- Opus
... global warming treatment in the field. We find that plants exposed to elevated temperatures flower earlier, as predicted by photothermal models. However, contrary to life-history trade-off expectations, they also flower at a larger vegetative size, suggesting that warming probably causes acceleratio ...
... global warming treatment in the field. We find that plants exposed to elevated temperatures flower earlier, as predicted by photothermal models. However, contrary to life-history trade-off expectations, they also flower at a larger vegetative size, suggesting that warming probably causes acceleratio ...
Reef-Guardians-2016-Year-10-Climate-change
... Gases in the Earth’s atmosphere trap some of the sun’s energy that would otherwise be radiated back into space. This is called the greenhouse effect. This effect keeps the Earth at a temperature suitable for life. Climate change results from an enhanced greenhouse effect. Increased levels of greenho ...
... Gases in the Earth’s atmosphere trap some of the sun’s energy that would otherwise be radiated back into space. This is called the greenhouse effect. This effect keeps the Earth at a temperature suitable for life. Climate change results from an enhanced greenhouse effect. Increased levels of greenho ...
Two Decades of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning
... circulation (AMOC)] is described in a 19-yr-long ocean-state estimate, one consistent with a diverse global dataset. Apart from a weak increasing trend at high northern latitudes, the AMOC appears statistically stable over the last 19 yr with fluctuations indistinguishable from those of a stationary ...
... circulation (AMOC)] is described in a 19-yr-long ocean-state estimate, one consistent with a diverse global dataset. Apart from a weak increasing trend at high northern latitudes, the AMOC appears statistically stable over the last 19 yr with fluctuations indistinguishable from those of a stationary ...
Chapter 9 Major commercial risks
... A thorough and detailed risk assessment is essential. Although site surveys by engineers are market practice for the individual risks of a commercial client, there is usually not enough attention to a site-specific natural perils analysis. Predominantly, a location’s natural-hazard exposure is class ...
... A thorough and detailed risk assessment is essential. Although site surveys by engineers are market practice for the individual risks of a commercial client, there is usually not enough attention to a site-specific natural perils analysis. Predominantly, a location’s natural-hazard exposure is class ...
Final Programme
... that affects them and – as such- needs to be taken seriously, the more rapidly the required mitigation and adaptation measures may be implemented. In this context, communication on climate change can play a key role. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has, in connection with its 5t ...
... that affects them and – as such- needs to be taken seriously, the more rapidly the required mitigation and adaptation measures may be implemented. In this context, communication on climate change can play a key role. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has, in connection with its 5t ...
Climate-change lore and its implications for
... future. Spencer(2009: no page number) ‘contend[sJ that the beliefin human-caused global warming as a dangerous event, either now or in the future, has most ofthe characteristics ofan urban legend. [. . .] But skillful storytelling has elevated the danger from a theoretical one to one of near-certain ...
... future. Spencer(2009: no page number) ‘contend[sJ that the beliefin human-caused global warming as a dangerous event, either now or in the future, has most ofthe characteristics ofan urban legend. [. . .] But skillful storytelling has elevated the danger from a theoretical one to one of near-certain ...
A Multi-Model Assessment of Regional Climate Disparities Caused
... Figure 8: The actual values of D (Equation 3) associated with the top and middle panels of Supplemental Figure 5. For each individual region, small values of D are achievable if only considering temperature. The same is true for precipitation in most, but not all, regions. ...
... Figure 8: The actual values of D (Equation 3) associated with the top and middle panels of Supplemental Figure 5. For each individual region, small values of D are achievable if only considering temperature. The same is true for precipitation in most, but not all, regions. ...
Climate Justice: Equity and Justice informing a new
... global problem, in a way that treats all people and countries fairly and ultimately prevents dangerous and irreversible climate change. Meeting in Durban, South Africa in late 2011, the international community launched a new round of talks designed to strengthen the multilateral, rules-based system ...
... global problem, in a way that treats all people and countries fairly and ultimately prevents dangerous and irreversible climate change. Meeting in Durban, South Africa in late 2011, the international community launched a new round of talks designed to strengthen the multilateral, rules-based system ...
full text - MODUL University Vienna
... fraction of the changes which have occurred over the past decades (Viner & Agnew, 1999, p. 3) Realizing and understanding these changes is only one side of the coin. The incorporation of this understanding into contemporary daily processes, however, poses the true challenge. (Davoudi, Crawford, & Me ...
... fraction of the changes which have occurred over the past decades (Viner & Agnew, 1999, p. 3) Realizing and understanding these changes is only one side of the coin. The incorporation of this understanding into contemporary daily processes, however, poses the true challenge. (Davoudi, Crawford, & Me ...
3. estimated financial impact of the proposal/initiative
... The European Council's guidance on including land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) into the EU's 2030 climate and energy framework is also reflected in the EU's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution. The EU announced that its target is "an economy-wide absolute reduction from base ye ...
... The European Council's guidance on including land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) into the EU's 2030 climate and energy framework is also reflected in the EU's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution. The EU announced that its target is "an economy-wide absolute reduction from base ye ...
Financing an efficient adaptation programme to climate change: A
... Organization (FAO, 2015) predicts that grain and maize yields could drop by up to 10% in South-East Asia by 2030 due to the poor rains and heatwave conditions. Similar findings have been reached by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) recent publications and reports (IPPC, 2014). On the ...
... Organization (FAO, 2015) predicts that grain and maize yields could drop by up to 10% in South-East Asia by 2030 due to the poor rains and heatwave conditions. Similar findings have been reached by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) recent publications and reports (IPPC, 2014). On the ...
Innovation in the realm of institutional complexity
... 2011: 317). Our research addresses how different logics influence upon the behavior, and the interaction and decision-making processes of the built community involved in climate adaptation and how the actors deal with the institutional complexity. We draw on case study research from Norway, a count ...
... 2011: 317). Our research addresses how different logics influence upon the behavior, and the interaction and decision-making processes of the built community involved in climate adaptation and how the actors deal with the institutional complexity. We draw on case study research from Norway, a count ...
GCOS Switzerland
... paper describes the GCOS implementation in Switzerland and highlights some major achievements over the last few years. The Swiss GCOS Office was established at the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in February 2006, to coordinate all climate-relevant measurements in Switzerlan ...
... paper describes the GCOS implementation in Switzerland and highlights some major achievements over the last few years. The Swiss GCOS Office was established at the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in February 2006, to coordinate all climate-relevant measurements in Switzerlan ...
ȱȱDZȱȱ¢ȱ ȱ£ȱ ȱ¢ȱ ȱŗśǰȱŘŖŖşȱ
... of Energy, No. 08-0311 (2d Cir. filed January 17, 2008), in which three states (NY, CN, MA) challenge the Department’s energy conservation standards for residential furnaces and boilers. Though we are given to understand that the climate change benefits of reducing fossil fuel consumption by such fu ...
... of Energy, No. 08-0311 (2d Cir. filed January 17, 2008), in which three states (NY, CN, MA) challenge the Department’s energy conservation standards for residential furnaces and boilers. Though we are given to understand that the climate change benefits of reducing fossil fuel consumption by such fu ...
Using the IPCC`s Assessment Report data and climate change
... Observed Changes and their Causes ...
... Observed Changes and their Causes ...
A comparison of local and aggregated climate model outputs with
... INTRODUCTION According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global circulation models (GCM) are able to “reproduce features of the past climates and climate changes” (Randall et al., 2007, p. 601). Here we test whether this is indeed the case. We examine how well several model ou ...
... INTRODUCTION According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global circulation models (GCM) are able to “reproduce features of the past climates and climate changes” (Randall et al., 2007, p. 601). Here we test whether this is indeed the case. We examine how well several model ou ...
22nd conference of parties to the united nations
... by further discussions during the International Dialogue on Migration3 and the IOM Council HighLevel Panel on Climate Migration4 parallel to the release of numerous institutional documents. In 2016, IOM Member States decided once again to address the question of migration, environment and climate ch ...
... by further discussions during the International Dialogue on Migration3 and the IOM Council HighLevel Panel on Climate Migration4 parallel to the release of numerous institutional documents. In 2016, IOM Member States decided once again to address the question of migration, environment and climate ch ...
Complex Life Cycles and the Responses of Insects to Climate Change
... approach (A. L. Angert et al., submitted for publication). These models strive to translate environmental conditions into physiological impacts on organisms (Bakken et al. 1985) and to incorporate organismal responses to temporal and spatial climate variations that are often averaged in ENMs (Helmut ...
... approach (A. L. Angert et al., submitted for publication). These models strive to translate environmental conditions into physiological impacts on organisms (Bakken et al. 1985) and to incorporate organismal responses to temporal and spatial climate variations that are often averaged in ENMs (Helmut ...
Towards Climate Change Resilient of Hail Haor, Sylhet:
... people of inhabited areas by adopting various development oriented programs. Co-management system is a situation where community people who use the resources are engaged in the management system with the government. The government promotes co-management for attaining some goals such as, increased fi ...
... people of inhabited areas by adopting various development oriented programs. Co-management system is a situation where community people who use the resources are engaged in the management system with the government. The government promotes co-management for attaining some goals such as, increased fi ...
Changing Climates, Fading Cultures: A Study of Place Annihilation
... their foundation of their society (Windsor, McVey 2005). As the Kenny dam was completed, local authorities pushed the Cheslatta tribe from their homelands, either by offering them paltry sums for their land or forcibly removing inhabitants, and relocated the entire tribe to a reservation located in ...
... their foundation of their society (Windsor, McVey 2005). As the Kenny dam was completed, local authorities pushed the Cheslatta tribe from their homelands, either by offering them paltry sums for their land or forcibly removing inhabitants, and relocated the entire tribe to a reservation located in ...
Managing Coastal Vulnerability under Climate Change
... gases (principally methane, nitrous oxide, halocarbons, and tropospheric ozone) in the atmosphere. For example, the concentration of CO2 has increased by more than 40% since the start of the Industrial Revolution. The heat-trapping characteristics of these greenhouse gases result in increasing tempe ...
... gases (principally methane, nitrous oxide, halocarbons, and tropospheric ozone) in the atmosphere. For example, the concentration of CO2 has increased by more than 40% since the start of the Industrial Revolution. The heat-trapping characteristics of these greenhouse gases result in increasing tempe ...
The PAGE09 Integrated Assessment Model: A Technical Description
... year. If a region, such as Africa, has only one‐third of the economic activity of the EU, the user needs to remember to specify a regional cost factor for Africa of one‐third, even if, relative to each unit of economic activity, it is just as hard to adapt in Africa as in the EU. In PAGE09, adapt ...
... year. If a region, such as Africa, has only one‐third of the economic activity of the EU, the user needs to remember to specify a regional cost factor for Africa of one‐third, even if, relative to each unit of economic activity, it is just as hard to adapt in Africa as in the EU. In PAGE09, adapt ...
PDF
... emphases. Given the characteristics of climate change (slow, highly uncertain, small relative to climate variability, spatially heterogeneous), the value of information from research and extension to guide farmers’ decision making about adaptation is likely to be low for decisions about farming prac ...
... emphases. Given the characteristics of climate change (slow, highly uncertain, small relative to climate variability, spatially heterogeneous), the value of information from research and extension to guide farmers’ decision making about adaptation is likely to be low for decisions about farming prac ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.