National Security in the 21st Century: How the National Security
... in mass migrations as environmental refugees increase global tensions and further strain resources in the new location.47 The IPCC and others believe that average global warming exceeding 3.6°F may be dangerous,48 while others argue that 3.6°F “warming would be catastrophic for large segments of hum ...
... in mass migrations as environmental refugees increase global tensions and further strain resources in the new location.47 The IPCC and others believe that average global warming exceeding 3.6°F may be dangerous,48 while others argue that 3.6°F “warming would be catastrophic for large segments of hum ...
Climate change in Central America and Mexico
... (DJF) seasons. The annual mean warming between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099 varies in the CAM region from 1.8° to 5.0°C (Christensen et al. 2007), with half of the models within 2.6°–3.6°C and a median of 3.2°C. For Central America, 19 (out of 21) GCMs agree on the direction of change in precipitat ...
... (DJF) seasons. The annual mean warming between 1980 to 1999 and 2080 to 2099 varies in the CAM region from 1.8° to 5.0°C (Christensen et al. 2007), with half of the models within 2.6°–3.6°C and a median of 3.2°C. For Central America, 19 (out of 21) GCMs agree on the direction of change in precipitat ...
- Wiley Online Library
... WorldClim data averaged over the period 1950–2000 was used to estimate current productivity (WorldClim, 2014). Productivity in the year 2070 (P2070) was forecasted using output averaged over the period 2061–2080 from all global climate models (GCMs) models cited in the IPCCs 5th Assessment Report (I ...
... WorldClim data averaged over the period 1950–2000 was used to estimate current productivity (WorldClim, 2014). Productivity in the year 2070 (P2070) was forecasted using output averaged over the period 2061–2080 from all global climate models (GCMs) models cited in the IPCCs 5th Assessment Report (I ...
February 26, 2014 Ms. Mabel Echols Office of Information and
... gases. This endeavor is important because benefit-cost analysis is a central tool of regulatory policy in the United States, first institutionalized in a 1981 executive order by President Ronald Reagan. The executive order currently in effect provides that agencies: ...
... gases. This endeavor is important because benefit-cost analysis is a central tool of regulatory policy in the United States, first institutionalized in a 1981 executive order by President Ronald Reagan. The executive order currently in effect provides that agencies: ...
Challenging the current climate change – migration nexus: exploring
... change is often correlated with the change of seasons or a-typical weather patterns. These quantitative results are in line with our own taken from interviews as they share the general tendency to frame the abstract entity climate change by way of more concrete and experienced phenomena. However, a ...
... change is often correlated with the change of seasons or a-typical weather patterns. These quantitative results are in line with our own taken from interviews as they share the general tendency to frame the abstract entity climate change by way of more concrete and experienced phenomena. However, a ...
Biogeosciences
... While BC is a post-processing step that is a widely applied for climate change impact (CCI) studies, there are several known issues. One concern is that most studies that use BC GCM/RCM data without adequate quantification of the effects of BC, thereby introducing additional uncertainties (Ehret et ...
... While BC is a post-processing step that is a widely applied for climate change impact (CCI) studies, there are several known issues. One concern is that most studies that use BC GCM/RCM data without adequate quantification of the effects of BC, thereby introducing additional uncertainties (Ehret et ...
Climate Predictions and Projections Program
... and predicting long-term climate change which may have large impacts in the coastal zone (such as global warming and associated sea level rise) • Strategic plan for the Climate Change Science Program (CCSP): requires reduced uncertainty in projections of how the Earth’s climate may change in future. ...
... and predicting long-term climate change which may have large impacts in the coastal zone (such as global warming and associated sea level rise) • Strategic plan for the Climate Change Science Program (CCSP): requires reduced uncertainty in projections of how the Earth’s climate may change in future. ...
Global Warming and Science
... Fig. 6. Climate reconstructions over the last two centuries [SIC : millennia]. Medieval warm period missing – Little Ice Age ??? ...
... Fig. 6. Climate reconstructions over the last two centuries [SIC : millennia]. Medieval warm period missing – Little Ice Age ??? ...
1.3 Verb-based nominalizations
... 2. The descriptive-analytical method was applied to examine and interpret verb-based nominalizations and their semantic and structural features. 3. The statistical method enabled to systemize and generalize the research results. The research material and the scope: Popular science texts concerning ...
... 2. The descriptive-analytical method was applied to examine and interpret verb-based nominalizations and their semantic and structural features. 3. The statistical method enabled to systemize and generalize the research results. The research material and the scope: Popular science texts concerning ...
Saturation of the terrestrial carbon sink
... balance is termed Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP). However, when considering long periods of time and large regions (or the whole terrestrial biosphere for that matter) we need to include other processes that contribute to loss of C such as, fires, harvest, erosion, and export of C in river flow. T ...
... balance is termed Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP). However, when considering long periods of time and large regions (or the whole terrestrial biosphere for that matter) we need to include other processes that contribute to loss of C such as, fires, harvest, erosion, and export of C in river flow. T ...
Results Part A: amount of appearances
... About fifty per cent of United States citizens are in doubt or are sceptical about the existence of anthropogenic climate change (Mommers, 2015). Nonetheless there is a paradox towards this 50 per cent, since there is 97,2 per cent consensus among all research done towards climate change, and acknow ...
... About fifty per cent of United States citizens are in doubt or are sceptical about the existence of anthropogenic climate change (Mommers, 2015). Nonetheless there is a paradox towards this 50 per cent, since there is 97,2 per cent consensus among all research done towards climate change, and acknow ...
Climate Leviathan - The Ohio State University
... “the world is likely to build so many fossil-fuelled power stations, energy-guzzling factories and inefficient buildings in the next five years that it will become impossible to hold global warming to safe levels” (Harvey 2011). The range of ecological implications grows with each report from scienc ...
... “the world is likely to build so many fossil-fuelled power stations, energy-guzzling factories and inefficient buildings in the next five years that it will become impossible to hold global warming to safe levels” (Harvey 2011). The range of ecological implications grows with each report from scienc ...
Global Warming Begins at Home
... Energy made from the combustion of fossil fuels produces CO2, one of the major contributors to climate change. CO2 is released any time coal, oil, natural gas, or even a renewable resource such as wood is burned. The problem with carbon dioxide is that it acts as a greenhouse gas. Such gases natural ...
... Energy made from the combustion of fossil fuels produces CO2, one of the major contributors to climate change. CO2 is released any time coal, oil, natural gas, or even a renewable resource such as wood is burned. The problem with carbon dioxide is that it acts as a greenhouse gas. Such gases natural ...
Indirect effect of climate change: Shifts in ratsnake
... Using aerial photographs and extensive ground truthing, we used GIS software (ArcMap 10.0: ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA) to delineate boundaries of the six major habitat types available at the site: deciduous forest, mixed forest, clear cuts, shrublands, forest edge, and wetland. Deciduous forests h ...
... Using aerial photographs and extensive ground truthing, we used GIS software (ArcMap 10.0: ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA) to delineate boundaries of the six major habitat types available at the site: deciduous forest, mixed forest, clear cuts, shrublands, forest edge, and wetland. Deciduous forests h ...
Primary Student-Teachers` Conceptual Understanding of the
... can consist of briefly presented forms of human experiment and the nodal points between the abstract and the concrete (Novak & Cañas, 2008). In the present study the conceptualization ...
... can consist of briefly presented forms of human experiment and the nodal points between the abstract and the concrete (Novak & Cañas, 2008). In the present study the conceptualization ...
Climate Change in Park City: An Assessment of Climate, Snowpack
... area operations (Tegart et al., 1990; Watson et al., 1996; National Assessment Synthesis Team, 2000; McCarthy et al., 2001; Barry et al., 2007; Lemke et al., 2007). For example, several studies have analyzed the effects of potential climate change on ski areas and winter tourism, and all of the stud ...
... area operations (Tegart et al., 1990; Watson et al., 1996; National Assessment Synthesis Team, 2000; McCarthy et al., 2001; Barry et al., 2007; Lemke et al., 2007). For example, several studies have analyzed the effects of potential climate change on ski areas and winter tourism, and all of the stud ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.