lesson 1 materials
... As the lake dried up, fisheries and the communities that depended on them collapsed. The increasingly salty water became polluted with fertilizer and pesticides. The blowing dust from the exposed lakebed, contaminated with agricultural chemicals, became a public health hazard. The salty dust blew of ...
... As the lake dried up, fisheries and the communities that depended on them collapsed. The increasingly salty water became polluted with fertilizer and pesticides. The blowing dust from the exposed lakebed, contaminated with agricultural chemicals, became a public health hazard. The salty dust blew of ...
Supplement
... NOx emissions and associated impacts on tropospheric ozone under climate change in these simulations. Inserted (P5, L25-27): "Emissions of NOx from lightning (LNOx) are parameterised as a function of cloud-top height (Price and Rind, 1992, 1994) and thus, can vary with changes in convection (Banerje ...
... NOx emissions and associated impacts on tropospheric ozone under climate change in these simulations. Inserted (P5, L25-27): "Emissions of NOx from lightning (LNOx) are parameterised as a function of cloud-top height (Price and Rind, 1992, 1994) and thus, can vary with changes in convection (Banerje ...
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Drivers, Needs
... Representative of Regional Specialist Climate Change Mitigation, UNDP-GEF Meister Consultants Group J-CCCP Inception Workshop Jan 26-27, 2016 Barbados ...
... Representative of Regional Specialist Climate Change Mitigation, UNDP-GEF Meister Consultants Group J-CCCP Inception Workshop Jan 26-27, 2016 Barbados ...
NSW and ACT Regional Climate Model: Project scope
... number of dynamical global climate models (GCMs) that were selected because of their skill in modelling major climate variables for this region of the globe1. GCMs are based on physical processes (e.g. how solar radiation, the atmosphere, land and oceans interact to generate weather and climate) and ...
... number of dynamical global climate models (GCMs) that were selected because of their skill in modelling major climate variables for this region of the globe1. GCMs are based on physical processes (e.g. how solar radiation, the atmosphere, land and oceans interact to generate weather and climate) and ...
PDF
... 2010); process-based models are often unavailable for important crops (Müller et al., 2011); and models are normally unable to adequately capture the complex and dynamic cropping systems present on most African farms (Hijmans & Graham, 2006; Thuiller et al., 2004; Müller et al., 2010). Of particular ...
... 2010); process-based models are often unavailable for important crops (Müller et al., 2011); and models are normally unable to adequately capture the complex and dynamic cropping systems present on most African farms (Hijmans & Graham, 2006; Thuiller et al., 2004; Müller et al., 2010). Of particular ...
Private firms` adaptation to climate change within the context of
... changes in the external business environment. Item (F) of the completed pitch template addresses many dimensions of the data: country settings, unit of Analysis, sampling, and data sources. Item (G) of the completed pitch template comments on the anticipated toolkit. In case of the pitching research ...
... changes in the external business environment. Item (F) of the completed pitch template addresses many dimensions of the data: country settings, unit of Analysis, sampling, and data sources. Item (G) of the completed pitch template comments on the anticipated toolkit. In case of the pitching research ...
chapter
... 228.1 cm (89.8 in.) during an average year, whereas students at the university in Karachi, Pakistan, measure only 20.4 cm (8 in.) of rain over an entire year. Climates greatly influence ecosystems, the natural, selfregulating communities formed by plants and animals in their nonliving environment. O ...
... 228.1 cm (89.8 in.) during an average year, whereas students at the university in Karachi, Pakistan, measure only 20.4 cm (8 in.) of rain over an entire year. Climates greatly influence ecosystems, the natural, selfregulating communities formed by plants and animals in their nonliving environment. O ...
Links between the Built Environment, Climate and Population Health
... with long-term increases in mean annual surface temperatures of the earth’s atmosphere, increased climate variability and projected increases in extreme weather events expressed differentially across the planet.4 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report projects ...
... with long-term increases in mean annual surface temperatures of the earth’s atmosphere, increased climate variability and projected increases in extreme weather events expressed differentially across the planet.4 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report projects ...
4_4_Human_health_revised_checked - Eionet Forum
... surges (see Subsection Error! Reference source not found.) have impacts on human health (Kirch et al., 2005; Confalonieri et al., 2007; EEA, 2011a). However, human vulnerability to extreme weather events is determined by a complex set of factors. Evidence suggests that globally, climate change has ...
... surges (see Subsection Error! Reference source not found.) have impacts on human health (Kirch et al., 2005; Confalonieri et al., 2007; EEA, 2011a). However, human vulnerability to extreme weather events is determined by a complex set of factors. Evidence suggests that globally, climate change has ...
Land-use and carbon cycle responses
... reduced precipitation typically have negative impacts on crop yields, while rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations stimulate photosynthesis in C3 crops (CO2 fertilization) and improve water use efficiency in all crops14–16. The net effect on crop productivity depends on the prevailing climatic condit ...
... reduced precipitation typically have negative impacts on crop yields, while rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations stimulate photosynthesis in C3 crops (CO2 fertilization) and improve water use efficiency in all crops14–16. The net effect on crop productivity depends on the prevailing climatic condit ...
OPEN CLIMATE LETTER TO UN SECRETARY
... new normal … Our challenge remains, clear and urgent: to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, to strengthen adaptation to … even larger climate shocks … and to reach a legally binding climate agreement by 2015 … This should be one of the main lessons of Hurricane Sandy.” On November 13 you said at Yale: ...
... new normal … Our challenge remains, clear and urgent: to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, to strengthen adaptation to … even larger climate shocks … and to reach a legally binding climate agreement by 2015 … This should be one of the main lessons of Hurricane Sandy.” On November 13 you said at Yale: ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – native species
... 3. Data sources and availability of data ........................................................................................................................ 6 4. Broadscale changes in distribution of major biological groups ....................................................................... ...
... 3. Data sources and availability of data ........................................................................................................................ 6 4. Broadscale changes in distribution of major biological groups ....................................................................... ...
Lesson 4. Energy in
... of the powerful Eyjafjallajökull eruption, but it’s safe to say that we may continue to see its effects in the years to come. This lesson explores how different features of land and air, such as atmospheric ash particles emitted by a volcano, affect the amount of energy that is entering and leaving ...
... of the powerful Eyjafjallajökull eruption, but it’s safe to say that we may continue to see its effects in the years to come. This lesson explores how different features of land and air, such as atmospheric ash particles emitted by a volcano, affect the amount of energy that is entering and leaving ...
Climate –carbon cycle feedback analysis, results from the C MIP
... The UMD Coupled-Atmosphere-Biosphere-Ocean (CABO) model is an Earth system model with simplified physical climate components including the global version of the atmospheric model QTCM (Neelin and Zeng 2000; Zeng et al. 2000), the Simple-Land model (Zeng et al. 2000), and a slab mixed-layer ocean mo ...
... The UMD Coupled-Atmosphere-Biosphere-Ocean (CABO) model is an Earth system model with simplified physical climate components including the global version of the atmospheric model QTCM (Neelin and Zeng 2000; Zeng et al. 2000), the Simple-Land model (Zeng et al. 2000), and a slab mixed-layer ocean mo ...
Climate and Climate Change
... B) Emerging temperature data indicates that warming in the past few decades exceeds that of the past 400 years C) Certain sites during the Medieval Warming Period may have been as warm as it is currently D) Most locations during the Medieval Warming Period were not as warm as today E) Climatologists ...
... B) Emerging temperature data indicates that warming in the past few decades exceeds that of the past 400 years C) Certain sites during the Medieval Warming Period may have been as warm as it is currently D) Most locations during the Medieval Warming Period were not as warm as today E) Climatologists ...
14 Climate change: science and the precautionary principle
... (CFCs) and the ozone-hole, X-rays and acid rain. This decision was taken despite the then widespread acceptance that 'the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate' (IPCC, 1995a). Over a decade later and after two more reviews by the Intergovernmental Panel on Clim ...
... (CFCs) and the ozone-hole, X-rays and acid rain. This decision was taken despite the then widespread acceptance that 'the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate' (IPCC, 1995a). Over a decade later and after two more reviews by the Intergovernmental Panel on Clim ...
A normative account of dangerous climate change
... The central objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) “is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interferenc ...
... The central objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) “is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interferenc ...
... expense of another (e.g., trade-off between growth and reproduction). Furthermore, phenotypic variation can strongly influence biological interactions within a community, often in complex and counterintuitive ways (70, 71). Phenotypic plasticity is common in a broad range of plant and animal taxa, y ...
Aasprang.Brita.Envir..
... of Iceland, Reykjavik. Working group: Environment, risk and expertise . ...
... of Iceland, Reykjavik. Working group: Environment, risk and expertise . ...
post-print version of article
... industry through voluntary agreements to promote technology development and reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the U.S. economy. This approach was also at the core of the Bush administration’s international climate strategy. Even though the Bush administration participated in the UN-based negoti ...
... industry through voluntary agreements to promote technology development and reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the U.S. economy. This approach was also at the core of the Bush administration’s international climate strategy. Even though the Bush administration participated in the UN-based negoti ...
Climate Scientists Respond
... as positive, and shifting increasingly towards the negative the higher that CO2 concentrations rise. Rising CO2 fertilization of productivity (and of carbon sequestration) of forests, grasslands, savannas of the world is also likely to be less than previously anticipated from overly simplistic model ...
... as positive, and shifting increasingly towards the negative the higher that CO2 concentrations rise. Rising CO2 fertilization of productivity (and of carbon sequestration) of forests, grasslands, savannas of the world is also likely to be less than previously anticipated from overly simplistic model ...
Potential impacts of climate change on Northeast
... species in different ways. For instance, changing physical conditions (sea surface temperature, currents, and salinity) will alter the biomass abundance of species in our study areas (Cheung et al., 2009), whereas ocean acidification is likely to act through different physiological pathways, such as ...
... species in different ways. For instance, changing physical conditions (sea surface temperature, currents, and salinity) will alter the biomass abundance of species in our study areas (Cheung et al., 2009), whereas ocean acidification is likely to act through different physiological pathways, such as ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.