ADDENDUM: Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States AD
... Warming over this century is likely to be near the low end of the range specified in the various reports of the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Scaling the IPCC’s midrange computer models with observed climate changes yields a warming of approximately 2.9°F. The glo ...
... Warming over this century is likely to be near the low end of the range specified in the various reports of the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Scaling the IPCC’s midrange computer models with observed climate changes yields a warming of approximately 2.9°F. The glo ...
Climate Change, Mean Sea Level and High Tides in the Bay of Fundy
... were included at all locations, and a harmonic term sin(2ωt) was included at Portland, Eastport and Saint John. Autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation plots of the residual deviations of the best fitting models suggest a variety of structures (white noise at Portland; approximate white noise at ...
... were included at all locations, and a harmonic term sin(2ωt) was included at Portland, Eastport and Saint John. Autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation plots of the residual deviations of the best fitting models suggest a variety of structures (white noise at Portland; approximate white noise at ...
report on adaptation challenges in pacific island countries
... fish harvest in the Pacific region. For example, the 1997-1998 El Niño event saw a significant westward shift of major tuna stocks. Increased incidence of bad weather is likely to increase costs of ocean fishing due to safety considerations and lost days at sea. Increased acidification of the oceans ...
... fish harvest in the Pacific region. For example, the 1997-1998 El Niño event saw a significant westward shift of major tuna stocks. Increased incidence of bad weather is likely to increase costs of ocean fishing due to safety considerations and lost days at sea. Increased acidification of the oceans ...
PDF
... into three categories: building specific adaptive capacity, anticipatory adaptation, and reactive adaptation. Specific adaptive capacity accounts for the investments dedicated to facilitate adaptation activities, such as improvement of meteorological services, early warning systems, the development ...
... into three categories: building specific adaptive capacity, anticipatory adaptation, and reactive adaptation. Specific adaptive capacity accounts for the investments dedicated to facilitate adaptation activities, such as improvement of meteorological services, early warning systems, the development ...
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Nunavut Setting the
... III. Climate Change in Nunavut........................................................................................................10 Changes in Temperature ............................................................................................................................10 Changes in ...
... III. Climate Change in Nunavut........................................................................................................10 Changes in Temperature ............................................................................................................................10 Changes in ...
KWP 1808
... pre-industrial levels. In order to reach the 2°C target with a probability of more than 50% global greenhouse gas emissions need be to be cut about 35-55% by 2050 compared to the emissions level in 1990 (Rogelj et al., 2011). By 2005, about 50% of the anthropogenic greenhouse gases accumulated in th ...
... pre-industrial levels. In order to reach the 2°C target with a probability of more than 50% global greenhouse gas emissions need be to be cut about 35-55% by 2050 compared to the emissions level in 1990 (Rogelj et al., 2011). By 2005, about 50% of the anthropogenic greenhouse gases accumulated in th ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Plant Growth, Ecosystem Services
... the future changes in climate that will occur. Agriculture is one of the sectors, which are both sensitive to global warming (e.g. through, atmospheric temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, sea level and humidity) and contributes to climate change. In response to changes in climate, through pra ...
... the future changes in climate that will occur. Agriculture is one of the sectors, which are both sensitive to global warming (e.g. through, atmospheric temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, sea level and humidity) and contributes to climate change. In response to changes in climate, through pra ...
Physical and chemical consequences of artificially deepened
... The thermal regime and stratification of lakes is one of the key factors in lake ecosystems determining ecosystem structure and function at all trophic levels (e.g. Schindler et al., 1996a; Xenopoulus and Schindler, 2001). Main components include the efficiency of nutrient recycling (Fee et al., 199 ...
... The thermal regime and stratification of lakes is one of the key factors in lake ecosystems determining ecosystem structure and function at all trophic levels (e.g. Schindler et al., 1996a; Xenopoulus and Schindler, 2001). Main components include the efficiency of nutrient recycling (Fee et al., 199 ...
The impact of climate change is one of the biggest and most complicated challenges facing society today
... solution to this dilemma by facilitating less costly reductions in carbon emissions through the continued use of fossil fuels. Despite significant experience with storage of CO2 and other substances in underground reservoirs, there is substantial uncertainty regarding how much CO2 such reservoirs ca ...
... solution to this dilemma by facilitating less costly reductions in carbon emissions through the continued use of fossil fuels. Despite significant experience with storage of CO2 and other substances in underground reservoirs, there is substantial uncertainty regarding how much CO2 such reservoirs ca ...
Modeled current and future soil thermal regime for northeast Canada
... desirable for a number of reasons including assessments of possible ecosystem responses and impacts on man-made infrastructures. Such an evaluation of changes in the soil thermal regime for northeastern Canada is presented in this paper using a one-dimensional heat conduction model. Projected change ...
... desirable for a number of reasons including assessments of possible ecosystem responses and impacts on man-made infrastructures. Such an evaluation of changes in the soil thermal regime for northeastern Canada is presented in this paper using a one-dimensional heat conduction model. Projected change ...
Forest growth and species distribution in a changing climate
... In C3 species at low CO2 concentration, photosynthesis is limited by Rubisco activity, which shows little response to temperature because effects on maximum capacity and the Michaelis-Menten constant for CO2 largely cancel each other out (Kirschbaum and Farquhar 1984). At high CO2 concentration, on ...
... In C3 species at low CO2 concentration, photosynthesis is limited by Rubisco activity, which shows little response to temperature because effects on maximum capacity and the Michaelis-Menten constant for CO2 largely cancel each other out (Kirschbaum and Farquhar 1984). At high CO2 concentration, on ...
Climate Change Aspects in Agriculture
... access to safe drinking water in some areas. The expected changes in climate, such as increasing temperature, decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme events, will intensify these issues and impede development. Integrating climate change into development goals ...
... access to safe drinking water in some areas. The expected changes in climate, such as increasing temperature, decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme events, will intensify these issues and impede development. Integrating climate change into development goals ...
Climate change and agriculture: Agricultural trade, markets and
... of climate change on agricultural production indicate that there will be negative effects on crop yields over the next century. Some models predict that there will be an estimated 600 million additional people at risk of hunger if temperatures increase by 3° C (Warren et al., 2006), particularly in ...
... of climate change on agricultural production indicate that there will be negative effects on crop yields over the next century. Some models predict that there will be an estimated 600 million additional people at risk of hunger if temperatures increase by 3° C (Warren et al., 2006), particularly in ...
Scenario
... Scenarios (SRES 2000) to project future climate change from 1990 (the base year for each scenario) through 2100. The dominant characteristics of the “storylines” used in the SRES are shown in Table 1. These characteristics describe the demographic, technological, economic and social trajectories dri ...
... Scenarios (SRES 2000) to project future climate change from 1990 (the base year for each scenario) through 2100. The dominant characteristics of the “storylines” used in the SRES are shown in Table 1. These characteristics describe the demographic, technological, economic and social trajectories dri ...
Mitigation of What and by What? Adaptation by Whom and
... Beyond the historical nature of this duality, the structural underpinnings of climate change are also critical for identifying appropriate processes for a move from “business as usual”. A move towards reasonable equity requires both an understanding of which factors led to the current crisis and whi ...
... Beyond the historical nature of this duality, the structural underpinnings of climate change are also critical for identifying appropriate processes for a move from “business as usual”. A move towards reasonable equity requires both an understanding of which factors led to the current crisis and whi ...
FOOD, FOSSIL FUELS AND FILTHY FINANCE 191 OXFAM BRIEFING PAPER 17 OCTOBER 2014
... low-carbon economies globally. Governments around the world are beginning to wake up to this reality – President Obama recently announced new rules to cut emissions from power plants by 30 percent by 2030; the European Union is currently negotiating a „climate and energy package‟ with new emission r ...
... low-carbon economies globally. Governments around the world are beginning to wake up to this reality – President Obama recently announced new rules to cut emissions from power plants by 30 percent by 2030; the European Union is currently negotiating a „climate and energy package‟ with new emission r ...
2015 Issue - Northwest Climate Science Center
... The Northwest benefits from strong institutional and scientific alignment of the federal regional climate organizations: the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Regional Integrated Science and Assessment, known as the Pacific Northwest Climate Impacts Research Consortium (CIRC); the De ...
... The Northwest benefits from strong institutional and scientific alignment of the federal regional climate organizations: the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Regional Integrated Science and Assessment, known as the Pacific Northwest Climate Impacts Research Consortium (CIRC); the De ...
Now You “Sea” Ice, Now You Don`t
... ISBN 978-1-933531-23-6 1. Climatic changes--Study and teaching (Secondary) 2. Human ecology--Study and teaching (Secondary) 3. Climatic changes--Study and teaching (Secondary)--Activity programs. I. Sandro, Luke H. II. Lee, Richard E. III. Title. QC981.8.C5C697 2008 577.2’20712--dc22 ...
... ISBN 978-1-933531-23-6 1. Climatic changes--Study and teaching (Secondary) 2. Human ecology--Study and teaching (Secondary) 3. Climatic changes--Study and teaching (Secondary)--Activity programs. I. Sandro, Luke H. II. Lee, Richard E. III. Title. QC981.8.C5C697 2008 577.2’20712--dc22 ...
climate-change scepticism and asserted rights to private property
... regrettable reality is that some universal rights, such as the right to be treated with dignity and freedom of speech, are in practice derivatives of private property rights applying to one’s own body - ‘derivative rights’ in Harvey’s own words (Harvey 2003, p. 940). This suggests a common ontologi ...
... regrettable reality is that some universal rights, such as the right to be treated with dignity and freedom of speech, are in practice derivatives of private property rights applying to one’s own body - ‘derivative rights’ in Harvey’s own words (Harvey 2003, p. 940). This suggests a common ontologi ...
University of Groningen Local cooling, global warming Hekkenberg, M
... Seventhly, because of the existence of natural processes there are additional options to reduce GHG concentration in the atmosphere, that do not exist in case of ODS. Stimulating the natural CO2-uptake may potentially compensate GHG emissions, whereas it is virtually impossible to recapture ODS on a ...
... Seventhly, because of the existence of natural processes there are additional options to reduce GHG concentration in the atmosphere, that do not exist in case of ODS. Stimulating the natural CO2-uptake may potentially compensate GHG emissions, whereas it is virtually impossible to recapture ODS on a ...
Engaging state officials and agencies to advocate for landmark
... starting “The August 2013 Indicators…” into the bulleted list of impacts on page 39. Page 39, 4th bullet: The following sentence needs a citation: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that 20-30% of the plant and animal species evaluated so far in climate change studies ar ...
... starting “The August 2013 Indicators…” into the bulleted list of impacts on page 39. Page 39, 4th bullet: The following sentence needs a citation: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that 20-30% of the plant and animal species evaluated so far in climate change studies ar ...
Projected poleward shift of king penguins
... Numerous studies have pointed out the role of seabirds as convenient indicators of change in marine ecosystems because they are sensitive to physical and biological changes at several spatial and temporal scales [18,19]. Demographic studies have shown that seabird populations of the Southern Ocean h ...
... Numerous studies have pointed out the role of seabirds as convenient indicators of change in marine ecosystems because they are sensitive to physical and biological changes at several spatial and temporal scales [18,19]. Demographic studies have shown that seabird populations of the Southern Ocean h ...
Building Climate Resilience in the Blue Nile/Abay Highlands: A Role
... conditions in the BNH will deteriorate in coming decades, given a changing climate that could well bring more frequent drought and more intense precipitation events to the region [1]. This is expected to take place in tandem with continued population growth and the potential for external land use pr ...
... conditions in the BNH will deteriorate in coming decades, given a changing climate that could well bring more frequent drought and more intense precipitation events to the region [1]. This is expected to take place in tandem with continued population growth and the potential for external land use pr ...
Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Coastal Zone Management
... which depend on a healthy coastal environment. Policies to reduce greenhouse gases could lead to the development of alternative renewable energy sources some of which could be generated along the coast from tides, waves or wind. Much of the nation’s coastal resources have already been destroyed, dam ...
... which depend on a healthy coastal environment. Policies to reduce greenhouse gases could lead to the development of alternative renewable energy sources some of which could be generated along the coast from tides, waves or wind. Much of the nation’s coastal resources have already been destroyed, dam ...
Pluralising climate change solutions? Views held and voiced by
... “the elements of a deliberative system can be discerned, even if only in putative or compromised form” (Dryzek and Stevenson, 2011, pp. 1873). Their study provides a first assessment of climate discourses voiced at climate change side-events. They conclude that the range of perspectives, some of whic ...
... “the elements of a deliberative system can be discerned, even if only in putative or compromised form” (Dryzek and Stevenson, 2011, pp. 1873). Their study provides a first assessment of climate discourses voiced at climate change side-events. They conclude that the range of perspectives, some of whic ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.