Global Warming on Wildlife
... plant resources to rear their offspring. Animals may respond more to day length or light intensity cues that are not being influenced by global warming. Animal migrations and breeding may thus fall out of synch with the plant resources required to feed and rear offspring. Cases of wildlife populatio ...
... plant resources to rear their offspring. Animals may respond more to day length or light intensity cues that are not being influenced by global warming. Animal migrations and breeding may thus fall out of synch with the plant resources required to feed and rear offspring. Cases of wildlife populatio ...
RICAPS CAP Template (v4) - San Mateo County Energy Watch
... this journey to safeguard our environment. The Plan also includes ideas to allow our City government to “walk the talk” by implementing practices that minimize our own impacts on the environment by echoing the energy efficiency, water conservation and alternative transportation programs and services ...
... this journey to safeguard our environment. The Plan also includes ideas to allow our City government to “walk the talk” by implementing practices that minimize our own impacts on the environment by echoing the energy efficiency, water conservation and alternative transportation programs and services ...
White Paper on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate Change
... Given the severity of impact to be expected and given the likelihood that some level of important disruptions in living conditions will occur for great numbers of people due to climate change events, we contend that there is sufficient convergence among ethical principles to make a number of concret ...
... Given the severity of impact to be expected and given the likelihood that some level of important disruptions in living conditions will occur for great numbers of people due to climate change events, we contend that there is sufficient convergence among ethical principles to make a number of concret ...
The Economics of Climate Change in Brazil: Costs and
... risks and to assess and implement the most effective prevention and adaptation measures in terms of costs and benefits. For the first time in Brazil, a large interdisciplinary team, comprised primarily of scientists and economists from leading research institutions in the Country, was brought togeth ...
... risks and to assess and implement the most effective prevention and adaptation measures in terms of costs and benefits. For the first time in Brazil, a large interdisciplinary team, comprised primarily of scientists and economists from leading research institutions in the Country, was brought togeth ...
HS Mui Nallanthigall 1AC v Raghavan Pereda Rd2
... various technical problems, high costs, arguments between energy companies and governments about who pays for research and development, and by regulatory uncertainties in many countries.¶ ...
... various technical problems, high costs, arguments between energy companies and governments about who pays for research and development, and by regulatory uncertainties in many countries.¶ ...
Article - Biogeosciences
... carbon fluxes. We investigated to what extent and at which temporal scales, climatic variability and changes in ecosystem functional properties determined the IAV of the carbon balance. Empirical models were used as tools to estimate the seasonal and interannual variation of the ecosystem functional ...
... carbon fluxes. We investigated to what extent and at which temporal scales, climatic variability and changes in ecosystem functional properties determined the IAV of the carbon balance. Empirical models were used as tools to estimate the seasonal and interannual variation of the ecosystem functional ...
Warming - Amazon Web Services
... Northern Hemisphere indicate that the increase in temperature in the twentieth century is likely to have been the largest of any century during the past 1,000 years." This conclusion has since been supported further by every single one of close to a dozen new reconstructions (two of which are shown ...
... Northern Hemisphere indicate that the increase in temperature in the twentieth century is likely to have been the largest of any century during the past 1,000 years." This conclusion has since been supported further by every single one of close to a dozen new reconstructions (two of which are shown ...
Full Congressional testimonials
... However, scientific investigations of the dynamics of the entire climate system have more in common with systems biology and economics than with laboratory physics and chemistry, owing to the complexity of the systems under investigation and the inability to conduct controlled experiments. Complexit ...
... However, scientific investigations of the dynamics of the entire climate system have more in common with systems biology and economics than with laboratory physics and chemistry, owing to the complexity of the systems under investigation and the inability to conduct controlled experiments. Complexit ...
climate science
... However, scientific investigations of the dynamics of the entire climate system have more in common with systems biology and economics than with laboratory physics and chemistry, owing to the complexity of the systems under investigation and the inability to conduct controlled experiments. Complexit ...
... However, scientific investigations of the dynamics of the entire climate system have more in common with systems biology and economics than with laboratory physics and chemistry, owing to the complexity of the systems under investigation and the inability to conduct controlled experiments. Complexit ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CARBON GEOGRAPHY:
... carefully integrated with generation data from EIA to produce useful values like pounds per megawatt-hour (lbs/MWh) of emissions, which allows direct comparison of the environmental attributes of electricity generation.”10 We use eGRID’s carbon emissions factor, measured in pounds of carbon dioxide ...
... carefully integrated with generation data from EIA to produce useful values like pounds per megawatt-hour (lbs/MWh) of emissions, which allows direct comparison of the environmental attributes of electricity generation.”10 We use eGRID’s carbon emissions factor, measured in pounds of carbon dioxide ...
Hydrological Climate Change Impact Assessment at Small and
... societal sectors and there is great concern over how future changes will affect business, safety, and ecosystem sustainability. Climate adaptation measures are being pushed by many policy makers in the water sector. Key research activities include analysing historical trends in runoff and discharge ...
... societal sectors and there is great concern over how future changes will affect business, safety, and ecosystem sustainability. Climate adaptation measures are being pushed by many policy makers in the water sector. Key research activities include analysing historical trends in runoff and discharge ...
National Park Service - UAF SNAP
... acres of parklands to administer, Alaska park managers must better understand possible climate change trends in order to better manage arctic, subarctic, and coastal ecosystems, as well as human uses of these areas. As such, NPS managers undertook an exploration of scenario planning as an innovative ...
... acres of parklands to administer, Alaska park managers must better understand possible climate change trends in order to better manage arctic, subarctic, and coastal ecosystems, as well as human uses of these areas. As such, NPS managers undertook an exploration of scenario planning as an innovative ...
Impact of climate change on photochemical air pollution in Southern
... Byun and Schere, 2006) version 4.6 is used to predict base case and future air quality. The SAPRC99 chemical mechanism (Carter, 2000), containing 77 model species (including lumped VOC categories) and 216 reactions, is used to describe relevant atmospheric chemistry. Boundary conditions similar to S ...
... Byun and Schere, 2006) version 4.6 is used to predict base case and future air quality. The SAPRC99 chemical mechanism (Carter, 2000), containing 77 model species (including lumped VOC categories) and 216 reactions, is used to describe relevant atmospheric chemistry. Boundary conditions similar to S ...
The greenhouse effect
... reaches the ground to either be scattered back into the atmosphere, or absorbed. Solids can absorb all frequencies of radiation, and convert them to infrared wavelengths. The heated ground can then emit infrared radiation back into the atmosphere, which then intercepts more of the energy on the wa ...
... reaches the ground to either be scattered back into the atmosphere, or absorbed. Solids can absorb all frequencies of radiation, and convert them to infrared wavelengths. The heated ground can then emit infrared radiation back into the atmosphere, which then intercepts more of the energy on the wa ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.