Georgia`s Climate Variability vs Climate Change
... Climate Variability (e.g. El Nino) Other Unresolved Processes and ...
... Climate Variability (e.g. El Nino) Other Unresolved Processes and ...
Coupled Simulations of the 20th-Century including External Forcing
... where the simulated effect of Krakatau is much larger than the observed cooling. Subsequently, the temperatures increase, reaching a maximum in the 1940s. Note, the large observed cooling in 1918 was due to a large La Niña event, which was not simulated in CSM. The period between 1950 and 1975 is s ...
... where the simulated effect of Krakatau is much larger than the observed cooling. Subsequently, the temperatures increase, reaching a maximum in the 1940s. Note, the large observed cooling in 1918 was due to a large La Niña event, which was not simulated in CSM. The period between 1950 and 1975 is s ...
India`s climate pledge and the global goal of limiting warming below
... 2030. Here we assume that global emissions converge to per capita equity by the year 2030. In order to have a >66% chance of limiting warming below 2C, the projected model pathways indicate that global annual emissions in 2030 would need to be between 32 and 44 GtCO2eq (ref. 14). We consider a mean ...
... 2030. Here we assume that global emissions converge to per capita equity by the year 2030. In order to have a >66% chance of limiting warming below 2C, the projected model pathways indicate that global annual emissions in 2030 would need to be between 32 and 44 GtCO2eq (ref. 14). We consider a mean ...
Heinrich Event - EdShare - University of Southampton
... Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Asynchrony of Antarctic and Greenland climate change during the last glacial period. Blunier, T; Chappellaz, J; Schwander, J; Daellenbach, A; Stauffer, B; Stocker, T F; Raynaud, D; Jouzel, J; Clausen, H B; Hammer, C U; Johnson, S J., Nature, v. ...
... Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Asynchrony of Antarctic and Greenland climate change during the last glacial period. Blunier, T; Chappellaz, J; Schwander, J; Daellenbach, A; Stauffer, B; Stocker, T F; Raynaud, D; Jouzel, J; Clausen, H B; Hammer, C U; Johnson, S J., Nature, v. ...
Detection and Attribution of Temperature Changes in the
... mate noise nor natural forcings could explain the large observed increase in annual-mean North American surface air temperature (30° and 65°N) from 1950 to 1999. Christidis et al. (2007) reported a significant anthropogenic contribution to North American growing season length, largely because of an ...
... mate noise nor natural forcings could explain the large observed increase in annual-mean North American surface air temperature (30° and 65°N) from 1950 to 1999. Christidis et al. (2007) reported a significant anthropogenic contribution to North American growing season length, largely because of an ...
PowerPoint **** - UCLA Land Surface Hydrology Research Group
... temperature associated with changes in riparian shading and land use: (1) 2002 land use and 2002 riparian vegetation (the baseline, short for ‘lc2002_rv2002’); (2) 2002 land use and 1883 riparian vegetation (lc2002_rv1883); (3) 1883 land use and 1883 riparian vegetation (pristine conditions; lc1883_ ...
... temperature associated with changes in riparian shading and land use: (1) 2002 land use and 2002 riparian vegetation (the baseline, short for ‘lc2002_rv2002’); (2) 2002 land use and 1883 riparian vegetation (lc2002_rv1883); (3) 1883 land use and 1883 riparian vegetation (pristine conditions; lc1883_ ...
Obaddour-climatesystemmonitoring
... FIRST WORKSHOP ON SPACE-BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR CLIMATE, Geneva, 13-14 January 2011 ...
... FIRST WORKSHOP ON SPACE-BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR CLIMATE, Geneva, 13-14 January 2011 ...
Concerns On The IPCC Report: The Actual State Of Climate Science
... skill by the multi-decadal global models decades into the future; 2) Even the global average climate metrics, such as global warming, are not being accurately predicted by these models ...
... skill by the multi-decadal global models decades into the future; 2) Even the global average climate metrics, such as global warming, are not being accurately predicted by these models ...
Methods and Tools for the Human Health Sector
... • Rainy warm austral summer October – April • Dry and cold May-September • Heterogeneous elevation-dictated temperature range • Strong interannual and decadal variability in precipitation • Decrease in precipitation in the last 100 years (about 1% per decade) • Temperature changes 1933-1993 – Increa ...
... • Rainy warm austral summer October – April • Dry and cold May-September • Heterogeneous elevation-dictated temperature range • Strong interannual and decadal variability in precipitation • Decrease in precipitation in the last 100 years (about 1% per decade) • Temperature changes 1933-1993 – Increa ...
Collapse of the California Current During Glacial Maxima Linked to
... from the same cores, the offset cannot be an artifact of correlation. The precise time offset depends on the age model used, but the reader should note that the anomalies indicated by arrows in Fig. 2 are defined by a number of measurements and occur at similar positions relative to oxygen isotopic ...
... from the same cores, the offset cannot be an artifact of correlation. The precise time offset depends on the age model used, but the reader should note that the anomalies indicated by arrows in Fig. 2 are defined by a number of measurements and occur at similar positions relative to oxygen isotopic ...
Klimaschankungen seit 1700.
... In those dry years around 1830 and 1860 shipping problems increased and soon a lot of speculation began about the possible cause of the lower river-water levels. In most cases the increasing practice of deforestation was found to be the source. Now we know better: it is because of climatic changes. ...
... In those dry years around 1830 and 1860 shipping problems increased and soon a lot of speculation began about the possible cause of the lower river-water levels. In most cases the increasing practice of deforestation was found to be the source. Now we know better: it is because of climatic changes. ...
Atmospheric circulation and hydroclimate impacts of alternative
... droplet radius takes its default value (8 µm over land and 14 µm over ocean). Various aspects of this simulation have been previously described in Caballero and Huber (2010) and Caballero and Huber (2013). In the LCTC simulation, CO2 takes its pre-industrial value of 280 ppm while cloud droplet radi ...
... droplet radius takes its default value (8 µm over land and 14 µm over ocean). Various aspects of this simulation have been previously described in Caballero and Huber (2010) and Caballero and Huber (2013). In the LCTC simulation, CO2 takes its pre-industrial value of 280 ppm while cloud droplet radi ...
here - MtnClim 2016
... The 2016 Mountain Climate Conference will continue the tradition of excellence established by over a decade of MtnClim meetings by working at the intersection of climate and a host of other scientific disciplines including hydrology, ecology, and glaciology. The 7th Mountain Climate Conference will ...
... The 2016 Mountain Climate Conference will continue the tradition of excellence established by over a decade of MtnClim meetings by working at the intersection of climate and a host of other scientific disciplines including hydrology, ecology, and glaciology. The 7th Mountain Climate Conference will ...
Powerpoint - Oceanclimate.de
... The factors related to quantity, aggregate, and temperature of water is the most influential ones. In every respect the sea governs the global natural ...
... The factors related to quantity, aggregate, and temperature of water is the most influential ones. In every respect the sea governs the global natural ...
Influence of Ocean and Atmosphere Components on
... descend the stair-step topography, which might impact its simulation of meridional overturning and the response of the overturning to climate change (Winton et al. 1998). This concern has motivated the development of bottom boundary layer parameterizations for depth coordinate models (Legg et al. 20 ...
... descend the stair-step topography, which might impact its simulation of meridional overturning and the response of the overturning to climate change (Winton et al. 1998). This concern has motivated the development of bottom boundary layer parameterizations for depth coordinate models (Legg et al. 20 ...
pub02_GulfEcosystem_met_climate
... delay of about 50 years, mainly because of the ocean’s thermal inertia. Thus, since the beginning of this century Earth’s mean temperature has risen by about 0.5o C, and at current levels of CO2 release, the final temperature increase for expected levels of release is expected to be 2o C in this cen ...
... delay of about 50 years, mainly because of the ocean’s thermal inertia. Thus, since the beginning of this century Earth’s mean temperature has risen by about 0.5o C, and at current levels of CO2 release, the final temperature increase for expected levels of release is expected to be 2o C in this cen ...
Air Pollution, Climate Disruption, and Ozone Depletion
... – Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless gas. • About 93% of the CO2 in the atmosphere is the result of the natural carbon cycle. • The rest comes from human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of CO2absorbing forests and grasslands. • Until recently CO2 has not ...
... – Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless gas. • About 93% of the CO2 in the atmosphere is the result of the natural carbon cycle. • The rest comes from human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of CO2absorbing forests and grasslands. • Until recently CO2 has not ...
Reducing the Impact of Global Warming on Wildlife
... Bleaching events have now become an annual occurrence in many parts of the world. Current estimates in the Indo-Pacific ocean region indicate a loss of more than half the coral cover in the last 30 to 40 years. A most disturbing result of recent studies is the realization that ...
... Bleaching events have now become an annual occurrence in many parts of the world. Current estimates in the Indo-Pacific ocean region indicate a loss of more than half the coral cover in the last 30 to 40 years. A most disturbing result of recent studies is the realization that ...
Li_Historical Possibilities
... A necessary political condition for these costs to be sufficiently low is a world-system that consists of multiple, competing political structures. Thus, capitalism must be an interstate system or the capitalist world-economy. The states in the capitalist world-economy have been organized in a three ...
... A necessary political condition for these costs to be sufficiently low is a world-system that consists of multiple, competing political structures. Thus, capitalism must be an interstate system or the capitalist world-economy. The states in the capitalist world-economy have been organized in a three ...
the sahel is greening - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... There were vegetation increases in areas where rainfall was decreasing, suggesting another factor was responsible for the greening in these areas.16 This other factor might have been the rise of atmospheric CO2 levels. The aerial fertilization effect of the ongoing rise in the air’s CO2 concentratio ...
... There were vegetation increases in areas where rainfall was decreasing, suggesting another factor was responsible for the greening in these areas.16 This other factor might have been the rise of atmospheric CO2 levels. The aerial fertilization effect of the ongoing rise in the air’s CO2 concentratio ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.