Climate change threatens the fight against poverty
... Irrawady, Mekong, Salween and Yangtze — that provide water supplies for more than 2 billion people10. In the semi-arid Northeast Brazil, with the lowest level of human development in Latin America, global warming has accelerated desertification with the consequences of rising poverty, hunger and mig ...
... Irrawady, Mekong, Salween and Yangtze — that provide water supplies for more than 2 billion people10. In the semi-arid Northeast Brazil, with the lowest level of human development in Latin America, global warming has accelerated desertification with the consequences of rising poverty, hunger and mig ...
Terms of Reference for the Climate Support Facility under the GCCA
... change impacts, and to adapt their way of life. Without appropriate measures, climate change is therefore likely to further delay the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in these and many other developing countries. ...
... change impacts, and to adapt their way of life. Without appropriate measures, climate change is therefore likely to further delay the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in these and many other developing countries. ...
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... the 1970s and 1980s. The region’s economy largely depends on agriculture, with rice, palm oil, and rubber being prominent exports, as well as manufacturing in the more industrialised countries. East Asia has one of the most successful regional economies, including some of the largest and most prospe ...
... the 1970s and 1980s. The region’s economy largely depends on agriculture, with rice, palm oil, and rubber being prominent exports, as well as manufacturing in the more industrialised countries. East Asia has one of the most successful regional economies, including some of the largest and most prospe ...
the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Learning Module
... and represents the percentage of impacts, not the mass percentage More impact categories are available than can be covered in this module series ...
... and represents the percentage of impacts, not the mass percentage More impact categories are available than can be covered in this module series ...
Module B2 - Common Air Emission Impact Categories
... and represents the percentage of impacts, not the mass percentage More impact categories are available than can be covered in this module series ...
... and represents the percentage of impacts, not the mass percentage More impact categories are available than can be covered in this module series ...
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... warrant action and what kinds of actions need to be taken to address these issues. Several studies have been directed at the effects of climate change on the negative environmental externalities from agricultural production, including runoff (e.g., Chiew et al., 1995; Izaurralde et al., 1999; van Ka ...
... warrant action and what kinds of actions need to be taken to address these issues. Several studies have been directed at the effects of climate change on the negative environmental externalities from agricultural production, including runoff (e.g., Chiew et al., 1995; Izaurralde et al., 1999; van Ka ...
the heat is on
... figure 2 below for a summary; section 4 provides detail). Given the significant disconnect between current actions and those required, we have deliberately focused on ambitious measures, rather than more incremental improvements in performance, which, whilst helpful, are unlikely to provide the brea ...
... figure 2 below for a summary; section 4 provides detail). Given the significant disconnect between current actions and those required, we have deliberately focused on ambitious measures, rather than more incremental improvements in performance, which, whilst helpful, are unlikely to provide the brea ...
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER
... century, with impacts in arid and semi-arid regions expected to be much larger than the global averages suggest (IPCC, 2001; Parry et al., 2001). Thus in regions already under water stress today, including Africa, climate change will exacerbate the situation. For many of the water-distressed regions ...
... century, with impacts in arid and semi-arid regions expected to be much larger than the global averages suggest (IPCC, 2001; Parry et al., 2001). Thus in regions already under water stress today, including Africa, climate change will exacerbate the situation. For many of the water-distressed regions ...
i1880e12
... Climate change is expected to cause global average surface temperature to increase some 1 to 2.5 °C by 2030 and it is predicted that during this period, billions of people – particularly those in developing countries – will face changes in rainfall patterns and extreme events, such as severe water s ...
... Climate change is expected to cause global average surface temperature to increase some 1 to 2.5 °C by 2030 and it is predicted that during this period, billions of people – particularly those in developing countries – will face changes in rainfall patterns and extreme events, such as severe water s ...
Responses of vegetation distribution to climate change in China
... studies. The initiative to study the potential effects of climate change is motivated by the increasing scientific and political interests in the interrelationship between climate change and ecosystems in regional levels. To date, few studies have investigated the influence of regional climate scena ...
... studies. The initiative to study the potential effects of climate change is motivated by the increasing scientific and political interests in the interrelationship between climate change and ecosystems in regional levels. To date, few studies have investigated the influence of regional climate scena ...
Characterizing postindustrial changes in the ocean carbon cycle in
... of model experiments indicates that the most important source of uncertainty in ocean uptake projections in the near term future are the upper ocean vertical diffusivity and gas exchange coefficient. By year 2300, the model’s climate sensitivity replaces these two and becomes the dominant factor as ...
... of model experiments indicates that the most important source of uncertainty in ocean uptake projections in the near term future are the upper ocean vertical diffusivity and gas exchange coefficient. By year 2300, the model’s climate sensitivity replaces these two and becomes the dominant factor as ...
Land Resources - Northern Research Station
... or go locally extinct if suitable conditions are unavailable (Woodward 1987). One example of such a species shift is sugar maple in the northeastern United States. Suitable climate for it may move northward into Canada and the distribution will likely follow (Chuine and Beaubien 2001), assuming the ...
... or go locally extinct if suitable conditions are unavailable (Woodward 1987). One example of such a species shift is sugar maple in the northeastern United States. Suitable climate for it may move northward into Canada and the distribution will likely follow (Chuine and Beaubien 2001), assuming the ...
Climate change impacts on connectivity in the ocean: Implications
... ;700 ppm in 2100 (Sabine et al. 2004). Such levels of atmospheric CO2 influence global sea surface temperatures, which have already risen by 0.768C, on average, since pre-industrial times v www.esajournals.org ...
... ;700 ppm in 2100 (Sabine et al. 2004). Such levels of atmospheric CO2 influence global sea surface temperatures, which have already risen by 0.768C, on average, since pre-industrial times v www.esajournals.org ...
- Wiley Online Library
... do not consistently affect an individual’s perceptions of global warming.(22) Peacock and Brody(52) find that one’s location is the most important factor determining perceptions of hurricane wind risk. Although perceptions of air quality are not directly related to actual air quality as described by ...
... do not consistently affect an individual’s perceptions of global warming.(22) Peacock and Brody(52) find that one’s location is the most important factor determining perceptions of hurricane wind risk. Although perceptions of air quality are not directly related to actual air quality as described by ...
Implications for the Success of Adaptation and Coping Strategies
... In the months following, after the waters receded, the government and the aid community began to ponder how to prevent such a disaster from recurring. It had been the worst flood in 50 years, but there was concern that climate change could have contributed to it, meaning that the time until the next ...
... In the months following, after the waters receded, the government and the aid community began to ponder how to prevent such a disaster from recurring. It had been the worst flood in 50 years, but there was concern that climate change could have contributed to it, meaning that the time until the next ...
White Paper on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate Change
... The collaborative program on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate Change (EDCC) is an effort that has grown out of the collaboration of many individuals and organizations. It recognizes that ethics should play a central role in policy decisions that are being made about climate change. The Program met ...
... The collaborative program on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate Change (EDCC) is an effort that has grown out of the collaboration of many individuals and organizations. It recognizes that ethics should play a central role in policy decisions that are being made about climate change. The Program met ...
Climate change : quantifying the health impact at national
... consensus among the scientific community that the earth is warming, that this is mainly due to human activities, and that this will continue for at least the next several decades (IPCC, 2001b; Oreskes, 2004). It is also clear that weather and climate exert a major influence on human health, both thr ...
... consensus among the scientific community that the earth is warming, that this is mainly due to human activities, and that this will continue for at least the next several decades (IPCC, 2001b; Oreskes, 2004). It is also clear that weather and climate exert a major influence on human health, both thr ...
7.6 adaptation
... The above discussion of non-climate drivers reflects the critical role of the economy, from local to global scales, in driving agricultural systems and practices. In addition to these primary economic drivers, a range of key environmental drivers including volcanic activity, earthquakes and tsunamis ...
... The above discussion of non-climate drivers reflects the critical role of the economy, from local to global scales, in driving agricultural systems and practices. In addition to these primary economic drivers, a range of key environmental drivers including volcanic activity, earthquakes and tsunamis ...
Variability properties of daily and monthly observed near-surface
... A detailed study on near-surface temperature variability and trends in Uganda has not yet been carried out, especially to include recent global temperature increases since the 1970s. A primary motivation for undertaking this study was therefore to investigate temperature trends in Uganda during the ...
... A detailed study on near-surface temperature variability and trends in Uganda has not yet been carried out, especially to include recent global temperature increases since the 1970s. A primary motivation for undertaking this study was therefore to investigate temperature trends in Uganda during the ...
Quantification of hydrologic impacts of climate change in a
... physically based, distributed hydrologic model. The highresolution forcings in reference and future conditions (30year records for each period) were provided by four combinations of global and regional climate models, bias-corrected and downscaled in space and time (from ∼ 25 km, 24 h to 5 km, 1 h) ...
... physically based, distributed hydrologic model. The highresolution forcings in reference and future conditions (30year records for each period) were provided by four combinations of global and regional climate models, bias-corrected and downscaled in space and time (from ∼ 25 km, 24 h to 5 km, 1 h) ...
Publication: Hydrologic Impacts of Climate Change on the Nile River
... Hulme (1996) used CO2 doubling climate scenarios which provided widely diverging pictures of possible future Nile River flows, ranging from a 30% increase to a 77% decrease. Strzepek and Yates [2000] used a dry and wet scenario analysis of possible future conditions and found that under wet climate ...
... Hulme (1996) used CO2 doubling climate scenarios which provided widely diverging pictures of possible future Nile River flows, ranging from a 30% increase to a 77% decrease. Strzepek and Yates [2000] used a dry and wet scenario analysis of possible future conditions and found that under wet climate ...
The Recent Trend and Variance Increase of the
... squares fit, the parameter a is varied until a minimum is obtained in S i [ f r (v i ) 2 2 f (v i ) 2 ]. For determining the confidence levels, 78 degrees of freedom are used for each spectral estimate, where it has been assumed that there are approximately two degrees of freedom for each seasonal p ...
... squares fit, the parameter a is varied until a minimum is obtained in S i [ f r (v i ) 2 2 f (v i ) 2 ]. For determining the confidence levels, 78 degrees of freedom are used for each spectral estimate, where it has been assumed that there are approximately two degrees of freedom for each seasonal p ...
Historical and Idealized Climate Model Experiments: An EMIC
... community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth’s orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse g ...
... community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth’s orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse g ...
Articulating Climate Justice in Copenhagen: Antagonism, the
... constellation of events beyond and before Copenhagen. The first use of the term was in a 1999 report appearing on a website4 followed by a November 2000 Amsterdam conference of the National Committee for Sustainable Development (NCDO) of the Netherlands, during the COP6 Climate Change negotiations.5 ...
... constellation of events beyond and before Copenhagen. The first use of the term was in a 1999 report appearing on a website4 followed by a November 2000 Amsterdam conference of the National Committee for Sustainable Development (NCDO) of the Netherlands, during the COP6 Climate Change negotiations.5 ...
Climate Impact Research in the BSR: State of the Art
... climate data to be usable, for example, as inputs to impact models (IPCC 2001, WGI, p. 743, Ch. 13) We are not yet at promised level where regional climate models can really influence regional policy making (Amanatidis, 2004, scientific officer EC) We cannot calculate robust regional climate scenari ...
... climate data to be usable, for example, as inputs to impact models (IPCC 2001, WGI, p. 743, Ch. 13) We are not yet at promised level where regional climate models can really influence regional policy making (Amanatidis, 2004, scientific officer EC) We cannot calculate robust regional climate scenari ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.