Autumn, the neglected season in climate change
... interest. Other autumn phenomena such as amphibian dormancy and bud formation remain less studied and poorly understood. Despite the relative neglect of autumn, ecologists have made important progress in understanding the drivers of autumn phenology and the effects of climate change on autumn events ...
... interest. Other autumn phenomena such as amphibian dormancy and bud formation remain less studied and poorly understood. Despite the relative neglect of autumn, ecologists have made important progress in understanding the drivers of autumn phenology and the effects of climate change on autumn events ...
Climate Change and Existing Law: A Survey Robert Meltz Legislative Attorney
... account of climate change and government responses thereto. At the threshold of many climate-change-related lawsuits are two barriers—whether the plaintiff has standing to sue and whether the claim being made presents a political question. Both barriers have forced courts to apply amorphous standard ...
... account of climate change and government responses thereto. At the threshold of many climate-change-related lawsuits are two barriers—whether the plaintiff has standing to sue and whether the claim being made presents a political question. Both barriers have forced courts to apply amorphous standard ...
Adapting ecosystems to climate change
... waters in south-east and west Australia are already substantially higher than the global average warming rate (Figure 1). Sea surface temperatures in south-east Australian waters are projected to be at least 2.5ºC warmer by 2100. The East Australian Current (EAC) is expected to continue to increase ...
... waters in south-east and west Australia are already substantially higher than the global average warming rate (Figure 1). Sea surface temperatures in south-east Australian waters are projected to be at least 2.5ºC warmer by 2100. The East Australian Current (EAC) is expected to continue to increase ...
Temperature-induced mismatches between
... A3). Increasing M:C indicates higher metabolic demand relative to consumption. This ratio does not indicate ingestion efficiency, as the units are in standard deviations, but expresses the relative strengths of metabolism and consumption. We regressed M:C against temperature and also regressed growth ...
... A3). Increasing M:C indicates higher metabolic demand relative to consumption. This ratio does not indicate ingestion efficiency, as the units are in standard deviations, but expresses the relative strengths of metabolism and consumption. We regressed M:C against temperature and also regressed growth ...
Deliverable 2B.1
... change effects on global food trade. Indeed, some data on country-level output are available as part of the global studies. The combined model and scenario experiments demonstrate that the world, for the most part, appears to be able to continue to feed itself under the different climate and socio-e ...
... change effects on global food trade. Indeed, some data on country-level output are available as part of the global studies. The combined model and scenario experiments demonstrate that the world, for the most part, appears to be able to continue to feed itself under the different climate and socio-e ...
For Peer Review - Climate Access
... sign is at one at the same time a symptom (indicator, index) by virtue of its dependence on the sender (whose internal state it expresses), a signal by virtue of its appeal to the recipient (whose behaviour it controls), and a symbol by virtue of its assignment to the objects and states of affairs ( ...
... sign is at one at the same time a symptom (indicator, index) by virtue of its dependence on the sender (whose internal state it expresses), a signal by virtue of its appeal to the recipient (whose behaviour it controls), and a symbol by virtue of its assignment to the objects and states of affairs ( ...
Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
... Warmer springs and falls would likely increase the climatic attractiveness of the Midwest as an ORT venue for activities such as camping, boating and kayaking in these seasons. Certain activities are already available on a year-round basis and the settings for those activities are prepared for visit ...
... Warmer springs and falls would likely increase the climatic attractiveness of the Midwest as an ORT venue for activities such as camping, boating and kayaking in these seasons. Certain activities are already available on a year-round basis and the settings for those activities are prepared for visit ...
Cooperation on Climate-Change Mitigation
... supports an efficient solution is similar to that in previous studies that analyze cooperation in a dynamic game of harvesting a common property resource (Polasky et al. 2006, Tarui et al. 2008). However, unlike a harvesting game in which a player can always guarantee non-negative payoffs terms of t ...
... supports an efficient solution is similar to that in previous studies that analyze cooperation in a dynamic game of harvesting a common property resource (Polasky et al. 2006, Tarui et al. 2008). However, unlike a harvesting game in which a player can always guarantee non-negative payoffs terms of t ...
Consequences of treeline shifts for the diversity and
... climate, little attention has been devoted to gaining an understanding of the impacts that this change in species distribution is likely to have in ecosystems occurring at and above the current tree limit. Forest advance into alpine areas will have profound effects on ecosystem structure and functio ...
... climate, little attention has been devoted to gaining an understanding of the impacts that this change in species distribution is likely to have in ecosystems occurring at and above the current tree limit. Forest advance into alpine areas will have profound effects on ecosystem structure and functio ...
(Un)Natural Disasters: Communicating Linkages Between Extreme
... record. Finally, climate models must be able to accurately simulate and reproduce the relevant class of extreme event. In several studies, these three factors have aligned and attribution statements have had a high level of confidence. For example, there is great clarity and confidence in attributin ...
... record. Finally, climate models must be able to accurately simulate and reproduce the relevant class of extreme event. In several studies, these three factors have aligned and attribution statements have had a high level of confidence. For example, there is great clarity and confidence in attributin ...
Author's personal copy On the use
... actions to take in the face of climate challenges. But in making the intangible tangible, climate imagery can also paralyse and demobilise. In making climate change meaningful through imagery, communications can act to increase or decrease peoples’ sense of both issue salience (whether climate chang ...
... actions to take in the face of climate challenges. But in making the intangible tangible, climate imagery can also paralyse and demobilise. In making climate change meaningful through imagery, communications can act to increase or decrease peoples’ sense of both issue salience (whether climate chang ...
pdf
... *Baseline period for sea level rise is 2000-2004. Based on 35 GCMs and two Representative Concentration Pathways. Data are from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Version 2 (Menne et al ...
... *Baseline period for sea level rise is 2000-2004. Based on 35 GCMs and two Representative Concentration Pathways. Data are from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN), Version 2 (Menne et al ...
NO REASON TO WAIT: REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS
... lagged far behind the urgency of the problem as articulated by scientists and borne out in the real world. In the past five years, this mismatch has reached frightening proportions, with Arctic sea ice and glaciers rapidly retreating, rising and acidifying seas, stronger storms, more frequent and in ...
... lagged far behind the urgency of the problem as articulated by scientists and borne out in the real world. In the past five years, this mismatch has reached frightening proportions, with Arctic sea ice and glaciers rapidly retreating, rising and acidifying seas, stronger storms, more frequent and in ...
Disaster risk reduction or climate change adaptation: Are we
... Whilst some have experienced losses, other communities have adequately recovered through ‘building back better’ or ‘building back safer’ (for further discussion on these terms see Kennedy et al., 2008). Additionally, disaster risk reduction (DRR) policies and strategies are well established within t ...
... Whilst some have experienced losses, other communities have adequately recovered through ‘building back better’ or ‘building back safer’ (for further discussion on these terms see Kennedy et al., 2008). Additionally, disaster risk reduction (DRR) policies and strategies are well established within t ...
PDF
... appropriate weather factors affecting crop growth. In the literature, temperature and precipitation have been demonstrated to have significant impacts on crop yields. Agronomically, high temperature would affect soil moisture levels which could decrease crop yields if irrigation water supply is not ...
... appropriate weather factors affecting crop growth. In the literature, temperature and precipitation have been demonstrated to have significant impacts on crop yields. Agronomically, high temperature would affect soil moisture levels which could decrease crop yields if irrigation water supply is not ...
Tuvalu and Climate Change in the Sydney Morning
... considerable climate change risks according to synthesis of climate change research conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The possibility of sea level rise occurring in Tuvalu, in particular, has generated considerable political and public debate. Participants in this de ...
... considerable climate change risks according to synthesis of climate change research conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The possibility of sea level rise occurring in Tuvalu, in particular, has generated considerable political and public debate. Participants in this de ...
S TAT E O F T H E WO R... Into a Warming World 2 0
... techniques, and the pollution of water around coral reefs in South Asia have made them more vulnerable to cyclones and warmer sea temperatures. In this sense, social resilience to climate change may sometimes be at odds with ecological resilience: human adaptive strategies for socioeconomic developm ...
... techniques, and the pollution of water around coral reefs in South Asia have made them more vulnerable to cyclones and warmer sea temperatures. In this sense, social resilience to climate change may sometimes be at odds with ecological resilience: human adaptive strategies for socioeconomic developm ...
Shaping National Climate Change Legislation in Uganda, May 2015
... attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alter the composition of the global atmosphere. This change in climate conditions is in addition to natural climate variability, observed over comparable time periods. Human activity has been found to be responsible for the increase in greenho ...
... attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alter the composition of the global atmosphere. This change in climate conditions is in addition to natural climate variability, observed over comparable time periods. Human activity has been found to be responsible for the increase in greenho ...
Science Communication
... of the modern environmental movement during the 1960s, these institutions absorbed the conservation ethic and promoted it in their programs (Davis, 1996). Barrett (2011) notes museums’ historical importance as public institutions involved in the political process. She reworks Habermas’s (1989) notio ...
... of the modern environmental movement during the 1960s, these institutions absorbed the conservation ethic and promoted it in their programs (Davis, 1996). Barrett (2011) notes museums’ historical importance as public institutions involved in the political process. She reworks Habermas’s (1989) notio ...
Annex II Risk profile outline
... frequency and severity of ozone-depletion in the Arctic, as well as cloudiness and extent of snow and ice cover (ACIA 2005). The UV-radiation levels are increasing due to increased ozone-depletion, and the exposure of biota to UV-radiation increases because of decreasing ice- and snow cover in the A ...
... frequency and severity of ozone-depletion in the Arctic, as well as cloudiness and extent of snow and ice cover (ACIA 2005). The UV-radiation levels are increasing due to increased ozone-depletion, and the exposure of biota to UV-radiation increases because of decreasing ice- and snow cover in the A ...
PDF
... Farmers’ net returns depend not only on the biophysical conditions and thus crop yield changes that results from climate change, but also on the cost of production and products’ market prices (Lobell et al. 2008). The economies of scale has led to an overall expansion tendency in agricultural produ ...
... Farmers’ net returns depend not only on the biophysical conditions and thus crop yield changes that results from climate change, but also on the cost of production and products’ market prices (Lobell et al. 2008). The economies of scale has led to an overall expansion tendency in agricultural produ ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.