Economic Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts on Ground
... frequency of extreme weather events and sea level rise directly damage transportation infrastructure and negatively affect vehicle operations, which cause reduction in asset value. On the other hand, because of increased frequency of extreme weather events and greater magnitude of temperature/precip ...
... frequency of extreme weather events and sea level rise directly damage transportation infrastructure and negatively affect vehicle operations, which cause reduction in asset value. On the other hand, because of increased frequency of extreme weather events and greater magnitude of temperature/precip ...
Farming in a Changing Climate
... Extreme weather events have taken a substantial toll on human livelihoods and lives around the globe, and have often detrimentally affected food production and security. In 2005, persistent droughts in several African countries severely limited food supplies, flooding in Bangladesh routinely disrupt ...
... Extreme weather events have taken a substantial toll on human livelihoods and lives around the globe, and have often detrimentally affected food production and security. In 2005, persistent droughts in several African countries severely limited food supplies, flooding in Bangladesh routinely disrupt ...
ocean-climate.org - Plateforme Océan et Climat
... concrete proposals. What do we know about these processes at “human” space-time scales, annual or decennial, regional or local scales? Actually, not much is known because these data are currently not available. For the moment, only long geological periods, and vast areas, have been assessed. Moreove ...
... concrete proposals. What do we know about these processes at “human” space-time scales, annual or decennial, regional or local scales? Actually, not much is known because these data are currently not available. For the moment, only long geological periods, and vast areas, have been assessed. Moreove ...
Framing the flood: a media analysis of themes of resilience in the
... the delivery of the Commission’s final report leading up to the March 2012 state election). We searched all national and Queensland newspapers, a total of 47 publications. Articles included those written by journalists as well as opinion columns and community responses. The community responses inclu ...
... the delivery of the Commission’s final report leading up to the March 2012 state election). We searched all national and Queensland newspapers, a total of 47 publications. Articles included those written by journalists as well as opinion columns and community responses. The community responses inclu ...
Environmental federalism - Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service
... Climate change policy analysis has focused almost exclusively on national policy and even on harmonizing climate policies across countries, implicitly assuming that harmonization of climate policies at the subnational level would be mandated or guaranteed. We argue that the design and implementation ...
... Climate change policy analysis has focused almost exclusively on national policy and even on harmonizing climate policies across countries, implicitly assuming that harmonization of climate policies at the subnational level would be mandated or guaranteed. We argue that the design and implementation ...
Briefing report
... That the world’s climate is changing is irrefutable. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated in its most recent Assessment Report that it is very likely that the changes we have seen and measured are the result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. While there may be some oppo ...
... That the world’s climate is changing is irrefutable. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated in its most recent Assessment Report that it is very likely that the changes we have seen and measured are the result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. While there may be some oppo ...
LOUISIANA AND THE SURGING SEA
... The Earth’s average temperature has warmed by more than one degree Fahrenheit over the last century, and scientists overwhelmingly agree that most or all of this warming comes from human influence (IPCC 2013). This influence comes mainly through the burning of fossil fuels and resulting accumulation ...
... The Earth’s average temperature has warmed by more than one degree Fahrenheit over the last century, and scientists overwhelmingly agree that most or all of this warming comes from human influence (IPCC 2013). This influence comes mainly through the burning of fossil fuels and resulting accumulation ...
full report - Campaign against Climate Change
... During two weeks in May this year the “Climate Jobs Caravan” visited 25 towns and cities around Britain, travelling nearly 3000 miles. Initiated by the Trade Union Group of the Campaign against Climate Change, it was made possible by the support of numerous organisations and their members – climate ...
... During two weeks in May this year the “Climate Jobs Caravan” visited 25 towns and cities around Britain, travelling nearly 3000 miles. Initiated by the Trade Union Group of the Campaign against Climate Change, it was made possible by the support of numerous organisations and their members – climate ...
5. Conclusion: Political change in social
... (2006b) cite numerous case studies (for example lakes and wetlands, rangelands, irrigation systems and coral reefs) that have been important to the development and generalisation of the resilience approach. Narratives of success stories involve scenarios in which varied stakeholders concerned about ...
... (2006b) cite numerous case studies (for example lakes and wetlands, rangelands, irrigation systems and coral reefs) that have been important to the development and generalisation of the resilience approach. Narratives of success stories involve scenarios in which varied stakeholders concerned about ...
List of maps and graphs
... Model simulation of hydrodynamics and phytoplankton dynamics during three contrasting summers (The cold summer of 1956, the average summer of 1991 and the hot summer of 2003). ...
... Model simulation of hydrodynamics and phytoplankton dynamics during three contrasting summers (The cold summer of 1956, the average summer of 1991 and the hot summer of 2003). ...
This background paper focuses specifically on the relationships
... hypothesis of a vicious cycle whereby already existing inequality leads to higher levels of inequality via differential vulnerability to the negative impacts of climate change. However, few of these studies investigate all three dimensions (i.e., exposure, susceptibility, and adaptive capacity) and ...
... hypothesis of a vicious cycle whereby already existing inequality leads to higher levels of inequality via differential vulnerability to the negative impacts of climate change. However, few of these studies investigate all three dimensions (i.e., exposure, susceptibility, and adaptive capacity) and ...
Climate Change, Agriculture and Aid for Trade
... countries with a large rural economy depend on agricultural exports for their fiscal and socio‐ political stability (Christoplos, 2009); climate change could potentially jeopardise agricultural export earnings unless alternatives can be sought or climate proof inves ...
... countries with a large rural economy depend on agricultural exports for their fiscal and socio‐ political stability (Christoplos, 2009); climate change could potentially jeopardise agricultural export earnings unless alternatives can be sought or climate proof inves ...
Climate change, natural disasters and human displacement
... There may also be situations where the victims of natural disasters flee from their homeland because their Government has consciously withheld or obstructed assistance in order to punish or marginalize them on one of the five grounds set out in the refugee definition. In such scenarios, the persons ...
... There may also be situations where the victims of natural disasters flee from their homeland because their Government has consciously withheld or obstructed assistance in order to punish or marginalize them on one of the five grounds set out in the refugee definition. In such scenarios, the persons ...
Climate change intensification of horizontal water vapor transport in
... Twenty-two GCMs from the CMIP5 archive [Taylor et al., 2012] were used in the analysis (Table S1 in the supporting information) based on their data availability; the chosen models have horizontal resolutions ranging from 1.125° × 1.125° to 2.813° × 2.813°. For each model, three simulations (using en ...
... Twenty-two GCMs from the CMIP5 archive [Taylor et al., 2012] were used in the analysis (Table S1 in the supporting information) based on their data availability; the chosen models have horizontal resolutions ranging from 1.125° × 1.125° to 2.813° × 2.813°. For each model, three simulations (using en ...
Target Atmospheric CO : Where Should Humanity Aim?
... scales. This amplification of GHG amount is moderate if warming is kept within the range of recent interglacial periods [6], but larger warming would risk greater release of CH 4 and CO2 from methane hydrates in tundra and ocean sediments [29]. On still longer, geological, time scales weathering of ...
... scales. This amplification of GHG amount is moderate if warming is kept within the range of recent interglacial periods [6], but larger warming would risk greater release of CH 4 and CO2 from methane hydrates in tundra and ocean sediments [29]. On still longer, geological, time scales weathering of ...
the tambora project: an atmospheric simulation
... Climate change is one of the most challenging and controversial topics facing the world today. Climate models used to study this issue require full consideration of the complexity affecting the various components of the Earth's climatic system. In order to develop and improve these models, a better ...
... Climate change is one of the most challenging and controversial topics facing the world today. Climate models used to study this issue require full consideration of the complexity affecting the various components of the Earth's climatic system. In order to develop and improve these models, a better ...
Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change and links to recent
... forms differ in productivity, decomposition rates, albedo and snow-catching capacity, so understanding their response to climate warming can inform models of global surface energy balance and carbon sequestration22,23 and generate predictions for areas beyond the monitored regions. The vast geograph ...
... forms differ in productivity, decomposition rates, albedo and snow-catching capacity, so understanding their response to climate warming can inform models of global surface energy balance and carbon sequestration22,23 and generate predictions for areas beyond the monitored regions. The vast geograph ...
... http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/science/indicators/download.html . Just read the “Summary of Key Points” (4 pp.) and the chapter on “Greenhouse Gases” (12 pp.). Optional: browse chapters on “Weather and Climate,” “Oceans,” “Snow and Ice,” etc. * US EPA, “Future Climate Change” (last updated Jan. 8, ...
From adaptation to climate-resilient development: the costs of climate-proofing the Millennium Development Goals in Africa (388 kB ) (opens in new window)
... assumptions and use of data. As far as Africa is concerned, though, recent estimates of MDG costs show a remarkable degree of convergence (see UN Millennium Project 2005, Commission for Africa 2005, Ban et al. 2008). While this does not necessarily signify a reduction in uncertainty, it suggests tha ...
... assumptions and use of data. As far as Africa is concerned, though, recent estimates of MDG costs show a remarkable degree of convergence (see UN Millennium Project 2005, Commission for Africa 2005, Ban et al. 2008). While this does not necessarily signify a reduction in uncertainty, it suggests tha ...
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... the global mean temperature is likely to increase between 1.4 °C and 5.8 °C by the end of this century (IPCC, 2007). To tackle global warming and climate change at the global level, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was formed which put forth the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 ( ...
... the global mean temperature is likely to increase between 1.4 °C and 5.8 °C by the end of this century (IPCC, 2007). To tackle global warming and climate change at the global level, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was formed which put forth the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 ( ...
published
... Although climate change is occurring at a global scale, related impacts are experienced locally. Downscaled global circulation models that project changes in future climate conditions at local and regional scales sharpen the focus on climate change-related impacts to human systems (IPCC Fifth Assess ...
... Although climate change is occurring at a global scale, related impacts are experienced locally. Downscaled global circulation models that project changes in future climate conditions at local and regional scales sharpen the focus on climate change-related impacts to human systems (IPCC Fifth Assess ...
Malaysia`s First National Communication
... n behalf of the Malaysian Government, I am pleased to present the Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The National Communication outlines Malaysia’s efforts in addressing the causes and impacts of climate change, and the various strat ...
... n behalf of the Malaysian Government, I am pleased to present the Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The National Communication outlines Malaysia’s efforts in addressing the causes and impacts of climate change, and the various strat ...
Climate change threatens the fight against poverty
... Irrawady, Mekong, Salween and Yangtze — that provide water supplies for more than 2 billion people10. In the semi-arid Northeast Brazil, with the lowest level of human development in Latin America, global warming has accelerated desertification with the consequences of rising poverty, hunger and mig ...
... Irrawady, Mekong, Salween and Yangtze — that provide water supplies for more than 2 billion people10. In the semi-arid Northeast Brazil, with the lowest level of human development in Latin America, global warming has accelerated desertification with the consequences of rising poverty, hunger and mig ...
Terms of Reference for the Climate Support Facility under the GCCA
... change impacts, and to adapt their way of life. Without appropriate measures, climate change is therefore likely to further delay the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in these and many other developing countries. ...
... change impacts, and to adapt their way of life. Without appropriate measures, climate change is therefore likely to further delay the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in these and many other developing countries. ...
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... the 1970s and 1980s. The region’s economy largely depends on agriculture, with rice, palm oil, and rubber being prominent exports, as well as manufacturing in the more industrialised countries. East Asia has one of the most successful regional economies, including some of the largest and most prospe ...
... the 1970s and 1980s. The region’s economy largely depends on agriculture, with rice, palm oil, and rubber being prominent exports, as well as manufacturing in the more industrialised countries. East Asia has one of the most successful regional economies, including some of the largest and most prospe ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.